Latent infection by bovine herpesvirus type-5 in experimentally infected rabbits: virus reactivation, shedding and recrudescence of neurological disease

Caron, Luizinho; Flores, Eduardo Furtado; Weiblen, Rudi; Scherer, Charles Fernando Capinos; Irigoyen, Luiz Francisco; Roehe, Paulo Michel; Odeón, Anselmo; Sur, Jung-Hyang

doi:10.1016/s0378-1135(01)00441-2

Cited by 31 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Virus reactivation may result in the establishment of latent infection in additional sites of the brain [138]. The establishment of latent infection has also been demonstrated in the rabbit model [16]. Reactivation of BoHV-5 can be provoked by the same glucocorticoid treatment as for BoHV-1: 0.1 mg of dexamethasone per kg body weight for five consecutive days [83].…”

Section: Bovine Herpesvirusmentioning

confidence: 98%

Ruminant alphaherpesviruses related to bovine herpesvirus 1

et al. 2006

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-Herpesviruses have mainly co-evolved with their hosts for millions of years. Consequently, different related host species may have been infected by various genetically related herpesviruses. Illustrating this concept, several ruminant alphaherpesviruses have been shown to form a cluster of viruses closely related to bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1): namely bovine herpesvirus 5, bubaline herpesvirus 1, caprine herpesvirus 1, cervid herpesviruses 1 and 2 and elk herpesvirus 1. These viruses share common antigenic properties and the serological relationships between them can be considered as a threat to BoHV-1 eradication programmes. BoHV-1 is a herpesvirus responsible for infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, which is a disease of major economic concern. In this article, the genetic properties of these ruminant alphaherpesviruses are reviewed on a comparative basis and the issue of interspecific recombination is assessed. The pathogenesis of these infections is described with emphasis on the host range and crossing of the host species barrier. Indeed, the non bovine ruminant species susceptible to these ruminant alphaherpesviruses may be potential BoHV-1 reservoirs. The differential diagnosis of these related infections is also discussed. In addition, available epidemiological data are used to assess the potential of cross-infection in ruminant populations. A better knowledge of these ruminant alphaherpesvirus infections is essential to successfully control infectious bovine rhinotracheitis.

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Section: Bovine Herpesvirusmentioning

confidence: 98%

Ruminant alphaherpesviruses related to bovine herpesvirus 1

et al. 2006

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“…Two months after challenge, all calves were subjected to corticosteroid administration in attempting to reactivate latent virus. Dexamethasone (0.26mg per kg of body weigh) was administered intramuscularly for 5 consecutive days as described previously (Caron et al 2002). Calves were kept under observation and samples collected as described below.…”

Section: Vaccination Challenge and Viral Reactivation Of Calvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of a gE-deleted, bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) inactivated vaccine

Silva

Esteves²,

Dezen

et al. 2009

Pesq. Vet. Bras.

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Pesq. Vet. Bras. 29(7): 545-551, julho 2009 RESUMO.-[Eficácia de uma vacina inativada, gE-deletada, contra o herpesvírus bovino tipo 1 (BoHV-1).] O Herpesvírus bovino tipo 1 (BoHV-1) é reconhecido como um importante agente de perdas econômicas em bovinos. Vacinação tem sido amplamente empregada para minimizar as perdas conseqüentes a infecções com o BoHV-1. Reportamos previamente o desenvolvimento de uma vacina diferencial para BoHV-1, baseada em um recombinante do qual a glicoproteína gE (gE) foi deletada (265gE -). No presente trabalho foi realizada a avaliação da eficácia de tal recombinante como vacina inativada. Cinco bovinos soronegativos para BoHV-1 foram vacinadas por via intramuscular no dia 0 e revacinadas 30 dias Bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BoHV-1) is recognized as a major cause of economic losses in cattle. Vaccination has been widely applied to minimize losses induced by BoHV-1 infections. We have previously reported the development of a differential BoHV-1 vaccine, based on a recombinant glycoprotein E (gE)-deleted virus (265gE -). In present paper the efficacy of such recombinant was evaluated as an inactivated vaccine. Five BoHV-1 seronegative calves were vaccinated intramuscularly on day 0 and boostered 30 days later with an inactivated, oil adjuvanted vaccine containing an antigenic mass equivalent to 10 7.0 fifty per cent cell culture infectious doses (CCID 50 ) of 265gE -. Three calves were kept as non vaccinated controls. On day 60 post vaccination both vaccinated and controls were challenged with the virulent parental strain. No clinical signs or adverse effects were seen after or during vaccination. After challenge, 2/5 vaccinated calves showed mild clinical signs of infection, whereas all non vaccinated controls displayed intense rhinotracheitis and shed virus for longer and to higher titres than vaccinated calves. Serological responses were detected in all vaccinated animals after the second dose of vaccine, but not on control calves. Following corticosteroid administration in attempting to induce reactivation of the latent infection, no clinical signs were observed in vaccinated calves, whereas non vaccinated controls showed clinical signs of respiratory disease. In view of its immunogenicity and protective effect upon challenge with a virulent BoHV-1, the oil adjuvanted preparation with the inactivated 265gE -recombinant was shown to be suitable for use as a vaccine.INDEX TERMS: Bovine herpesvirus type 1, BoHV-1, recombinant vaccine, inactivated vaccine.Pesq. Vet. Bras. 29 (7)

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“…Além dos ovinos possuírem algumas propriedades desejáveis em um modelo animal, a presente investigação justiϐica-se por vários aspectos; (i) a cepa SV-507/99 constitui-se na cepa mais estudada e melhor caracterizada de BoHV-5, tanto em nível molecular quanto biológico. Durante anos, esta cepa foi submetida a diversos estudos de patogenia em bovinos (Vogel et al 2002(Vogel et al , 2003, coelhos (Silva et al 1999a, Caron et al 2002, Mayer et al 2006) e caprinos (Diel et al 2007). O SV-507/99 foi submetido ao sequenciamento completo do genoma, sendo a primeira cepa de herpesvírus bovino a ter a sua sequência genômica inteiramente determinada (Delhon et al 2003).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…A patogenia da infecção neurológica pelo BoHV-5 tem sido estudada nos hospedeiros naturais (Belknap et al 1994, Meyer et al 2001, Perez et al 2002, Vogel et al 2003) e em modelos animais. Em particular, coelhos tem sido muito utilizados para estudar vários aspectos da neuropatogenia do BoHV-5, pois desenvolvem a infecção e doença neurológica similar àque-la de bovinos (Meyer et al 1996, Chowdhury et al 1997, Silva et al 1999a, Caron et al 2002. Infecções experimentais com o BoHV-5 também foram realizadas com sucesso em caprinos (Diel et al 2007) e em ovinos (Belák et al 1999, Silva et al 1999b.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Reativação e distribuição do DNA latente do herpesvírus bovino tipo 5 no encéfalo de ovinos infectados experimentalmente

et al. 2011

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Pesq. Vet. Bras. 31(12):1090-1096, dezembro 2011 1090 RESUMO.-A biologia da infecção latente pelo herpesvírus bovino tipo 5 (BoHV-5) tem sido estudada em bovinos e coelhos, mas vários aspectos permanecem desconhecidos. Este artigo relata uma avaliação de ovinos jovens como modelo para o estudo da infecção latente pelo The biology of latent infection by bovine herpesvirus type 5 (BoHV-5) has been studied in cattle and rabbits, yet many aspects remain poorly understood. We herein investigated the suitability of lambs to investigate aspects of BoHV-5 latency. Thirteen six-month-old lambs inoculated intranasally (IN) with BoHV-5 strain SV-507/99 (titer of 10 6.8 TCID 50 / mL) shed the virus in nasal secretions in titers up 10 5.5 TCID 50 /mL, during up to 11 days, developing virus neutralizing (VN) titers of 16 to 128 at day 30 post-inoculation (pi). The inoculated animals developed only a mild serous nasal secretion and transient hyperthermia. Examination of brain sections of ϐive lambs euthanized at day 30 pi by PCR revealed the presence of latent DNA in the trigeminal ganglia (TG, 5 out of ϐive), olfactory bulbs (OB, 5/5), pons (2/5), cerebellum (2/5) and cerebral cortex (1/5). Administration of dexamethasone (Dx, n=4) or ϐlumethasone (FluM, n=4) to eight latently infected lambs at day 65 pi resulted in virus reactivation and shedding by 3 out of 4 individuals in each group. Virus shedding in nasal secretions started at day 3 post-treatment and lasted up to ϐive days (1-5) in Dx treated lambs (titers up to 10 2.8 TCID 50 /mL), was delayed and lasted up to three days (1-3) in FluM-treated lambs (titers up to 10 2.1 TCID 50 /mL). PCR examination of the brains of animals submitted to reactivation, at day 30 post-treatment, showed a pattern of distribution of latent viral DNA fairly similar to that found in those not submitted to reactivation. In summary, the ability of BoHV-5 to establish latent infection, the consistent colonization of TGs and OBs by latent viral DNA and virus reactivation induced by corticosteroid treatment are promising ϐindings towards the use of lambs to study selected aspects of BoHV-5 latency.

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Latent infection by bovine herpesvirus type-5 in experimentally infected rabbits: virus reactivation, shedding and recrudescence of neurological disease

Cited by 31 publications

References 21 publications

Ruminant alphaherpesviruses related to bovine herpesvirus 1

Ruminant alphaherpesviruses related to bovine herpesvirus 1

Efficacy of a gE-deleted, bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) inactivated vaccine

Reativação e distribuição do DNA latente do herpesvírus bovino tipo 5 no encéfalo de ovinos infectados experimentalmente

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