Latex content in the anthrax vaccine absorbed

Davenport, Julie; Gomez, Robert; Smith, Douglas B.

doi:10.1016/j.jaip.2020.05.042

“…Thus, the proportion of embryos developing to the blastocyst stage is usually less than 40%. While embryos developing in vivo become blastocysts in 50-80% [37]. One of the strategies for improving in vitro embryo production programs is to change the cultivation conditions, which will stimulate development and improve the ability of embryos to implant.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main factor in the reactogenicity of modern anti-anthrax vaccines is the features of the vaccine strains used in the spore suspension with the addition of preservatives. Therefore, the search for both exotoxin producers and compositions of exotoxin compounds continues [37][38][39], both according to indicators of an allergic reaction and reduction of post-vaccination consequences [34][35][36], also considering the duration of the protective effect and improving the compositions [27; 28]. Immunization of animals [29][30][31] shows a more efficacious influence of exotoxin as the main component of the preparation or the main ingredient of the composition [32; 33].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The creation of vaccines against anthrax based on mutant variants of PA exotoxin, which have lower toxicity and greater immunogenicity, is a promising area in the development and improvement of vaccines. Preclinical and clinical trials of vaccine candidates are being conducted [37][38][39]. Protein-based subunit vaccines are a safe alternative.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2022

Ukrainian journal of veterinary sciences

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“…The creation of vaccines against anthrax based on mutant variants of PA exotoxin, which have lower toxicity and greater immunogenicity, is a promising area in the development and improvement of vaccines. Preclinical and clinical trials of vaccine candidates are being conducted [37][38][39]. Protein-based subunit vaccines are a safe alternative.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main factor in the reactogenicity of modern anti-anthrax vaccines is the features of the vaccine strains used in the spore suspension with the addition of preservatives. Therefore, the search for both exotoxin producers and compositions of exotoxin compounds continues [37][38][39], both according to indicators of an allergic reaction and reduction of post-vaccination consequences [34][35][36], also considering the duration of the protective effect and improving the compositions [27; 28]. Immunization of animals [29][30][31] shows a more efficacious influence of exotoxin as the main component of the preparation or the main ingredient of the composition [32; 33].…”

Section: Notementioning

confidence: 99%

Prospect of using B. anthracis exotoxin in the design of anti-selective emergency preparations

Yanenko¹,

Zaviriukha²,

Vasylieva³

et al. 2022

Ukrainian journal of veterinary sciences

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The relevance of the study is conditioned upon the fact that outbreaks of anthrax are periodically recorded on the territory of Ukraine, not only in ruminants, but also in pigs, fur animals, dogs, and people. The purpose of the study is to investigate the protective properties of the experimental vaccines and the abacillary vaccine “Antracol” and to prove the immunogenic effect of the extracellular toxin from the B. anthracis K-79 Z strain. Cultures of vaccine strains of anthrax were used for the experiments: B. anthracis 55, B. anthracis SB, B. anthracis K-79 Z and the “Antracol” vaccine (experimental development). Microbiological, clinical-biological, and biotechnological research methods were used in the study. The protective effect was investigated on guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus). An acute experiment was performed with a virulent strain B. anthracis 92 Z. Exotoxin was obtained from the specified cultures. The titre of the exotoxin was found in the disk precipitation reaction. The highest result regarding exotoxin production was recorded in B. anthracis K-79 Z 1 : 128 with a total protein concentration of 0.19 mg/ml, while the exotoxin of B. anthracis strain 55 with a titre of 1 : 32 showed a high total protein concentration of 0.4 mg/ml. The effect of B. anthracis exotoxins on the body was investigated by administering them to laboratory animals in different titres of exotoxins, followed by infection with the pathogenic strain B. anthracis 92 Z. The exotoxin of the vaccine strain B. anthracis K-79 Z in a titre of 1 : 64-1 : 128 shows the best protective properties against the pathogenic strain. It was found that the vaccine strains of B. anthracis SB and B. anthracis K-79 Z have the same level of protection of laboratory animals during experimental infection, which is 60%, while the vaccine from the strain B. anthracis 34F2 showed a level of protection of 20%. Based on the results of the study, it was found appropriate to use exotoxin B. anthracis in the development of prophylactic preparations against anthrax. The research results can be used by scientists and specialists in the field of veterinary medicine to develop new and improve the available vaccines for effective anthrax prevention

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