LC-ICP-OES method for antimony speciation analysis in liquid samples

Abstract

A method for the analysis of different species of antimony (Sb) that couples liquid chromatography with an inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (LC-ICP-OES) system is presented. The method is simple and reliable to separate and quantify directly and simultaneously Sb(III) and Sb(V) in aqueous samples. The calibration curves showed high linearity at the three wavelengths tested. The limits of detection ranged from 24.9 to 32.3 μg/L for Sb(III) and from 36.2 to 46.0 μg/L for Sb(V), at the three wavelengths evaluated. The limit of detection for this method varied depending on the wavelength used. The lowest limit of quantification for Sb(V) (49.9 μg/L) and Sb(III) (80.7 μg/L) was obtained at a wavelength of 217.582 nm. The method sensitivity for Sb(V) was higher compared to Sb(III) at all the wavelengths considered. Samples containing different concentrations of Sb(III) and Sb(V) in three different matrices, i.e., water, basal culture medium, and anaerobic sludge plus basal medium, were analyzed. The coefficients of variation were low and ranged from 0.1 to 5.0 depending on the sample matrix. Recoveries of Sb(III) and Sb(V) were higher than 90% independently of the matrix analyzed and the wavelength used in the analysis.

Sensitive Silver-Enhanced Microplate Apta-Enzyme Assay of Sb3+ Ions in Drinking and Natural Waters

“…The comparison of different methods for Sb 3+ detection in Table 2 demonstrates the advantages of the developed Ag + -enhanced microplate apta-enzyme assay in relation to both instrumental and colorimetric methods. The LOD of the proposed method (1.9 ng/mL) is comparable to that of flame atomic absorption (emission) spectrometry [42,43], inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry [12,44], excimer fluorescence [16] and surface-enhanced Raman scattering [45,46], which require the use of expensive equipment. In addition, the proposed method demonstrates more advantageous sensitivity compared to the very small number of low-tech methods available for the determination of Sb 3+ [19,47].…”

“…water, basal culture medium, anaerobic sludge plus basal medium [44] Ion-assisted photochemical vapor generation with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry 0.0047 lake and river water [12] Bulk optode coupled with spectrophotometry using 6-(4-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)diazenyl)phenyl)−2-oxo-4-phenyl-1,2-dihydro pyridine-3-carbo-nitrileas a ionophore 0.85 tap, domestic, sea, ground, lake water, blood plasma, urine [48] Surface-enhanced Raman scattering using silvered porous silicon and phenylfluorone 1 -…”

Atomic Spectrometry Update: review of advances in elemental speciation

“…Although most published methods for determining Sb species utilise LC-ICP-MS, a method utilising LC-ICP-OES has been reported this year. 28 The separation was achieved on a Dionex AS15, 4 × 250 mm column used with a Dionex AG15, 4 × 50 mm guard column. The calibration curves showed good linearity at the three wavelengths tested (206.834 nm, 217.58 nm and 231.146 nm), although the LOQ varied depending on the wavelength used.…”

Optimizing Antimony Speciation Analysis via Frontal Chromatography–ICP-MS to Explore the Release of PET Additives

“…The development of accurate analytical methods for Sb speciation at ultra-trace levels can surely help in approaching this goal. Over the past decades, efforts have been dedicated to advancing analytical methodologies in this field (see the yearly updated review on advances in elemental speciation methods [ 25 ], and additional references [ 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 ]). For instance, in recent years, many non-chromatographic protocols, encompassing electroanalytical [ 33 , 34 ] and spectrometric techniques [ 35 ], have been developed.…”