“…The pathologic ear can be identified by applying the Ewald's second law: the quick phases of the most intense nystagmus point to the affected side ( Pérez-Vázquez et al., 2017 , von Brevern et al., 2015 ); but, many times it is difficult to recognize the stronger nystagmus. The bow and lean manoeuvre ( Choung et al., 2006 , Kim et al., 2016 , Lee et al., 2010 ; von Brevern et al, 2015 ; Yetiser and Ince, 2015 ) may be very useful and, in case of cupulolithiasis, the pseudospontaneous nystagmus ( Asprella-Libonati, 2014 , Asprella-Libonati, 2008 , von Brevern et al., 2015 ) can also help to identify the pathologic side.…”