LCA Methodology for the Quantification of the Carbon Footprint of the Integrated Urban Water System

Sambito, Mariacrocetta; Freni, Gabriele

doi:10.3390/w9060395

Cited by 26 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In the first phase, the problem was identified, the objective was established where an overall literature review was conducted. Then a methodological approach, i.e., Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement [94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101] was chosen to conduct the systematic literature review. The second phase of the research was focused on the selected PRISMA statement, which was followed by several researchers.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Review of Life Cycle Assessment and Life Cycle Cost Analysis for Pavement and a Case Study

et al. 2021

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Development of the pavement network systems, which is inevitable due to the rapid economic growth, has increasingly become a topic of significant concern because of the severe environmental impacts of road expansion. For achieving the sustainable development goals (SDGs), the policies and actions towards the pavements’ life cycle assessment (LCA) and life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) must be carefully assessed. Consequently, the purpose of this review is to present an overview of LCA and LCCA used in pavement engineering and management. Through the quality control of PRISMA, fifty-five most relevant documents were extracted for a thorough investigation. The state of the art review reveals that a limited number of the papers considered environmental impacts of the pavements. Consequently, to assess the environmental impact cost, a conceptual framework was developed to better consider the LCA and LCCA on various aspects of the pavement projects including the sustainability aspects. Besides, a case study was given to validate the literature review towards proposing a novel framework for the incorporation of environmental impact cost.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Review of Life Cycle Assessment and Life Cycle Cost Analysis for Pavement and a Case Study

et al. 2021

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“…On the other hand, various studies related to the carbon footprint have been conducted in industrial fields such as building, civil engineering, and agriculture [17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Gong and Shong (2016) quantified carbon emissions over the life cycle of buildings, including material production, construction, operation, and demolition, in Wuhan, China [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies calculating the carbon emissions of building materials production or operation have also been conducted [18][19][20][21]. Sambito and Freni (2017) estimated the carbon footprint of the integrated urban water system in Palermo, Italy, and proposed replacing old pumps with high-efficiency ones to reduce carbon emissions [22]. Diacono et al (2019) reported that the carbon emissions of biofertilizer production were 17.4 and 18.3 kg/Mg for anaerobic digestate and olive waste compost, respectively [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Footprint of Landscape Tree Production in Korea

Park¹,

Jo²,

Kim³

2021

Sustainability

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Landscape trees sequester carbon during their growth processes, but they emit carbon through production in nurseries, which may offset carbon uptake. This study quantified the carbon footprint of landscape tree production. After determining the scope of life cycle for landscape tree production, the energy and material used to produce trees of a target size were analyzed by conducting a field survey of 35 nurseries. This energy consumption and input material were converted to an estimate of carbon emitted using data on carbon emission coefficients. The net carbon uptake was 4.6, 12.2, and 24.3 kg/tree for trees with a DBH of 7, 10, and 13 cm, respectively. Thus, even though carbon is emitted during the production process, landscape trees can act as a source of carbon uptake in cities that have high energy consumption levels. This study broke new ground for quantifying the carbon footprint of landscape tree production by overcoming limitations of the past studies that only considered carbon uptake due to absence of data on energy consumption and difficulty of field survey. These study results are expected to provide information on the carbon footprint of landscape trees and to be useful in determining optimal greenhouse gas emissions reduction goal through urban greenspaces.

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“…In this paper, we also carried out a life cycle assessment (LCA) for the different solutions proposed. In the literature, different studies on LCA for water systems of different dimensions can be found [37,38]: in integrated urban water systems or for the specific analysis of plastic bottle impact [39].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Resource Management and Sustainability: A Case Study in Faafu Atoll in the Republic of Maldives

Acciarri

Checola²,

Galli

et al. 2021

Sustainability

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This paper contributes to the existing literature in proposing an integrated approach to water management and energy renewable production in a fragile environment. After the 2004 tsunami, in many outer islands in The Republic of Maldives, the lens freshwater natural reservoir was deeply damaged. Currently, the populations of rural atolls use rainwater and water in plastic bottles imported from the mainland for drinking. To provide safe and sustainable drinking water, we analyze the feasibility of two different actions: a desalination system fed by a diesel plant or by a photovoltaic (PV) plant with batteries. The current situation (business as usual, (BAU)) is also evaluated and taken as a benchmark. After illustrating the technical and economic features of desalination and PV plants, a financial and environmental analysis is conducted on the two alternatives plus BAU, showing that the desalination fed by the PV plant results in optimization both on the financial and the environmental side. The levelized cost of water (LCOW) and the CO2 levelized emissions of water (LEOW) are calculated for each alternative. The case study is developed in Magoodhoo Island, Faafu Atoll and can be extended to other islands in The Republic of Maldives and in general to small island developing states (SIDS).

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LCA Methodology for the Quantification of the Carbon Footprint of the Integrated Urban Water System

Cited by 26 publications

References 15 publications

Systematic Review of Life Cycle Assessment and Life Cycle Cost Analysis for Pavement and a Case Study

Systematic Review of Life Cycle Assessment and Life Cycle Cost Analysis for Pavement and a Case Study

Carbon Footprint of Landscape Tree Production in Korea

Water Resource Management and Sustainability: A Case Study in Faafu Atoll in the Republic of Maldives

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