Lateral ankle sprain alters postural control in bipedal stance - part 1: restoration over the 30 days following the injury

Genthon, N.; Bouvat, E.; Banihachémi, Jean-Jacques; Bergeau, J.; Abdellaoui, Abdelkader; Rougier, P.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0838.2009.00935.x

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…15,16 Findings of these studies, however, have been inconsistent. Genthon et al 9 observed postural-stabilization asymmetry during bipedal stance, but Akbari et al 10 reported contrasting results, finding no postural-control asymmetries after an acute ankle sprain. Researchers 13,17 have also reported contrasting findings of postural-control impairments during single-legged balance after an acute ankle sprain.…”

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confidence: 99%

Using Balance Tests to Discriminate Between Participants With a Recent Index Lateral Ankle Sprain and Healthy Control Participants: A Cross-Sectional Study

Pourkazemi

Hiller

Raymond

et al. 2016

Journal of Athletic Training

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Context: The first step to identifying factors that increase the risk of recurrent ankle sprains is to identify impairments after a first sprain and compare performance with individuals who have never sustained a sprain. Few researchers have restricted recruitment to a homogeneous group of patients with first sprains, thereby introducing the potential for confounding.Objective: To identify impairments that differ in participants with a recent index lateral ankle sprain versus participants with no history of ankle sprain.Design: Cross-sectional study. Patients or Other Participants:We recruited a sample of convenience from May 2010 to April 2013 that included 70 volunteers (age ¼ 27.4 6 8.3 years, height ¼ 168.7 6 9.5 cm, mass ¼ 65.0 6 12.5 kg) serving as controls and 30 volunteers (age ¼ 31.1 6 13.3 years, height ¼ 168.3 6 9.1 cm, mass ¼ 67.3 6 13.7 kg) with index ankle sprains.Main Outcome Measure(s): We collected demographic and physical performance variables, including ankle-joint range of motion, balance (time to balance after perturbation, Star Excursion Balance Test, foot lifts during single-legged stance, demi-pointe balance test), proprioception, motor planning, inversion-eversion peak power, and timed stair tests. Discriminant analysis was conducted to determine the relationship between explanatory variables and sprain status. Sequential discriminant analysis was performed to identify the most relevant variables that explained the greatest variance.Results: The average time since the sprain was 3.5 6 1.5 months. The model, including all variables, correctly predicted a sprain status of 77% (n ¼ 23) of the sprain group and 80% (n ¼ 56) of the control group and explained 40% of the variance between groups (v 2 27 ¼ 42.16, P ¼ .03). Backward stepwise discriminant analysis revealed associations between sprain status and only 2 tests: Star Excursion Balance Test in the anterior direction and foot lifts during single-legged stance (v 2 2 ¼ 15.2, P ¼ .001). These 2 tests explained 15% of the betweengroups variance and correctly predicted group membership of 63% (n ¼ 19) of the sprain group and 69% (n ¼ 48) of the control group.Conclusions: Balance impairments were associated with a recent first ankle sprain, but proprioception, motor control, power, and function were not.Key Words: index inversion ankle sprain, proprioception, inversion-eversion peak power Key PointsThe Star Excursion Balance Test in the anterior direction and the number of foot lifts during single-legged stance most strongly discriminated between participants with index ankle sprains and control participants. These deficits should be targeted in treatments. Decreased range of dorsiflexion may contribute to impairments in balance and postural control. The combination of measures of balance, proprioception, motor control, and function predicted ankle-sprain status in most participants.

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Using Balance Tests to Discriminate Between Participants With a Recent Index Lateral Ankle Sprain and Healthy Control Participants: A Cross-Sectional Study

Pourkazemi

Hiller

Raymond

et al. 2016

Journal of Athletic Training

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“…In this train of thoughts, orientation refers to the body positioning relative to the feet while stabilization refers to the dynamic processes involved in the upright satnce maintenance. With this approach, the strategies and compensatory mechanisms between the two legs used for controlling upright quiet stance can be better understood (Genthon et al, 2008;Rougier and Bergeau, 2009;Genthon et al, 2010). In addition, a dissociation of the complex CP displacements into two basic components, the vertically projected center-of-gravity (CG v ) and the difference between CP and CG v (CP-CG v ), brings additional insights for describing the postural control mechanisms (Winter et al, 1996;Rougier and Caron, 2000).…”

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Biomechanical Analysis of Postural Strategies over the First Two Months Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

Rougier¹,

S²,

Barral³

et al. 2012

Motor Control

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To assess the postural strategies developed over the first 2 months following surgery by ACL patients during rehabilitation and highlight the sensory-motor impairment recovery, 21 patients were measured at three timeframes. Three two-legged standing conditions were assessed: with the eyes open, with the eyes closed either wearing or not wearing a knee orthosis. The results indicate that the weight-bearing asymmetry, initially observed (i.e., 56-44% of body-weight), disappeared progressively during rehabilitation (51-49%). The comparison of the plantar center-of-pressure displacements under both sound and operated legs demonstrated noticeable differences that also tended to decrease but without reaching a matched behavior during the last measures. These effects were seen in both eyes open and eyes closed conditions with the greatest effects in the latter condition. Wearing a knee orthosis inferred no particular changes in the postural control behaviors. These data could be used as benchmarks for highlighting the effects on undisturbed postural control of various surgery techniques and/or rehabilitation protocols.

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“…We found no studies in which researchers investigated the effects of pain on the residual impairments of CAI. Given that pain is known to affect functional activity, 11,41 we could hypothesize that participants with CAI who have pain may show differences in various functional performance measures compared with participants who do not have pain. Hass et al 42 demonstrated that chronic peripheral joint injury (ie, CAI) negatively altered the supraspinal aspects of motor control.…”

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The Prevalence of Pain in People With Chronic Ankle Instability: A Systematic Review

Adal

Pourkazemi

Mackey

et al. 2019

Journal of Athletic Training

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Objective To identify the prevalence of pain in people with chronic ankle instability (CAI) and how pain is related to the impairments of CAI. Data Sources We searched the databases of AMED, CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science from inception to March 2017. Study Selection Eligible studies were peer-reviewed research in which investigators reported the presence of ankle pain or assessed the effects of pain on impairments in participants with CAI. Age and language were not restricted. Studies that included only surgical interventions were excluded. Data Extraction Studies identified by the search strategy were screened according to the eligibility criteria, and 2 independent reviewers extracted the data. Outcome measurements were (1) pain ratings using measures such as a visual analog scale and (2) other residual impairments, such as feelings of weakness, giving way, or deficits in functional performance. Data Synthesis Of the 5907 records identified through the database search, 14 studies were included in this review. All authors assessed ankle pain by self-report questionnaires or physical examination, or both. Pain was self-reported by 23% to 79% of participants and present on physical examination in 25% to 75% of participants, depending on the test applied. Among these studies, the highest reported pain level was 4.9 on the 11-point visual analog scale. Studies were heterogeneous for pain measures, participant groups, interventions, and follow-up periods. The relationship between pain and the structural and functional impairments associated with CAI was not investigated in the included studies. Conclusions Pain was present in a large proportion of people who had CAI, but pain levels were low. Information about the effects of pain was not reported, so researchers should examine the association between pain and function, balance, or other activities in people with CAI.

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Lateral ankle sprain alters postural control in bipedal stance - part 1: restoration over the 30 days following the injury

Cited by 15 publications

References 21 publications

Using Balance Tests to Discriminate Between Participants With a Recent Index Lateral Ankle Sprain and Healthy Control Participants: A Cross-Sectional Study

Using Balance Tests to Discriminate Between Participants With a Recent Index Lateral Ankle Sprain and Healthy Control Participants: A Cross-Sectional Study

Biomechanical Analysis of Postural Strategies over the First Two Months Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

The Prevalence of Pain in People With Chronic Ankle Instability: A Systematic Review

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