Lateral ventricular enlargement and clinical response in schizophrenia

Smith, Robert C.; Baumgartner, Richard N.; Ravichandran, G; Mauldin, Mary; Burd, Alla; Vroulis, George; Gordon, Jack; Calderon, Marcos

doi:10.1016/0165-1781(85)90019-8

Cited by 29 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Mais de cem artigos foram selecionados e, entre eles, 59 eram estudos que relacionaram psicopatologia com neuroimagem estrutural na esquizofrenia. Destes, 16 foram incluídos nas duas metanálises 1,6,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] e três foram incluídos somente na metanálise II [36][37][38] (Tabelas 1 e 2). Quarenta estudos foram considerados relevantes, mas não foram incluídos devido à impossibilidade de extração de dados (disponíveis se requisitados ao primeiro autor).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Neuroimagem estrutural e psicopatologia: sintomas positivos e negativos e dilatação ventricular na esquizofrenia

Elkis

Kimura

Nita

et al. 2001

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

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Section: Resultsunclassified

Neuroimagem estrutural e psicopatologia: sintomas positivos e negativos e dilatação ventricular na esquizofrenia

Elkis

Kimura

Nita

et al. 2001

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

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“…However, some studies have found increased ventricle-brain ratios (VBR) in recent onset, young schizophrenics (Schulz et al 1983; Turner, Toone, and Brett-Jones 1986), and other studies have found no relation between ventricular enlargement and negative symptoms (Nasrallah, McCalley-Whitters, and Jacoby 1982; Boronow et al 1983; Nasrallah et al al. 1983; Luchins, Lewine, and Meltzer 1984; Owens et al 1985; Losonczy et al 1986; Panderangi et al 1986) or poor response to neuroleptic treatment (Nasrallah et al 1983; Smith et al 1985; Losonczy et al 1980). Difficulty in assessing negative symptoms, as well as the influence of other factors that influence ventricular size, may account for this discrepancy.…”

Section: Structural Abnormalities: Neuropathology and Ct Scansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Studies in Schizophrenia

Meltzer

1987

Schizophrenia Bulletin

131

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The question of whether schizophrenia is associated with structural or functional abnormalities of the nervous system, or both, has become the principal focus of biological studies of schizophrenia. Computed tomography studies have revealed ventricular enlargement and cortical atrophy in a subgroup of schizophrenic patients. While present from the early stages of the illness, they appear to be most severe in patients with negative symptoms and poor outcome. Quantitative neuropathological studies have tentatively demonstrated decreased volume of specific brain areas, neuronal loss, and other changes in the limbic system, basal ganglia, and frontal cortex. Dopamine (DA) remains the neurotransmitter most likely to be involved in schizophrenia, although there is also evidence for disturbances of serotonin and norepinephrine. Post-mortem and positron emission tomographic studies suggest an increased number of D2 DA receptors in some schizophrenics. Neuroendocrine studies reinforce the role of DA in schizophrenics. Viral infections and autoimmune disturbances may be responsible for some types of schizophrenia, but there is no firm experimental evidence to support either hypothesis. The possibility that mixtures of structural abnormalities and functional changes involving DA occur in the same patients rather than independently as part of two syndromes (Type I, II) seems attractive. Future studies should identify subtypes of schizophrenia based on biological criteria and contribute to identification of specific genetic abnormalities which increase vulnerability to manifest the schizophrenic phenotype.

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“…Losonczy and his associates (1986) report a trend for improved response to neuroleptics with increased VBR, but even with generous criteria for response, only seven such patients were identified. Smith et al (1985) added further refinements by comparing per cent changes in symptom scores with VBR, rather than using arbitrary cut-offs for response or ventricular enlargement. Furthermore, by using minimum treatment schedules and measuring plasma drug concentrations, they were able to analyse separately 32 patients who had serum neuroleptics levels within an arbitrary therapeutic range.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response to drugs in schizophrenia: the influence of family history, obstetric complications and ventricular enlargement

et al. 1988

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SynopsisA prospective study of antipsychotic drug treatment showed no difference in response between schizophrenic in-patients with or without a familial predisposition to the illness (N = 53). All patients received at least 600 mg chlorpromazine equivalents antipsychotic medication for 6 weeks. Ventricle brain ratios, ratings of cortical sulcal widening and a history of obstetric complications also failed to account for the variability, but early age of onset was associated with unsatisfactory response.

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Lateral ventricular enlargement and clinical response in schizophrenia

Cited by 29 publications

References 23 publications

Neuroimagem estrutural e psicopatologia: sintomas positivos e negativos e dilatação ventricular na esquizofrenia

Neuroimagem estrutural e psicopatologia: sintomas positivos e negativos e dilatação ventricular na esquizofrenia

Biological Studies in Schizophrenia

Response to drugs in schizophrenia: the influence of family history, obstetric complications and ventricular enlargement

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