Layered manufacturing of a three-dimensional polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) scaffold used for bone regeneration

Matbouei, Alireza; Fathi, Alireza; Rabiee, Sayed Mahmood; Shirzad, Masoud

doi:10.1080/10667857.2018.1541212

Cited by 22 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…It is worth mentioning that biological characteristics of the PMMA scaffolds have been discussed in our previous study. 18 Table 2 presents the experimental and numerical results of the scaffold stiffness and its porosity. As can be seen, the porosity is in the range of 11%-19%, and the differences between the experiments and the theoretical calculations are very small.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is worth mentioning that biological characteristics of the PMMA scaffolds have been discussed in our previous study. 18…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Laser processing like laser drilling gives the ability of fabricating a specific type of pattern with drilling the specimens. 17,18 The impressive characteristics of this method are accuracy and unlimited accessibility to the vast range of materials such as metals, polymers, and ceramics. [19][20][21] Polymeric materials are widely used in scaffold fabrication for various reasons: its stable porous structure, load bearing ability, and its low cost versus to the other material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental and numerical investigation of polymethyl methacrylate scaffolds for bone tissue engineering

Shirzad

Matbouei

Fathi

et al. 2020

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L:

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A controversial issue in tissue engineering is the development of new methods to fabricate scaffolds that precisely imitate the structure and function of the extracellular matrix. The objective of this study is to propose a new method in scaffold fabrication and investigate the effects of pore topology, particularly gradient structure, on the mechanical properties of the scaffolds. In this regard, poly(methyl methacrylate) sheets constructing the scaffold's substructures were cut by laser and then stacked on each other. Experimental and numerical methods were utilized to evaluate the mechanical properties of the square and circular scaffolds. The results demonstrate that this method has the ability to fabricate interconnected pores with the controllability on their design. It can also give accurate mechanical properties, especially gradient structure eliminating the weaknesses of simple structures. Moreover, a comparison between the scaffolds showed that opting an appropriate structure can lead to a higher porosity with preferable mechanical properties.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is worth mentioning that biological characteristics of the PMMA scaffolds have been discussed in our previous study. 18…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Experimental and numerical investigation of polymethyl methacrylate scaffolds for bone tissue engineering

Shirzad

Matbouei

Fathi

et al. 2020

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L:

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“…1 This procedure has since grown in popularity, with recent data from the National Joint Registry (for England, Wales, Northern Ireland, the Isle of Man and the States of Guernsey) indicating in 2018, approximately 28% of primary hip procedures and 86% of primary knee procedures used PMMA bone cement. 2 PMMA has also shown promise for other biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering, [3][4][5] and as a vehicle for delivering a wide range of therapeutics. [6][7][8][9] Although joint replacements are considered to be one of the most successful surgeries of the 20 th century, data from the National Joint Registry has shown that approximately 14,920 revision surgeries were performed in 2018 for failed hip and knee replacements (7% of all hip and knee procedures), with aseptic loosening being the major cause of failure, accounting for approximately 40% of revisions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative radiopacifiers for polymethyl methacrylate bone cements: Silane-treated anatase titanium dioxide and yttria-stabilised zirconium dioxide

et al. 2021

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Poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) bone cement is widely used for anchoring joint arthroplasties. In cement brands approved for these procedures, micron-sized particles (usually barium sulphate, BaSO4) act as the radiopacifier. It has been postulated that these particles act as sites for crack initiation and subsequently cement fatigue. This study investigated whether alternative radiopacifiers, anatase titanium dioxide (TiO2) and yttria-stabilised zirconium dioxide (ZrO2), could improve the in vitro mechanical, fatigue crack propagation and biological properties of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) bone cement and whether their coating with a silane could further enhance cement performance. Cement samples containing 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25%w/w TiO2 or ZrO2 and 10%w/w silane-treated TiO2 or ZrO2 were prepared and characterised in vitro in terms of radiopacity, compressive and bending strength, bending modulus, fatigue crack propagation, hydroxyapatite forming ability and MC3T3-E1 cell attachment and viability. Cement samples with greater than 10%w/w TiO2 and ZrO2 had a similar radiopacity to the control 10%w/w BaSO4 cement and commercial products. The addition of TiO2 and ZrO2 to bone cement reduced the bending strength and fracture toughness and increased fatigue crack propagation due to the formation of agglomerations and voids. Silane treating TiO2 reversed this effect, enhancing the dispersion and adhesion of particles to the PMMA matrix and resulted in improved mechanical properties and fatigue crack propagation resistance. Silane-treated TiO2 cements had increased nucleation of hydroxyapatite and MC3T3-E1 cell attachment in vitro, without significantly compromising cell viability. This research has demonstrated that 10%w/w silane-treated anatase TiO2 is a promising alternative radiopacifier for PMMA bone cement offering additional benefits over conventional BaSO4 radiopacifiers.

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“…10 Moreover, it is difficult to control the shape and dimension of the scaffolds using these methods. 11,12 Comprehensive researches on conventional techniques were conducted, and in this regard, several polymers were converted into scaffolds by utilizing these techniques. Despite the improvement in conventional scaffold fabrication methods, its physical properties limitations such as porosity, geometry, and controlling scaffold pore size are present.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional printing of truss-like structure for use in scaffold: Experimental, numerical, and analytical analyses

Shirzad

Fathi

Rabiee

et al. 2020

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C:

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Rapid prototyping is a promising technique for the fabrication of tissue engineering scaffolds. It has an inherent capacity to make predetermined forms and structures and also distinct pore architecture as well. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of gradient pore geometries on the elastic behavior of the poly (methyl methacrylate) scaffold under compressive loading. Two kinds of models comprise simple and gradient architecture fabricated by three-dimensional printing. The mechanical properties of scaffolds were investigated experimentally, numerically, and analytically. Moreover, the cell adhesion and proliferation of scaffold were studied under two conditions: chitosan-coated and noncoated. Results indicated that although simple architecture renders higher amounts of mechanical properties, gradient architecture can make elastic regions after each plastic deformation improving the elastic behavior of scaffold at the higher strain value. Additionally, the excellent correspondence between the results of experimental compressive tests, finite element analysis, and analytical method display that the proposed models can predict precisely the mechanical properties of the scaffold. Furthermore, chitosan coating improves remarkably the number of cell proliferation of the scaffold.

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Layered manufacturing of a three-dimensional polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) scaffold used for bone regeneration

Cited by 22 publications

References 47 publications

Experimental and numerical investigation of polymethyl methacrylate scaffolds for bone tissue engineering

Experimental and numerical investigation of polymethyl methacrylate scaffolds for bone tissue engineering

Alternative radiopacifiers for polymethyl methacrylate bone cements: Silane-treated anatase titanium dioxide and yttria-stabilised zirconium dioxide

Three-dimensional printing of truss-like structure for use in scaffold: Experimental, numerical, and analytical analyses

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