Layered Black Phosphorus as a Selective Vapor Sensor

Mayorga‐Martinez, Carmen C.; Sofer, Zdeněk; Pumera, Martin

doi:10.1002/anie.201505015

Cited by 193 publications

(138 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(13 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

134

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…[86] Another sensor using staked BP flakes was reported to show excellent stability over 3months when exposed to ambient conditions (12 %RH) and an unchanged response for 72 hat83%RH ( Figure 5A). Thel arger surface area maximizes the effect of adsorbed molecules on the host layer, which has been shown to be beneficial for sensors for toxic NO 2 [231][232][233][234] and MeOH [235,236] gases.First-principle calculations indicate that the binding of N-based gas molecules onto BP can either reduce (NH 3 )o ri ncrease (NO 2 )t he current, thus changing the resistance. Thel arger surface area maximizes the effect of adsorbed molecules on the host layer, which has been shown to be beneficial for sensors for toxic NO 2 [231][232][233][234] and MeOH [235,236] gases.First-principle calculations indicate that the binding of N-based gas molecules onto BP can either reduce (NH 3 )o ri ncrease (NO 2 )t he current, thus changing the resistance.…”

Section: Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[235] Thei mpedance phase depended linearly on the MeOH concentration [66] B) Left:C olored SEM image of the top-gated FET using mechanically exfoliatedB Pw ith thicknesses ranging from 8to14nmo naSiO 2 layer. [235] Thei mpedance phase depended linearly on the MeOH concentration [66] B) Left:C olored SEM image of the top-gated FET using mechanically exfoliatedB Pw ith thicknesses ranging from 8to14nmo naSiO 2 layer.…”

Section: Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Black Phosphorus Rediscovered: From Bulk Material to Monolayers

2017

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Phosphorus is a nonmetal with several allotropes, from the highly reactive white phosphorus to the thermodynamically stable black phosphorus (BP) with a puckered orthorhombic layered structure. The bulk form of BP was first synthesized in 1914, but received little attention until it was rediscovered in 2014 as a member of the new wave of 2D layered nanomaterials. BP can be exfoliated to a single sheet that acts as a semiconductor with a tunable direct band gap, a high carrier mobility at room temperature, and an in-plane anisotropy. The development of BP applications is hampered by surface degradation, thus efforts to achieve effective BP passivation are ongoing, such as its integration in van der Waals heterostructures. BP has been tested as a novel nanomaterial in batteries, transistors, sensors, and photonics. This Review begins with the origin of the BP story, following the path from a bulk material to modern few/single layers. The physical and chemical properties are summarized, and the state-of-the-art of BP applications highlighted.

show abstract

Section: Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Black Phosphorus Rediscovered: From Bulk Material to Monolayers

2017

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In brief, BP crystals were grinded into BP powders, and then added into a fl ask with saturated NaOH NMP solution while it was under vigorous stirring for 6 h at 140 °C in nitrogen based atmosphere. Given that NMP is a good organic solvent for the exfoliation of 2D materials, [ 29 ] the saturated NaOH NMP solution has been verifi ed to be capable of improving the stability of the as-fabricated BP nanosheets. [ 44 ] Therefore, the saturated NaOH NMP solution was chosen to produce BPQDs.…”

Section: Preparation and Characterizations Of Bpqdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[23][24][25][26][27] Meanwhile, BP is used in vapor sensor, drug delivery, and cellular tracking systems because of its sensitivity and low toxicity. [28][29][30][31] Mechanical and liquid exfoliation methods have been adopted to prepare BP nanosheets with different numbers of layers and sizes. [32][33][34] Due to thickness-dependent bandgap structure of BP which is tunable ranged from 0.3 eV (bulk) to 1.5 eV (monolayer) [ 26,35,36 ] and anomalous anisotropy, [ 37 ] BP nanosheets show nonlinear saturable absorption properties, [ 38 ] and used as the saturable absorber for fi ber lasers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Solvothermal Synthesis and Ultrafast Photonics of Black Phosphorus Quantum Dots

Wang

Guo

et al. 2016

Advanced Optical Materials

334

103

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

active photo electronic response, [18][19][20][21][22] with some emerging applications such as transistors and photodetectors devices. [23][24][25][26][27] Meanwhile, BP is used in vapor sensor, drug delivery, and cellular tracking systems because of its sensitivity and low toxicity. [28][29][30][31] Mechanical and liquid exfoliation methods have been adopted to prepare BP nanosheets with different numbers of layers and sizes. [32][33][34] Due to thickness-dependent bandgap structure of BP which is tunable ranged from 0.3 eV (bulk) to 1.5 eV (monolayer) [ 26,35,36 ] and anomalous anisotropy, [ 37 ] BP nanosheets show nonlinear saturable absorption properties, [ 38 ] and used as the saturable absorber for fi ber lasers. [ 39,40 ] However, the lateral size and thickness of these BP nanosheets is hardly to be controlled by the liquid exfoliation methods, which limits the investigations of the nonlinear optical properties of the BP with special size.Recently, ultrasmall BP nanosheets (also called as BP quantum dots, BPQDs) were prepared from the bulk BP crystal using liquid exfoliation methods established by Zhang's group and our group. [ 41,42 ] BPQDs exhibit unique electronic and optical properties in association with the quantum confi nement and edge effects. [ 43 ] However, there remains uninvestigated on the light-matter interaction between laser and BPQDs, and the ultrafast and nonlinear optical properties of BPQDs have not yet been studied.In this paper, we describe a solvothermal method in N -methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) to synthesize ultrasmall BPQDs Ultrasmall black phosphorus quantum dots (BPQDs) with an average size of 2.1 ± 0.9 nm are synthesized by using a solvothermal method in a N -methyl-2-pyrrolidone solution. Verifi ed by femto-second laser Z-scan measurement, BPQDs exhibit excellent nonlinear optical response with a modulation depth of about 36% and a saturable intensity of about 3.3 GW cm −2 . By using BPQDs as optical saturable absorber, the ultrashort pulse with a pulse duration of about 1.08 ps centered at a wavelength of 1567.5 nm is generated in mode-locked fi ber laser. These results suggest that BPQDs may be developed as another kind of promising nanomaterial for ultrafast photonics.

show abstract

“…[18][19][20][21] Recently, it has been reported that black phosphorus displays high charge carrier mobility and electrical conductance. 19,22 These properties, together with its better surface-to-volume ratio, make BP a promising candidate for chemical sensing applications. Several papers have appeared recently including eld-effect transistors for nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy for methanol and electrochemical sensing for humidity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%