Latent-image and fog formation in silver halide microcrystals by the action of a sequence of light and electric pulses

Abstract

The effects due to the action of a 50 ns light pulse followed by a delayed 300 ns electric field pulse of high strength (1.5 to 3.5 MV/cm) are investigated in AgHal photographic emulsion microcrystals. Evidence is given that the latent-image amplification by field action results from avalanche multiplication of photogenerated carriers in AgHal. The limit of field efficiency is shown to be determined by rapid fog increase, due to field tunnelling of electrons from surface traps irrespective to light exposure. klCCJIeAOBaHb1 3@@eHTbI B AgHaI-MMKpOKpMCTaJIJIax @OTOrpa@WIeCKHX 3MYJIbCMfii, Oiiyc-JlOBJIeHHbIe AeBCTBHeM Ha HHX 50 nS MMllyJIbCa CBeTa M 3aIla3AblBaIoIlIerO OTHOCMTeJlbHO Her0 300 nS HMnyJIbCa 3JIeKTPM9eCKOrO IIOJIH BbICOKOfi HanpHECeHHOCTH (1,5 A 0 3,s m/ Cm). npeHCTaBJIeHbI AOKa3aTeJIbCTBa, 9 T O yC5iJIeHMe CKPbITOrO ~3 0 6 p a~~e~r n~ IIOA AefiCT-BHeM IIOJlH 06ycJIOBneHO JlaBMHHblM pa3MHOmeHHeM @OTOreHepHPOBaHHblX HOCMTWIefi B ByaJIM BCJIeHCTBHe TyHHeJlMpOBaHMH 3JIeHTpOIIOB IlOdIeM M 3 lTOBePXHOCTHbIX JIOBylIIeK be30THOCHTeJIbHO K 3aCBeTKe. AgHal. n o~a 3 a~0 , XITO npenen no~1e3~01-0 Deficmm IIOJIH onpeDenHeTcH 6bIcTpbm POCTOM

Effect of avalanche-type barrier discharge on a silver halide photographic material in the case of blocked ionic conductivity

“…Based on either pho tographic film, two types of samples were prepared. The first (experimental) film was treated with a 0.05% PMT solution for 10 min [13]; the second (reference) film was not subjected to such treatment. After that, both film types were simultaneously placed on either electrode of the capacitor system and they were indi vidually exposed ten times to the avalanche BGD excited in air at atmospheric pressure by single bell shaped videopulses, using a setup whose design and electrical connections are schematically shown in Fig.…”

“…One efficient method for decreasing Ag + mobility is their bonding within immobile complexes using stabi lizers of photographic emulsions, e.g., 1 phenyl 5 mercaptotetrazole (PMT) [13]. Due to the formation of very stable complexes with surface Ag + ions, this substance should have a significant effect on GDI cen ters formed in the case of negative polarity pulses and have an insignificant effect for positive polarity pulses.…”