LDL cholesterol in early pregnancy and offspring cardiovascular disease risk factors

Christensen, Jacob J.; Retterstøl, Kjetil; Godang, Kristin; Roland, M; Qvigstad, Elisabeth; Bollerslev, Jens; Ueland, Thor; Henriksen, Tore; Holven, Kirsten B.

doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2016.08.016

Cited by 42 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The exposure of the foetus to very high levels of lipoprotein oxidative products could result in programming of foetal arterial tissue with a predisposition to atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk later in life [ 34 ]. Recent discoveries in foetuses, 6-month-old infants and children of mothers with hypercholesterolemia revealed aortic atherosclerosis and early formation of fatty streaks, making these children more prone to metabolic complications in adult life [ 35 ]. Therefore, further study of the mechanism of oxidative damage in neonates from women with PE is pertinent since these children may be more susceptible to metabolic complications, inflammatory processes, heart disease, hypertension and atherosclerosis in adult life.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative modifications of foetal LDL-c and HDL-c lipoproteins in preeclampsia

et al. 2018

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BackgroundOxidative modifications have been observed in lipids and proteins in lipoproteins isolated from women with preeclampsia. Thus, newborns could also be susceptible to this damage directly through their mothers. In this study, we evaluated the oxidative profile of LDL-c and HDL-c lipoproteins isolated from the umbilical cord from newborns born to women with preeclampsia.MethodsThirty newborns born to women with preeclampsia and thirty newborns born to women with healthy pregnancies were included. Lipid-damage biomarkers, including conjugated dienes, lipohydroperoxides and malondialdehyde, were measured. The reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium, formation of dityrosines, and carbonylation of proteins were assessed as indicators of protein damage. The protective activity of paraoxonase-I on HDL-c particles was evaluated. The total antioxidant capacity and lipid profiles were quantified in plasma. Data were analysed using Student’s t-tests and Pearson correlation coefficients.ResultsCompared with the control group, the preeclampsia group had an increase in the percentage of lipid damage in both lipoproteins. There was an increase of 23.3 and 19.9% for conjugated dienes, 82.4 and 21.1% for lipohydroperoxides, and 103.8 and 51.5% for malondialdehyde in LDL-c and HDL-c, respectively. However, these infants did not show evident damage in protein oxidation. The activity of the enzyme paraoxonase-I was decreased by 36.2%; by contrast, the total antioxidant capacity was increased by 40% (protein) and 28.8% (non-protein).ConclusionsThe oxidative modifications that occur in HDL-c and LDL-c isolated from newborns from women with preeclampsia are mainly caused by lipoperoxidation processes related to evident paraoxonase-I inactivation. The absence of protein damage is likely linked to an increase in total antioxidant capacity. Therefore, antioxidant support could be helpful in reducing oxidative stress in mother/newborn dyads.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative modifications of foetal LDL-c and HDL-c lipoproteins in preeclampsia

et al. 2018

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“…We used clinical and biological measurements from 58 children that participated in the Stork children study, thoroughly described previously . Briefly, in 2015, when the children were 6–13 years, we examined them with respect to CVD risk factors, including body composition using dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DEXA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Omega‐6 Fatty Acids and Immunology‐Related Gene Expression in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells: A Cross‐Sectional Analysis in Healthy Children

Christensen

Bakke

Ulven

et al. 2019

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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Scope: Some studies suggest that a high dietary intake of omega-6 fatty acids is pro-inflammatory. However, whether omega-6 fatty acids actually cause pathogenic inflammation in humans is debated. Therefore, the associations between expression of immunology-related genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and serum total omega-6 PUFA status are investigated. Methods and results: Serum fatty acid profile and expression of 460 immunology-related genes in PBMCs from 58 healthy children (6-13 years) is measured, and examined the expression differences between children with high or low total omega-6 PUFA status (upper vs lower tertile). Taken together, both univariate analyses and integrated omics analyses support that while high omega-6 PUFA level associated with higher expressing of genes related to innate immune responses, it also associated with lower expression of several genes related to adaptive immune responses. Conclusion: Omega-6 PUFA status associated both positively and negatively with expression of specific immunologyrelated genes in PBMCs in healthy children. The results may suggest a nuanced role for omega-6 fatty acids in the interphase of lipids and inflammation, and warrants further examination in gene-environment studies and randomized controlled trials.is a life-long progressive disease of the arteries mainly driven by close and bi-directional interaction between lipids and the immune system. [2] Accordingly, expanded knowledge on the interrelationship between lipids and inflammation in the early phases

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“…Dietary fat quality has been shown to affect both TC and risk of developing CVD in adults . Moreover, previous studies have shown that women with gestational hypercholesterolaemia have offspring with higher low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and increased aortic fatty streak formation . TC in cord blood has been found to be approximately one‐fourth of adult concentrations, and during the first year of life, TC concentration has been shown to more than double .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infant cholesterol and glycated haemoglobin concentrations vary widely—Associations with breastfeeding, infant diet and maternal biomarkers

et al. 2019

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Aim Elevated total cholesterol (TC) and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) are risk factors for cardiovascular disease; however, little is known about their determinants in infants. We aimed to describe TC and HbA1c concentrations in infants aged 8‐14 months and explore the relation between infant TC, HbA1c, breastfeeding, infant diet, and maternal TC and HbA1c. Methods In this cross‐sectional pilot study, mothers of infants aged 6 and 12 months were invited to complete a food frequency questionnaire and to take home‐based dried blood spot samples from themselves and their infants. Results Among the 143 included infants, the mean (SD, range) concentration was 4.1 (0.8, 2.3‐6.6) mmol/L for TC and 4.9 (0.4, 3.7‐6.0)% for HbA1c. There was no significant difference between age groups and sexes. There was a positive relation between TC concentrations of all infants and mothers (B = 0.30 unadjusted, B = 0.32 adjusted, P < .001 for both) and a negative relation between infant TC and intake of unsaturated fatty acids in the oldest age group (B = −0.09, P = .03 unadjusted, B = −0.08, P = .06 adjusted). Infant HbA1c was not significantly related to diet or maternal HbA1c. Conclusion TC and HbA1c concentrations varied widely among infants aged 8‐14 months. Infant TC was associated with macronutrient intake and maternal TC.

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LDL cholesterol in early pregnancy and offspring cardiovascular disease risk factors

Cited by 42 publications

References 49 publications

Oxidative modifications of foetal LDL-c and HDL-c lipoproteins in preeclampsia

Oxidative modifications of foetal LDL-c and HDL-c lipoproteins in preeclampsia

Serum Omega‐6 Fatty Acids and Immunology‐Related Gene Expression in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells: A Cross‐Sectional Analysis in Healthy Children

Infant cholesterol and glycated haemoglobin concentrations vary widely—Associations with breastfeeding, infant diet and maternal biomarkers

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