Layered Double Hydroxides Are Promising Nanomaterials for Tissue Bioengineering Application

Abstract

Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have emerged as promising nanomaterials for human health and although it has achieved some progress on this matter, their application within bioengineering is not fully addressed. This prompted to subject fibroblasts to two compositions of LDHs (Mg2Al‐Cl and Zn2Al‐Cl), considering an acute response. First, LDH particles are addressed by scanning electron microscopy, and no significant effect of the cell culture medium on the shape of LDHs particles is reported although it seems to adsorb some soluble proteins as proposed by energy‐dispersive X‐ray analysis. These LDHs release magnesium, zinc, and aluminum, but there is no cytotoxic or biocompatibility effects. The data show interference to fibroblast adhesion by driving the reorganization of actin‐based cytoskeleton, preliminarily to cell cycle progression. Additionally, these molecular findings are validated by performing a functional wound‐healing assay, which is accompanied by a dynamic extracellular matrix remodeling in response to the LDHs. Altogether, the results show that LDHs nanomaterials modulate cell adhesion, proliferation, and migration, delineating new advances on the biomaterial field applied in the context of soft tissue bioengineering, which must be explored in health disorders, such as wound healing in burn injuries.

Functionalized Silica Star-Shaped Nanoparticles and Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells: An In Vitro Model

“…Artificial scaffold nanoengineering may offer a breakthrough in tissue regeneration by introducing innovative strategies to enhance the bioactivity and customize the properties of the matrix such as manageable particle size, tunable surface chemistry, biocompatibility, and the large surface-to-volume ratio [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ].…”

Layered Double Hydroxides: A Toolbox for Chemistry and Biology

“…In a very recent work, LDHs have been reported as a promising material for bioengineering application, showing that LDH nanomaterials modulate cell adhesion, proliferation, and migration and demonstrating their suitability in the biomaterial field and in the specific context of tissue bioengineering [207]. In the following, LDH interaction with cells will be investigated focusing on the biocompatibility, the latest applications in cellular differentiation, and the applications in cancer therapy.…”

Layered double hydroxide-based nanocomposite scaffolds in tissue engineering applications

“…15,24 The three main groups of LDHs used in biomedical applications are (I) organic agents entrapped between the interlayer of LDHs, (II) the dispersion of LDHs into a polymeric network, and (III) LDHs intercalated with biological molecules. 25 There have been numerous studies on these three groups, such as bone tissue engineering; 26 however, there are limited tissue engineering studies. Here, we introduced the potential applications of LDHs in tissue engineering applications.…”

“…Among numerous nanomaterials, LDH nanoparticles, nano-sized inorganic clay, have attracted the enormous attention of researchers worldwide due to their advantages, such as biocompatibility, antigenicity, acceleration of the tissue regeneration, biodegradability, bioactive interface, and controlled release of drugs. LDHs is a commonly used nanomaterial in nanomedicine and bioengineering with a unique 2D structure, controllable particle size, 9 and anion exchange capacity, 10 pH-sensitive solubility, thermal stability, 11 chemical stability, 12 high-drug loading efficiency, 13 efficient drug delivery, 14 low toxicity, 15 and biocompatibility properties. 16 LDHs are 2D hydrotalcite compounds having width sizes less than 100 nm, and their anionic exchange capacity and organic/inorganic intercalations make them great carriers for drugs and biological agents.…”