Layered growth with bottom-spray granulation for spray deposition of drug

Er, Dawn Z.L.; Liew, Celine Valeria; Heng, Paul Wan Sia

doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2009.04.042

Cited by 19 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Figure 6 depicts the tip penetrations with time at two different temperatures: T = 22 and 90 • C. The tip penetration distance L increases with the load pressure and time [14]. This steady increasing trend reveals that evaporation of water affects the tip penetrations [15].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual characterization of heated water spray jet breakup induced by full cone spray nozzles

Naz

Sulaiman

Ariwahjoedi

et al. 2015

J Appl Mech Tech Phy

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The present work with specific objectives places a greater emphasis on measurements of the breakup lengths and phenomenological analysis of a hot water jet under reduced pumping pressures in still environment. Therefore, visual and comparative studies are conducted on full cone jet disintegration of heated water for low pumping pressures. A further analysis of the grabbed images confirms the strong influence of the input processing parameters on full cone spray patternation. It is also predicted that the heated liquids generate a dispersed spray pattern by utilizing partial evaporation of the spraying medium. The radial spray cone width and angle do not vary significantly with increasing Reynolds and Weber numbers at early injection phases, leading to enhanced macroscopic spray propagation. The discharge coefficient, mean flow rate, and mean flow velocity are significantly influenced by the load pressure, but less affected by the temperature. The fine scale image analysis also predicts toroidal-shaped vortex formation in the spray structure near the water boiling point.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual characterization of heated water spray jet breakup induced by full cone spray nozzles

Naz

Sulaiman

Ariwahjoedi

et al. 2015

J Appl Mech Tech Phy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“… Figure 10 depicts the tip penetrations with time at 80°C heating temperature. It was observed that the tip penetration increases with load pressure and time [21]. Up to 60 ms, there was a linear increase in tip penetration and thereafter a plateau.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Modified Tapioca Starch Solutions and Their Sprays for High Temperature Coating Applications

Naz

Sulaiman

Ariwahjoedi

et al. 2014

The Scientific World Journal

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The objective of the research was to understand and improve the unusual physical and atomization properties of the complexes/adhesives derived from the tapioca starch by addition of borate and urea. The characterization of physical properties of the synthesized adhesives was carried out by determining the effect of temperature, shear rate, and mass concentration of thickener/stabilizer on the complex viscosity, density, and surface tension. In later stage, phenomenological analyses of spray jet breakup of heated complexes were performed in still air. Using a high speed digital camera, the jet breakup dynamics were visualized as a function of the system input parameters. The further analysis of the grabbed images confirmed the strong influence of the input processing parameters on full cone spray patternation. It was also predicted that the heated starch adhesive solutions generate a dispersed spray pattern by utilizing the partial evaporation of the spraying medium. Below 40°C of heating temperature, the radial spray cone width and angle did not vary significantly with increasing Reynolds and Weber numbers at early injection phases leading to increased macroscopic spray propagation. The discharge coefficient, mean flow rate, and mean flow velocity were significantly influenced by the load pressure but less affected by the temperature.

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“…Chlorpheniramine maleate (BP grade, China) was used as a model drug. (18) Granules are irregular in shape (18) "One-pot" system for contained production (19) More spray drying of binder solution Bottom spray Smaller granules (20) Denser granules (20,21) Spherical granules with better flow (21) Slower granule growth (20) Smoother surface granules (22) Higher risk of overwetting Less spray drying of binder solution (23) Need reasonably well flowing feed powders Robust process at low spray rate (21). Tangential spray Supports higher spray rate (24,25) Denser granules (25,26) Less dependent on flow properties of powder feed (26) Material loss due to adhesion to friction plate (26) Powder elutriation only at higher airflow (24) Scale-up designs are expensive and impractical Granule growth is relatively uniform (25) Risk of bed overwetting is high Granules have good flow properties (25,26) Granules have low friability (25) Homogeneous drug distribution (26) …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on Side-Spray Fluidized Bed Granulation with Swirling Airflow

2012

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Abstract. Top-spray fluidized bed granulation with axial fluidization airflow from the bottom of the granulator is well-established in the pharmaceutical industry. The application of swirling airflow for fluidized bed granulation was more recently introduced. This study examined the effects of various process parameters on the granules produced by side-spray fluidized bed with swirling airflow using the central composite and Box-Behnken design of experiment. Influence of the amount of binder solution, spray rate, and distance between spray nozzle and powder bed were initially studied to establish operationally viable values for these parameters. This was followed by an in-depth investigation on the effects of inlet airflow rate, atomizing air pressure and distance between spray nozzle and powder bed on granule properties. It was found that the amount of binder solution had a positive correlation with granule size and percentage of lumps but a negative correlation with size distribution and Hausner ratio of the granules. Binder solution spray rate was also found to affect the granules size. High drug content uniformity was observed in all the batches of granules produced. Both inlet airflow rate and atomizing air pressure were found to correlate negatively with granule size and percentage of lumps but correlate positively with the size distribution of the granule produced. Percentage of fines was found to be significantly affected by inlet airflow rate. Distance between spray nozzle and powder bed generally affected the percentage of lumps.

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Layered growth with bottom-spray granulation for spray deposition of drug

Cited by 19 publications

References 19 publications

Visual characterization of heated water spray jet breakup induced by full cone spray nozzles

Visual characterization of heated water spray jet breakup induced by full cone spray nozzles

Characterization of Modified Tapioca Starch Solutions and Their Sprays for High Temperature Coating Applications

Investigation on Side-Spray Fluidized Bed Granulation with Swirling Airflow

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