Lateral Periodontal Cyst Treated with Enucleation and Guided Bone Regeneration: A Report of a Case and a Review of Pertinent Literature

Abstract

Lateral periodontal cyst (LPC) is an uncommon developmental odontogenic cyst arising on the lateral surface of tooth roots. Commonly reported in mandibular canine-premolar or maxillary anterior regions, it presents as a well-circumscribed or tear drop-shaped radiolucency with a sclerotic border. Associated teeth are asymptomatic and vital, and roots may be displaced without resorption. Histopathologically, cystic lining resembles reduced enamel epithelium along with glycogen-rich clear cells and epithelial plaques. Unilateral variant of LPC has low recurrence and is managed by enucleation. A 43-year-old male patient reported with asymptomatic swelling in the left mandibular canine and first premolar region. Both teeth were vital, and radiographs revealed well-circumscribed radiolucency between the roots. Following consent, surgical enucleation and guided bone regeneration (GBR) with xenograft and resorbable collagen membrane were done under local anesthesia. The immediate postoperative period was uneventful, and complete bone fill of cystic cavity and healing of periodontal tissues was observed after a one-year follow-up. Histopathologic examination confirmed the diagnosis. LPC should be a differential diagnosis in cystic lesions lateral to the surface of a tooth and without any associated inflammation. Based on this case report, unicystic LPC can be successfully managed through surgical enucleation with GBR for better periodontal healing.

Massive Radicular Cyst in the Maxillary Sinus as a Result of Deciduous Molar Tooth Pulp Necrosis

“…Teeth associated with these lesions are vital, which is the main feature that distinguishes them from radicular cysts. The cyst can be also managed through enucleation with GBR to enhance the healing process [10]. Mucocele is a salivary gland mucous cyst most frequently located on the lower lip.…”

“…The present report showed a radicular cyst. Other cysts that can be found in oral cavity in pediatric age are lateral periodontal cysts [ 10 ], mucoceles [ 11 ], glandular odontogenic cysts [ 12 ], and solitary bone cysts [ 13 ]. None of these lesions is common.…”

Vulnerability and Weaknesses of Eating Habits of Overweight School Children as an Entry Risk for COVID-19

“…Radiographically, it appears as well-defined or ill-defined, unilateral or bilateral, focal or multifocal radiolucencies with different sizes and shapes, they may not be visible on plain X-rays and in some cases, neither on computed tomography [29]. LPC is a non-inflammatory, developmental odontogenic cyst, arising on the lateral surface of vital tooth roots [30], [31]. There is no sex predilection and most cases have been reported in the fifth and seven decades of life [31].…”

“…There is no sex predilection and most cases have been reported in the fifth and seven decades of life [31]. It occurs most frequently in the mandibular canine/premolar or maxillary anterior regions [30]. It presents clinically as an asymptomatic gingival swelling on the facial aspect between two teeth [30], [31].…”

Oral Hard Tissue Lesions: A Radiographic Diagnostic Decision Tree

“…It occurs most frequently in the mandibular canine/premolar or maxillary anterior regions [30]. It presents clinically as an asymptomatic gingival swelling on the facial aspect between two teeth [30], [31]. Radiographically, it appears as a round or oval unilocular well-defined radiolucent lesion.…”