Layer by Layer Assembly of Zinc Oxide Nanotubes and Nanoflowers as Catalyst for Separate and Simultaneous Catalytic Degradation of Dyes and Fuel Additive

Abstract

Zinc oxide nanotubes and nanoflowers are synthesized using urea as template through hydrothermal technique. XRD confirmed that product is consists of zinc and oxygen atoms forming a hexagonal crystal system with ZnO chemical formula. SEM showed that tubes and flower like particles are formed. ATR‐IR confirmed the presence of Zn−O bond as a functional group. UV‐VIS spectroscopic analysis exhibits that product has a band gap energy of 3.49 eV. Synthesized product due to its outstanding properties such as wide band gap semiconductor and large surface area to volume ratio is used as a catalyst for individual and simultaneous catalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) and Congo red (CR) dyes. The apparent rate constant (kapp) value of individual and simultaneous catalytic degradation of CR dye is decreased with increase in catalyst dosage while kapp value of individual and simultaneous catalytic degradation of MB dye is increased with increase in catalyst dosage. The synthesized product is found more active towards CR dye as compared to MB dye. Small size and high surface area to volume ratio of product also make it a desirable additive for enhancing the efficiency of diesel fuel. Results obtained from fuel additive activity show that as the concentration of nanoadditive is increased from 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 ppm the calorific value is increased which indicates the enhanced efficiency of fuel due to additive.

Acaricidal Potential and Ecotoxicity of Metallic Nano-Pesticides Used against the Major Life Stages of Hyalomma Ticks

“…XRD patterns of the synthesized products were plotted as 2 theta (θ) values vs. intensity ( Figure 1 ). Miller indices of Fe 2 O 3 for diffraction peaks at 2 theta (θ) 22°, 33°, 35°, 46°, and 56° were (012), (104), (110), (124), and (116), respectively (JCPDS # 33-0664) [ 26 ]. The set of 2 theta (θ) values and corresponding indices indicate that the synthesized product was Fe 2 O 3 NPs.…”

A novel study of tungsten oxide nanocrystallites as fuel additive for diesel oil

“…Thus decrease in cloud and pour point values did not allow the fuel freeze in lowtemperature areas that means additive perfectly catalyses the diesel fuel. Thus the engine performs efficiently in such severe weather conditions [37].…”

Investigation of catalytic and fuel additive applications of copper/copper(I) oxide/copper(II) oxide (Cu/CuO/Cu2O) microspheres synthesized by hydrothermal method using sucrose as template

“… -O 2 and  OH are reactive species. These species reacts with azo bonds of dye and catalyze their decomposition into carbondioxide, water and ammonia [3]. Thus a chain of electron is started.…”

“…Chemical and physical properties of nano/micro particles greatly depend on their shapes and sizes. These extraordinary properties of nanoparticles makes their successful use in fields of electronics [1], catalysis [2,3], drug delivery [4] and nanofluids [1]. Nano/micro particles possess different shapes like rods [5], ribbons [6], belts [7], platelets [8,9] and spheres [4].…”