Le Voyage à La Mecque

Chiffoleau, Sylvia

doi:10.3917/bel.chiff.2017.01

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…In the years that followed, the Iraqi PWD began paving and asphalting the road between Fallujah and Ramadi. 178 However, it was not until the second half of the 1930s that the Syrian and Iraqi PWDs built an all-weather road across the desert (see Chapter 3). From 1934 onwards, each government undertook to pave and asphalt the section of the desert route lying in its territory.…”

Section: When the Desert Turned To Mudmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…177 In addition, traffic between Damascus and Baghdad increased during the summer months because during this time, British administrators travelled to and from Europe with their families on holiday. 178 The increase in traffic, combined with its limitation to certain days of the week, created congestion. In March 1927, the British informed the French that the following month, two convoys would cross the Syrian part of the Baghdad-Damascus route on a day other than Friday (the 'protected day').…”

Section: Complications Delays and Bottlenecksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The discussions revolved around the international transit regime and new incentives for freight companies operating on the Baghdad-Damascus route. 178 After lengthy discussions, the commission finally came up with a revised draft of the incentive regime for transit trade in early 1934.…”

Section: Questioning the Incentive Regimementioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the Palestinian newspaper, 'tens and hundreds of smuggled Jews' had crossed the Iraqi-Syrian border 'in mail bags'. 178 The Acting Director of Immigration in Palestine wrote to the consul in Damascus to enquire whether the Syrian authorities had confirmed the incident. Three weeks later, the French delegation in Damascus replied, informing the British consul that they could not provide him with any details, as the mail car had in fact been stopped on the Iraq-Transjordanian border and not on the Syrian-Iraqi border.…”

Section: 'Jews In Mail Bags'? Immigration To Palestinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…They completed the entire journey in three or four days. 178 About 400 pilgrims travelled by car from Najaf to Medina during the hajj of 1935.…”

Section: The Baghdad-medina Pilgrimage Routementioning

confidence: 99%

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Connective Mobility, Contentious Crossings: A History of the Baghdad–Damascus Route, 1923-1939

Jaquier¹

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In the aftermath of the First World War, a new route developed between Damascus and Baghdad through the Syrian Desert, driven by the development of motorised transport services and the increasing movement of people, goods and mail between the two cities. This transdesert route linked regions of the former Ottoman Empire that witnessed the formation of separate territorial states in the interwar period. It also connected French and British zones of influence. This dissertation explores the interactions between mobility, space and states in the post-Ottoman Middle East by presenting a history of the Baghdad-Damascus route in the 1920s and 1930s. It first explores the development of this route from 1923 onwards, examining preexisting forms of transdesert mobility, the development of a new transport system and its impact on mobility. In doing so, it shows that the route was shaped by multiple human, technological and environmental factors. The dissertation demonstrates that transdesert mobility accelerated, intensified and diversified, but that these trends did not unfold evenly and consistently. The movements of people, goods and commodities were subject to significant obstacles, dangers and restrictions.The dissertation then investigates how the development of the Baghdad-Damascus route generated interactions between actors having convergent and divergent interests. It shows that the route became an arena of conflict, compromise and cooperation where local, national, international and imperial actors intersected. Finally, the dissertation examines the impact of transdesert mobility on the spatial and territorial reconfiguration of the regions bordering the Syrian Desert. It argues that transdesert mobility played a major role in the formation and consolidation of the states of Iraq and Syria and their border, while contributing to the emergence of a regional space transcending borders, as well as to the integration of this Syrian-Iraqi space into transregional mobility networks.There are many people to whom I am grateful for supporting me during my doctoral studies, and making this research project a truly collective endeavour and experience. First and foremost, I would like to thank my research supervisors. This project would not have been possible without the support and encouragement from Jordi Tejel, who has been there ever since I started thinking about it. Jordi, thank you so much for your guidance and helpful comments on every draft of my work. Our discussions have always taken me one step further towards my goal. I am also very grateful to you for always keeping your office door open (literally) to respond to my most humble questions and assuage my biggest doubts. This journey could also not have been possible without the guidance of Sylvia Chiffoleau, who agreed to become my second supervisor. Her invaluable advice, encouragement and suggestions provide for new avenues of research. I feel deeply indebted to your insightful feedback on my writing, Sylvia, which often made me understand what I had intended t...

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Section: When the Desert Turned To Mudmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Complications Delays and Bottlenecksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Questioning the Incentive Regimementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: 'Jews In Mail Bags'? Immigration To Palestinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…They completed the entire journey in three or four days. 178 About 400 pilgrims travelled by car from Najaf to Medina during the hajj of 1935.…”

Section: The Baghdad-medina Pilgrimage Routementioning

confidence: 99%

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Connective Mobility, Contentious Crossings: A History of the Baghdad–Damascus Route, 1923-1939

Jaquier¹

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Experiencing the Hajj in an Age of Change: Tuning the Emotions in Several Hajj Accounts of Pilgrims Travelling from Morocco and Egypt in the First Half of the Twentieth Century

Kateman¹

2023

Narrating the Pilgrimage to Mecca

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The second half of the nineteenth century and the first half of the twentieth century were times of remarkable change around the world, also for Muslims (Gelvin and Green 2014). Revolutionary innovations in terms of steam, print, and empire had an effect on the hajj, the annual Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca and its surroundings (Chiffoleau 2015). Steamships and trains increasingly replaced the Egyptian and Syrian caravans, transporting larger numbers of pilgrims to Mecca from more remote locations such as South and South-East Asia and Morocco in a safer, cheaper, and faster way. Colonial empires such as Britain, France, and the Netherlands monitored, regulated, and, at times, prohibited the hajj journey for their Muslim subjects. International conferences imposed a period of quarantine on all pilgrims returning from the Arabian Peninsula. The publication and distribution of narrative and visual representations of the hajj in travelogues, guides, and photos were part of a global circulation of images and ideas, facilitated by cheap print technologies. These and other global processes and discourses inevitably also had an impact on the region of the Hijaz as well as on the regimes of governance there-first that of the Sharīfs under the Ottomans and subsequently that of the new Saūdi rulers from the mid-1920s onwards.Amidst these locally impacting global processes, Arab pilgrims travelled to Mecca in order to perform the hajj, which they often recorded in travelogues, as many of their predecessors had done. This chapter draws on a small set of these travelogues that were written in Arabic by pilgrims travelling through or from Egypt in the first four decades of the twentieth century in order to analyse their experience of the hajj. More specifically, I am interested in how these pilgrims assessed some of the great changes of their time, especially the obligation of quarantine for returning hajj pilgrims and the governance of the Hijaz by ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz Āl Saʿūd (or Ibn Saʿūd). I also try to gauge their feelings about these changes-however elusive emotions might be to an historian.

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La globalisation ottomane et ses régimes d’historicité

Lafi¹

2022

Un Moyen-Orient Ordinaire

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Le Voyage à La Mecque

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Connective Mobility, Contentious Crossings: A History of the Baghdad–Damascus Route, 1923-1939

Connective Mobility, Contentious Crossings: A History of the Baghdad–Damascus Route, 1923-1939

Experiencing the Hajj in an Age of Change: Tuning the Emotions in Several Hajj Accounts of Pilgrims Travelling from Morocco and Egypt in the First Half of the Twentieth Century

La globalisation ottomane et ses régimes d’historicité

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