Layered Ruddlesden–Popper Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells with Controlled Quantum and Dielectric Confinement Introduced via Doping

Abstract

Layered Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) hybrid perovskite semiconductors have recently emerged as promising materials for photovoltaics application. However, the strong quantum and dielectric confinement of RP perovskite compounds increases their optical bandgap and binding energy of exciton, which limit their application in solar cells. Herein, the doping of RP-based (BA) 2 (MA) 3 Pb 4 I 13 perovskite materials by means of Li + is reported for the first time, which can significantly help to reduce dielectric confinement and thus the exciton-binding energy via reducing the dielectric constant difference between organic spacer cation and inorganic framework. Furthermore, the Li + doping boosts the carrier mobility, reduces the trap density states, and thus allows to achieve power conversion efficiency of ≈15% via Li + -(BA) 2 (MA) 3 Pb 4 I 13 -based perovskite solar cell, which is the highest efficiency for layered perovskites (n = 4) so far. This work highlights the promising ionic doping engineering for further improvement of the layered perovskite materials.

Self‐Additive Low‐Dimensional Ruddlesden–Popper Perovskite by the Incorporation of Glycine Hydrochloride for High‐Performance and Stable Solar Cells

“…[ 34 ] In addition, some people also applied the additives often used in 3D perovskites to improve the PCEs of low‐dimensional RP perovskites. [ 37–40 ] For instance, Yu's group fabricated the efficient PEA‐based 2D RP perovskite with a high PCE of 13.41%, excellent air‐stability and eliminated hysteresis by exploiting the favorable synergistic effect of the an NH 4 Cl additive and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solvent. [ 37 ] Wang and co‐workers significantly reduced the dielectric confinement and the exciton‐binding energy through the Li + doping to achieve the high PCE ≈15%.…”

“…[ 37 ] Wang and co‐workers significantly reduced the dielectric confinement and the exciton‐binding energy through the Li + doping to achieve the high PCE ≈15%. [ 39 ]…”

Electrical Conduction Characteristic of a 2D MXene Device with Cu/Cr2C/TiN Structure Based on Density Functional Theory

“…It can be predicted from the result that electrons may be preferable to transport from the Cu(111) side to the TiN(100) side. The electronic behavior of the Cu/Cr2C/TiN stack was investigated by calculating its electrical conduction coefficients (i.e., mobility, diffusivity, and electrical conductivity) according to [39][40][41] layers, and in this case the Fermi energy level was mainly contributed by d orbitals of Cr2C. The band structure of the Cu/Cr2C/TiN model is illustrated in Figure 3c.…”

“…It can be predicted from the result that electrons may be preferable to transport from the Cu(111) side to the TiN(100) side. The electronic behavior of the Cu/Cr2C/TiN stack was investigated by calculating its electrical conduction coefficients (i.e., mobility, diffusivity, and electrical conductivity) according to [39][40][41] The electronic behavior of the Cu/Cr2C/TiN stack was investigated by calculating its electrical conduction coefficients (i.e., mobility, diffusivity, and electrical conductivity) according to [39][40][41]…”

Enhanced quantum yields and efficiency in a quantum dot photocell modeled by a multi-level system

“…Thus, solar cell attracts the enduring interests from the scientists in the world, but the photo-to-charge efficiency limit is still a challenge for them. Therefore, various materials and device concepts, such as the inorganic material cell [1], organic photovoltaics [2][3][4][5], hybrid perovskites [6] and nanostructured solar cells [7] have been proposed to enhance the conversion efficiencies [8,9]. In addition to these, one of the main research and development directions is toward reducing the fundamental losses in the solar cells [10,11].…”