Latin American capitalism: economic and social policy in transition

Martínez, Juliana; Molyneux, Maxine; Sánchez‐Ancochea, Diego

doi:10.1080/03085140802560470

Cited by 20 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This resolution invokes the metaphor we sketch earlier in this paper of regulatory agencies as relatively hollow shells, fleshed out through inter‐institutional competition and collaboration in locally specific ways. If verified through a broader range of empirical studies, this process of local specificity‐driven regulatory forms may well call into question the generalizability of outcome : the sheer diversity of potential outcomes goes beyond even efforts to develop typologies of varieties of regulatory capitalism (Martínez et al . 2009; Murillo 2009; Post 2009; Levi‐Faur 2011b).…”

Section: Part Ii: Redistributive Politics and Regulatory Societymentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the rise of the regulatory state of the South*

Dubash

Morgan

2012

Regulation & Governance

115

119

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This paper, and the special issue it introduces, explores whether, and how, the rise of the regulatory state of the South, and its implications for processes of governance, are distinct from cases in the North. With the exception of a small but growing body of work on Latin America, most work on the regulatory state deals with the US or Europe, or takes a relatively undifferentiated "legal transplant" approach to the developing world. We use the term "the South" to invoke shared histories of many countries, rather than as a geographic delimiter, even while acknowledging continued and growing diversity among these countries, particularly in their engagement with globalization.We suggest that three aspects of this common context are important in characterizing the rise of the regulatory state of the South. The first contextual element is the presence of powerful external pressures, especially from international financial institutions, to adopt the institutional innovation of regulatory agencies in infrastructure sectors. The result is often an incomplete engagement with and insufficient embedding of regulatory agencies within local political and institutional context. A second is the greater intensity of redistributive politics in settings where infrastructure services are of extremely poor quality and often non-existent. The resultant politics of distribution draws in other actors, such as the courts and civil society; regulation is too important to be left to the regulators. The third theme is that of limited state capacity, which we suggest has both "thin" and "thick" dimensions. Thin state capacity issues include prosaic concerns of budget, personnel and training; thick issues address the growing pressures on the state to manage multiple forms of engagement with diverse stakeholders in order to balance competing concerns of growth, efficiency and redistribution.These three themes provide a framework for this special issue, and for the case studies that follow. We focus on regulatory agencies in infrastructure sectors (water, electricity and telecoms) as a particular expression of the regulatory state, though we acknowledge that the two are by no means synonymous. The case studies are drawn from India, Colombia, Brazil, and the Philippines, and engage with one or more of these contextual elements. The intent is to draw out common themes that characterize a "regulatory state of the South," while remaining sensitive to the variations in level of economic development and political institutional contexts within "the South."

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Section: Part Ii: Redistributive Politics and Regulatory Societymentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the rise of the regulatory state of the South*

Dubash

Morgan

2012

Regulation & Governance

115

119

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“…While the new trend of increased social assistance has been found to weaken the region's traditional link between formal employment and social protection (Barrientos ), CCTs have, to date, not significantly altered the overall liberal direction and low redistributional impact of the region's welfare regimes (Martínez et al . ).…”

Section: Ccts' Role In Latin American Welfare Systemsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Between Poor Relief and Human Capital Investments – Paradoxes in Hybrid Social Assistance

Sandberg

2015

Soc Policy Adm

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Conditional cash transfers (CCTs) are often being promoted for their simultaneous advantages of short-term income protection and long-term human capital investments. Yet, existing evaluations have largely failed to test the underlying programme theory, and few empirical case studies have explored inherent contradictions and ambiguous consequences of this hybrid approach. To further understand the programmes' social policy implications, this study identifies and analyzes such ambiguities and paradoxical consequences in the case of Uruguay's CCT-programme, Asignaciones Familiares (AFAM). Drawing on qualitative data from interviews with beneficiaries and members of the commission who designed the programme, this study reveals major paradoxes in AFAM's design and implementation caused by various endogenous factors. Relevant to social policy in general, and CCT-evaluations in particular, findings alsoindicate that the hybrid social assistance approach may have perverse effects on the programme's twin objectives.

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“…The categorization of Latin America's welfare regimes has been done in different ways (see for instance [14][15][16][17]). Aspalter [15] has in addition to Esping-Andersen's three welfare-state regimes [1] (social-democratic, Christian-democratic and liberal) identified one East Asian and one new ideal-typical welfare regime in Latin America.…”

Section: Some Important Differences Between the Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different Welfare System—Same Values? How Social Work Educators in Norway, Chile and Argentina Comprehend Core Social Work and Social Policy Issues

Lyngstad

2015

Social Sciences

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During 2013 and 2014, five focus-group interviews were conducted in Norway, Chile and Argentina in order to understand better how professors at social work programs understand professional issues and controversial social policy issues in their countries. In the focus groups, the participants were asked to reflect upon a vignette which was a fictitious discussion about professional issues and dilemmas in social work practices. Three themes were deployed in the vignette. The first related to different attitudes with respect to how social problems in society should be approached and treated (with a special focus on the relationship between the public, private and civil sectors in solving welfare problems). The second was about social work dilemmas in the contested space between universal equality values and local freedom values/discretion embedded in local self-determination. The third focused on welfare states' principles distinguishing welfare benefits and services and how public welfare policies should be designed. The three countries are very different with respect to variables affecting welfare policies and social work practices. The most profound difference is likely that Chile (and to a lesser degree Argentina) since the dictatorship is highly influenced by neo-liberal policies advocating small public involvement in social policy, whereas Norway is a typical social-democratic welfare state. This fact, however, does not affect the reflections and apprehensions of the issues in a substantial way. The professional attitudes of the professors are surprisingly equal in spite of their different backgrounds.

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Latin American capitalism: economic and social policy in transition

Cited by 20 publications

References 14 publications

Understanding the rise of the regulatory state of the South*

Understanding the rise of the regulatory state of the South*

Between Poor Relief and Human Capital Investments – Paradoxes in Hybrid Social Assistance

Different Welfare System—Same Values? How Social Work Educators in Norway, Chile and Argentina Comprehend Core Social Work and Social Policy Issues

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