Lateral Periodontal Cyst: a Case Report and Literature Review

Abstract

BackgroundThe lateral periodontal cyst is considered a developmental odontogenic cyst with unusual occurrence. In most cases it is preliminary diagnosed as a radiographic finding, presenting as well circumscribed or as a round or teardrop-shaped radiolucent area. Due to its location it can easily be misdiagnosed as a lesion of endodontic origin. Final diagnosis should be based on histopatological examination. The purpose of this paper is to report a classic case of lateral periodontal cyst located in the anterior region of mandible and to review the relevant literature which describes the clinical, radiological and histopathological features of lateral periodontal cysts.MethodsA 50 years female patient complained of an asymptomatic gingival swelling in the region between the left mandibular lateral incisor and canine. Radiographic examination revealed a well circumscribed radiolucency with approximately 0.5 cm diameter with a radiopaque margin between the roots of the left mandibular lateral incisor and canine. The adjacent teeth had vital pulp.ResultsA total enucleation of the lesion was performed, and intraoperative examination showed a single lesion with no communication between the cyst's cavity and the oral environment. Histological examination revealed that the lesion was "lateral periodontal cyst of developmental origin". There was no recurrence or complications for 24 months follow-up.ConclusionsThe lateral periodontal cyst can be considered in the differential diagnosis when a radioloucent lesion appears adjacent to the roots of vital teeth. The treatment of choice is surgical removal and subsequent histological evaluation to confirm the diagnosis. Relapses are infrequent.

Lateral Periodontal Cyst Treated with Enucleation and Guided Bone Regeneration: A Report of a Case and a Review of Pertinent Literature

“…The first documented report of LPC in the literature was as early as 1958 by Standish and Shafer [15], who reported a series of five cases of LPC presenting in the mandibular canine-premolar region. LPC is an uncommon developmental odontogenic cyst which occurs in association with vital teeth and is usually reported as a coincidental finding during routine radiograph [2, 3]. Owing to its noninflammatory nature, it is asymptomatic until and unless the cystic lesion is secondarily infected [3].…”

“…Interestingly the epithelial cell of origin of LPC has been debated considerably [2]. Reports from the literature indicate a possible origin from either the rests of the dental lamina, reduced enamel epithelium, or rests of Malassez [3, 5, 6].…”

Quiste periodontal lateral, reporte de un caso

“…La mayoría de ellos tienen menos de 1 cm de diámetro. Las características radiográficas de qpl no son patognomónicas y pueden parecerse a un queratoquiste odontogénico o un quiste radicular lateral (3,9,11,12).…”

Atypical Presentation of Lateral Periodontal Cyst in an Elderly Female Patient - A Rare Case Report

“…LPC is one of the cysts of lower incidence among the developmental odontogenic cysts. 3 They are usually found on routine radiographic investigations unless secondarily infected. The case presented here reports of a symptomatic unusual lateral periodontal cyst in an anterior edentulous area in an elderly woman mimicking a residual cyst clinically and radiologically.…”

“…The most frequently reported location of LPC is the mandibular premolar area followed by the maxillary anterior region. 3 They are usually less than 1cm in diameter. LPC is one of the cysts of lower incidence among the developmental odontogenic cysts.…”