Layered microporous polymers by solvent knitting method

Wang, Shaolei; Zhang, Chengxin; Jiang, Shulan; Xia, Qixun; Chen, Linjiang; Jin, Shangbin; Hussain, Irshad; Cooper, Andrew I.; Tan, Bien

doi:10.1126/sciadv.1602610

Cited by 147 publications

(143 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…The electron and charge carrier transport is essential for these processes. Thus, designing fully conjugated polymeric structure, such as benzene‐based, triazine‐based, aza‐fused, and all sp 2 ‐bonded conjugated frameworks, is a promising way for porous polymers to become semiconductive or even conductive. For real applications, the primary challenge is that porous polymers can be available with low‐cost mass production and be easily processible.…”

Section: Fundamentals and Application‐led Design Of Porous Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides 3D porous polymers, the 2D porous polymers with unprecedentedly diverse and controlled structures have attracted decent scientific interest. Tan and co‐workers exploited a class of layered solvent knitting hyper‐crosslinked microporous polymers (SHCPs) via improved Friedel–Crafts reaction using dichloroalkane as solvent, electrophilic reagent, and external crosslinker in a programmed temperature (Figure c–e) . The obtained SHCPs with a surface area of 3002 m 2 g −1 exhibit decent gas storage capacities (4.82 mmol g −1 at 273 K and 1.00 bar for CO 2 ; 12.40 mmol g −1 at 77.3 K and 1.13 bar for H 2 ).…”

Section: Gas Adsorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Porous Polymers as Multifunctional Material Platforms toward Task‐Specific Applications

et al. 2018

Advanced Materials

351

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have triggered serious threats to the survival and development of mankind. Consequently, exploring novel materials with task-specific applications is of fundamental importance for the sustainable development of economy and society. The burgeoning progress of nanomaterials in recent years has demonstrated that porosity is one of the essential factors in determining material properties for possible breakthroughs in their applications. Therefore, porous materials are playing important roles in many well-established applications and emerging technologies for challenging social and economic issues due to their intrinsic characteristics of large surface areas, open channels, and the possible control over the pore environment. According to International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, the pores of porous materials are classified into three categories by their pore sizes: micropores are smaller than 2 nm, mesopores are in the range of 2-50 nm, and macropores are larger than 50 nm. [1] Their pore walls include the organic skeleton (e.g., porous polymers, organic porous cages, and supramolecular organic frameworks), the inorganic skeleton (e.g., zeolites, porous carbons, and mesoporous silica), and the hybrid skeleton (e.g., metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)).Among the developed porous materials, porous polymers have attracted an increasing level of research interest owing to their potential to integrate the advantages of both porous materials and polymers. [2,3] Table 1 lists the characteristic structural features and properties of porous polymers, and gives a systematic comparison to other typical porous materials, such as zeolites, porous carbons, and MOFs. Porous polymers, zeolites, porous carbons, and MOFs share a number of features such as high permanent porosities, large surface areas, and designable pores and voids. However, they are different in several important aspects. The major advantages of porous polymers over many other porous materials are their chemical diversity and easy processability. Compared to zeolites and porous carbons, the synthesis of porous polymers is generally more versatile and can be approached in a way that conforms to the concept of rational materials design. Similar to MOFs, porous polymers inherit the excellent chemical and physical tunability afforded by the versatility of organic chemistry. Furthermore, Exploring advanced porous materials is of critical importance in the development of science and technology. Porous polymers, being famous for their all-organic components, tailored pore structures, and adjustable chemical components, have attracted an increasing level of research interest in a large number of applications, including gas adsorption/storage, separation, catalysis, environmental remediation, energy, optoelectronics, and health. Recent years have witnessed tremendous research breakthroughs in these fields thanks to the unique pore structures and versatile skeletons of porous polymers. Here, recent milestones in the diverse applications of porous polymers are presented, ...

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Section: Fundamentals and Application‐led Design Of Porous Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gas Adsorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porous Polymers as Multifunctional Material Platforms toward Task‐Specific Applications

et al. 2018

Advanced Materials

351

245

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“…Recently, microporous organic polymers (MOPs) such as hypercrosslinked polymers, polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs), and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have attracted increasing scientific and practical interest. The structures and properties of these materials, which are synthesized by bottom‐up methods, can be adjusted via the rational choice of the aromatic units with a range of functional groups.…”

Section: C/n Molar Ratio Band Gap and Catalytic Rate Constants Of Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Band Structure Engineering of Schiff‐Base Microporous Organic Polymers for Enhanced Visible‐Light Photocatalytic Performance

Xiao

Huang

Zhao

et al. 2019

Small

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Recently, microporous organic polymers (MOPs) such as hypercrosslinked polymers, [1,2] polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs), [3,4] and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) [5,6] have attracted increasing scientific and practical interest. The structures and properties of these materials, which are synthesized by bottom-up methods, can be adjusted via the rational choice of the aromatic units with a range of functional groups. For example, a series of poly(aryleneethynylene) MOPs were prepared by varying the "strut" length in the network through a Sonogashira-Hagihara crosscoupling route, [7,8] and it was demonstrated that the average micropore size, the micropore volume, and the BET surface area could be finely tuned. On account of the well-defined porosities and large surface areas, MOPs demonstrate excellent performance for gas storage and gas separation. [9][10][11][12] Moreover, MOPs with incorporated heteroatoms such as S, N, O have unique physical and Schiff-base networks (SBNs), as typical examples of nitrogen-doped microporous organic polymers (MOPs), exhibit promising application prospects owing to their stable properties and tunable chemical structures. However, their band structure engineering, which plays a key role in optical properties, remains elusive due to the complicated mechanisms behind energy level adjustment. In this work, a series of SBNs are fabricated by tailoring the ratio of p-phthalaldehyde and o-phthalaldehyde in the Schiff-base chemistry reaction with melamine, resulting in a straightforward as well as continuous tuning of their band gaps ranging from 4. 4 to 1.4 eV. Consequently, SBNs can be successfully used as photocatalysts with excellent visible-light photocatalytic activity even under metal-free conditions. Significantly, electronic structures of SBNs are systematically studied by electrochemical and spectroscopic characterizations, demonstrating that the enhanced performance is ascribed to proper band structure and improved charge separation ability. More importantly, in combination with theoretical calculations, the band structure regulation mechanism and band structure-photocatalytic property relationship are deeply disclosed. The results obtained from this study will not only furnish SBN materials with excellent performance for solar energy conversion, but also open up elegant protocols for the molecular engineering of MOPs with desirable band structures.

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“…18,19 The preparation methods mainly include precursor postcrosslinking method, 20,21 self-polycondensation method, [22][23][24] and external weaving method. 18,19 The preparation methods mainly include precursor postcrosslinking method, 20,21 self-polycondensation method, [22][23][24] and external weaving method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hypercrosslinked polymers (HCPs) refer to polymers with three-dimensional network structures formed by rigid aromatic monomers crosslinking bridges under Friedel-Crafts alkylation. 18,19 The preparation methods mainly include precursor postcrosslinking method, 20,21 self-polycondensation method, [22][23][24] and external weaving method. 25,26 The monomers include polystyrene, benzyl, and heterocyclic compounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic tubular carbon nanofibers as anode electrodes for high‐performance lithium‐ion batteries

Wang

Chen

et al. 2019

Int J Energy Res

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Summary Novel magnetic tubular carbon nanofibers (MTCFs) are prepared through the combination technique of hypercrosslinking, control extraction, and carbonization. The diameter of MTCFs is mainly concentrated between 90 and 120 nm, and the average tube diameter is about 30 nm. A trace amount of Fe3O4 exists inside the MTCFs with a particle size of 3 nm, which is formed by in situ conversion of the catalyst (FeCl3) for the hypercrosslinking reaction. The MTCFs with high surface area (448.74 m2 g−1) and porous wall are used as anode material for lithium‐ion batteries. The electrochemical properties of MTCFs are compared, and tubular carbon nanofibers (TCFs) prepared by the complete extraction. Electrochemical analysis shows that the introduction of Fe3O4 nanoparticles makes MTCFs have higher reversible capacity and better rate performance. MTCFs exhibit high reversible specific capacity of 1011.7 mAh g−1 after 150 cycles at current density of 100 mA g−1. Even at high current density of 3000 mA g−1, a remarkable reversible capacity of 270.0 mAh g−1 is still delivered. Thus, the novel MTCFs show potential application value in anode material for high‐performance lithium‐ion battery.

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Layered microporous polymers by solvent knitting method

Abstract: Novel layered microporous polymers with high surface area and gas storage were prepared by low-cost solvent knitting method.

Cited by 147 publications

References 66 publications

Porous Polymers as Multifunctional Material Platforms toward Task‐Specific Applications

Porous Polymers as Multifunctional Material Platforms toward Task‐Specific Applications

Band Structure Engineering of Schiff‐Base Microporous Organic Polymers for Enhanced Visible‐Light Photocatalytic Performance

Magnetic tubular carbon nanofibers as anode electrodes for high‐performance lithium‐ion batteries

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