Layered carbide-derived carbon with hierarchically porous structure for high rate lithium-sulfur batteries

Wei, Yanju; Tao, Yingqing; Zhang, Chuanfang; Wang, Jitong; Qiao, Wenming; Ling, Licheng; Long, Donghui

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2015.12.012

Cited by 54 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The advancement of smart electronics and Internet‐of‐Things (IoT) have significantly stimulated the development of functional materials and devices, [ 1–3 ] in particular, miniaturized supercapacitors (or micro‐supercapacitors, MSCs). [ 4,5 ] Manufacturing MSCs with high energy density, long cycle life, and fast charging/discharging rate at low cost remains a major challenge.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Turning Trash into Treasure: Additive Free MXene Sediment Inks for Screen‐Printed Micro‐Supercapacitors

et al. 2020

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Printed functional conductive inks have triggered scalable production of smart electronics such as energy‐storage devices, antennas, wearable electronics, etc. Of particular interest are highly conductive‐additive‐free inks devoid of costly postdeposition treatments to eliminate sacrificial components. Due to the high filler concentration required, formulation of such waste‐free inks has proven quite challenging. Here, additive‐free, 2D titanium carbide MXene aqueous inks with appropriate rheological properties for scalable screen printing are demonstrated. Importantly, the inks consist essentially of the sediments of unetched precursor and multilayered MXene, which are usually discarded after delamination. Screen‐printed structures are presented on paper with high resolution and spatial uniformity, including micro‐supercapacitors, conductive tracks, integrated circuit paths, and others. It is revealed that the delaminated nanosheets among the layered particles function as efficient conductive binders, maintaining the mechanical integrity and thus the metallic conductive network. The areal capacitance (158 mF cm−2) and energy density (1.64 µWh cm−2) of the printed micro‐supercapacitors are much superior to other devices based on MXene or graphene. The ink formulation strategy of “turning trash into treasure” for screen printing highlights the potential of waste‐free MXene sediment printing for scalable and sustainable production of next‐generation wearable smart electronics.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Turning Trash into Treasure: Additive Free MXene Sediment Inks for Screen‐Printed Micro‐Supercapacitors

et al. 2020

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“…From this experiment it can be concluded that it is of central importance to confirm any good rate-capability performance by long-term cycling experiments, which is rarely done. 9,13,15,19,20,22,[31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42] Effect of discharge rate.-For studying the effect of dischargerate variation, the charge rate was kept at the intermediate rate of C/5, to minimize the overpotential without significantly decreasing coulombic efficiency. In a first phase, the discharge rates were increased every three cycles from lowest (C/100) to highest (3C) rate, to ensure complete lithiation during the first cycles.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pitfalls in Li–S Rate-Capability Evaluation

Schott

Novák

Trabesinger

2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Rate-capability tests are widely used to highlight advances in Li-S-system development. Here we show, by studying the individual effects of a number of cycling-and electrolyte-related parameters on a simple Li-S cell, that the rate-capability results are sensitive not only to the applied current but also to the cycling prehistory of the cell. On the one hand, the performance is affected by the order in which cycling rate is changed. Slow initial rates aggravate material loss and reduce the achievable capacity. On the other hand, the results of rate-capability tests are significantly different when the rates are varied only on the charge or only on the discharge. The charge rate does not directly affect the measured capacity, whereas the discharge rate does, especially when discharge cutoff voltages are high, due to slow discharge reactions. High charge rates, however, do affect the long-term stability, which is difficult to predict from usual rate-capability tests. Our findings also provide insights into the relative reaction rates and the influence of the general cycling procedures, underlining the importance of understanding the kinetics of Li-S systems, while designing them for high performance batteries. The lithium-sulfur (Li-S) battery is one of the most promising electrochemical systems for next-generation energy-storage applications, given the abundance of sulfur, its low toxicity, and its high theoretical specific charge of 1672 mAh g sulfur -1 (often referred as well as capacity). However, the commercialization of Li-S cells is hindered by substantial challenges, including the insulating nature of sulfur and of its discharge product Li 2 S, preventing efficient activematerial utilization, and the so-called polysulfide shuttle, leading to a loss of active material and low coulombic efficiency. Considerable improvements on the electrode and cell levels were made over the past few years, alleviating these limitations and, in turn, leading to an exponentially growing interest in Li-S batteries.1-5 From the perspective of every-day battery use, having a high rate capability is very important, and therefore rate-capability tests, in which the capacity is measured while changing the cycling rate (i.e., while changing the applied current), are often employed to complete the characterization of a battery. These tests are also widely used in the characterization of Li-S systems, to quantify the improvements brought about by various enhancements to the Li-S electrodes, electrolytes, their additives, and cells. Although it is known that Li-S cells, due to their complex chemistry, are sensitive to a wide range of parameters, 6-8 the protocols used in rate-capability tests described in the literature vary significantly. A comparison of rate performances reported in publications for Li-S cells using commercially available materials 9-12 is plotted in Figure 1. Despite their similar electrode composition (∼60 wt% sulfur, ∼30 wt% carbon black, ∼10 wt% binder (PEO or PVDF)), they display significantly different rate per...

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“…Commercial graphite anodes suffer from relatively low theoretical capacity (≈372 mAh g −1 ) and sluggish ion kinetics (10 −11 –10 −10 cm 2 s −1 ) upon Li + intercalation/de‐intercalation . Engineering the electrode by nanostructuring or designing porous low‐dimensional materials may result in faster Li + diffusion and thus improve their rate capability . Recently, 2D nanomaterials have attracted huge research attention for their use in LiBs due to their exotic properties .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enabling Flexible Heterostructures for Li‐Ion Battery Anodes Based on Nanotube and Liquid‐Phase Exfoliated 2D Gallium Chalcogenide Nanosheet Colloidal Solutions

Zhang

Park

Ronan

et al. 2017

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2D metal chalcogenide (MC) nanosheets (NS) have displayed high capacities as lithium‐ion battery (LiB) anodes. Nevertheless, their complicated synthesis routes coupled with low electronic conductivity greatly limit them as promising LiB electrode material. Here, this work reports a facile single‐walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) percolating strategy for efficiently maximizing the electrochemical performances of gallium chalcogenide (GaX, X = S or Se). Multiscaled flexible GaX NS/SWCNT heterostructures with abundant voids for Li+ diffusion are fabricated by embedding the liquid‐exfoliated GaX NS matrix within a SWCNT‐percolated network; the latter improves the electron transport and ion diffusion kinetics as well as maintains the mechanical flexibility. Consequently, high capacities (i.e., 838 mAh g−1 per gallium (II) sulfide (GaS) NS/SWCNT mass and 1107 mAh g−1 per GaS mass; the latter is close to the theoretical value) and good rate capabilities are achieved, which can be majorly attributed to the alloying processes of disordered Ga formed after the first irreversible GaX conversion reaction, as monitored by in situ X‐ray diffraction. The presented approach, colloidal solution processing of SWCNT and liquid‐exfoliated MC NS to produce flexible paper‐based electrode, could be generalized for wearable energy storage devices with promising performances.

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Layered carbide-derived carbon with hierarchically porous structure for high rate lithium-sulfur batteries

Cited by 54 publications

References 48 publications

Turning Trash into Treasure: Additive Free MXene Sediment Inks for Screen‐Printed Micro‐Supercapacitors

Turning Trash into Treasure: Additive Free MXene Sediment Inks for Screen‐Printed Micro‐Supercapacitors

Pitfalls in Li–S Rate-Capability Evaluation

Enabling Flexible Heterostructures for Li‐Ion Battery Anodes Based on Nanotube and Liquid‐Phase Exfoliated 2D Gallium Chalcogenide Nanosheet Colloidal Solutions

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