Lateral Asymmetry and Spatial Difference of Iron Deposition in the Substantia Nigra of Patients with Parkinson Disease Measured with Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping

Azuma, Minako; Hirai, Toshinori; Yamada, Kazumichi; Yamashita, Satoshi; Ando, Yumiko; Tateishi, Machiko; Iryo, Yasuhiko; Yoneda, Tetsuya; Kitajima, Mika; Wang, Y.; Yamashita, Yasuyuki

doi:10.3174/ajnr.a4645

Cited by 70 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…In this study, we scanned the head of a healthy volunteer with MRI using the imaging parameters TEs = 9.5, 15.4, 21.3, and 27.3 ms. The TE value of 9.5 ms is relatively longer than those used in previous studies [21] [24] [35]. The QSM algorithms utilized the local magnetic field obtained from the phase data.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, a new quantitative value, magnetic susceptibility, has been utilized in clinical research in addition to the T 1 , T 2 , and ADC values [18] [19] [20] [21]. Magnetic susceptibility is a physical property of a material that may assist with the detection and quantification of specific biomarkers such as gadolinium, calcium, and iron to assess brain physiology and pathology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feasibility of a Direct-Conversion Method from Magnetic Susceptibility to Relative Electron Density for Radiation Therapy Treatment Planning

Ito¹,

Nakajima²,

Saito³

et al. 2017

IJMPCERO

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Recently, several institutions have been developing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided radiotherapy treatment systems. In this study, we examine whether it is possible to perform radiation therapy planning (RTP) using a magnetic susceptibility map obtained using MRI. The head of a healthy volunteer was scanned using dual-energy computed tomography (CT) and MRI. A T2-star-weighted 3D gradient echo-based sequence (GRE) with images taken at four different echo times was acquired using the MRI scanner. The CT images were converted to relative electron density (rED) using a predefined ΔCT-rED conversion table. ΔCT was derived using the energy-subtraction method. The rED map was obtained from a single-linear relationship with the ΔCT-rED conversion table, whereas the magnetic susceptibility map was obtained from quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) via MRI. Subsequently, to obtain the relationship between the magnetic susceptibility and the rED, the rED map was rigidly aligned to the susceptibility map and resampled at the susceptibility map's resolution. Finally, the magnetic susceptibility rED conversion table was obtained via voxel-by-voxel mapping between the two maps. No strong relationship between magnetic susceptibility and rED was obtained in the healthy volunteer's head or in this study. The coefficient correlation between these parameters was 0.0145. Magnetic susceptibility values may be not able to convert to rED using our proposed method in How to cite this paper: Ito, K., Kadoya, N., Nakajima, Y., Saito, M., Sato, K., Nagasaka, T., Yamanaka, K., Dobashi, S., Takeda healthy volunteer's head. In contrast to the magnetic-susceptibility values obtained from the QSM algorithm, which were strongly affected by calcification and iron content, the rED or CT number was not considerably affected by such materials.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility of a Direct-Conversion Method from Magnetic Susceptibility to Relative Electron Density for Radiation Therapy Treatment Planning

Ito¹,

Nakajima²,

Saito³

et al. 2017

IJMPCERO

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“…PD patients also demonstrate increased susceptibility for iron in the nigra contralateral to the most affected side (Azuma et al, 2016). Additionally, increased spectroscopy asymmetry has been observed in PD subjects compared to controls (Seraji-Bozorgzad et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Default mode network differences between rigidity- and tremor-predominant Parkinson's disease

Karunanayaka

Lee

Lewis

et al. 2016

Cortex

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Background Parkinson's disease (PD) traditionally is characterized by tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia, although cognitive impairment also is a common symptom. The clinical presentation of PD is heterogeneous and associated with different risk factors for developing cognitive impairment. PD patients with primary akinetic/rigidity (PDAR) are more likely to develop cognitive deficits compared to those with tremor-predominant symptoms (PDT). Because cognitive impairment in PD appears to be related to changes in the default mode network (DMN), this study tested the hypothesis that DMN integrity is different between PDAR and PDT subtypes. Method Resting state fMRI (rs-fMRI) and whole brain volumetric data were obtained from 17 PDAR, 15 PDT and 24 healthy controls (HCs) using a 3T scanner. PD patients were matched closely to HCs for demographic and cognitive variables, and showed no symptoms of dementia. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) was used to examine brain gray matter (GM) volume changes between groups. Independent component analysis (ICA) interrogated differences in the DMN among PDAR, PDT, and HC. Results There was decreased activity in the left inferior parietal cortex (IPC) and the left posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) within the DMN between PDAR and both HC and PDT subjects, even after controlling for multiple comparisons, but not between PDT and HC. GM volume differences between groups were detected at a lower threshold (p < 0.001, uncorrected). Resting state activity in IPC and PCC were correlated with some measures of cognitive performance in PD but not in HC. Conclusion This is the first study to demonstrate DMN differences between cognitively comparable PDAR and PDT subtypes. The DMN differences between PD and HC appear to be driven by the PDAR subtype. Further studies are warranted to understand the underlying neural mechanisms and their relevance to clinical and cognitive outcomes in PDAR and PDT subtypes.

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“…QSM has been actively applied to study the brains of PD patients (128,129), demonstrating greater sensitivity than R2* in identifying increased nigral iron in PD patients as compared to healthy controls (130-135). The voxel-based morphology analysis by Du et al (132) elegantly demonstrates selective SNc iron increase in perfect concordance with post mortem histology, underscoring the potential of QSM as a biophysical marker for therapeutic effects in clinical trials.…”

Section: Clinical Applications Enabled By Qsm Biometal Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM): Biometal imaging and its emerging roles in patient care

Wang

Spincemaille

Liu

et al. 2017

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

204

178

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Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) has enabled MRI of tissue magnetic susceptibility to advance from simple qualitative detection of hypointense blooming artifacts to precise quantitative measurement of spatial biodistributions. QSM technology may be regarded to be sufficiently developed and validated to warrant wide dissemination for clinical applications of imaging isotropic susceptibility, which is dominated by metals in tissue, including iron and calcium. These biometals are highly regulated as vital participants in normal cellular biochemistry, and their dysregulations are manifested in a variety of pathologic processes. Therefore, QSM can be used to assess important tissue functions and disease. To facilitate QSM clinical translation, this review aims to organize pertinent information for implementing a robust automated QSM technique in routine MRI practice and to summarize available knowledge on diseases for which QSM can be used to improve patient care. In brief, QSM can be generated with postprocessing whenever gradient echo MRI is performed. QSM can be useful for diseases that involve neurodegeneration, inflammation, hemorrhage, abnormal oxygen consumption, substantial alterations in highly paramagnetic cellular iron, bone mineralization, or pathologic calcification; and for all disorders in which MRI diagnosis or surveillance requires contrast agent injection. Clinicians may consider integrating QSM into their routine imaging practices by including gradient echo sequences in all relevant MRI protocols.

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Lateral Asymmetry and Spatial Difference of Iron Deposition in the Substantia Nigra of Patients with Parkinson Disease Measured with Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping

Cited by 70 publications

References 43 publications

Feasibility of a Direct-Conversion Method from Magnetic Susceptibility to Relative Electron Density for Radiation Therapy Treatment Planning

Feasibility of a Direct-Conversion Method from Magnetic Susceptibility to Relative Electron Density for Radiation Therapy Treatment Planning

Default mode network differences between rigidity- and tremor-predominant Parkinson's disease

Clinical quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM): Biometal imaging and its emerging roles in patient care

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