Late <scp>P</scp>leistocene and <scp>H</scp>olocene Sea Level Changes in the <scp>H</scp>isarönü <scp>G</scp>ulf, <scp>S</scp>outheast <scp>A</scp>egean <scp>S</scp>ea

Kızıldağ, Nilhan; Özdas, A. Harun; Uluğ, Atilla

doi:10.1002/gea.21407

Cited by 16 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Geomorphological indicators such as drowned valleys, a sinuous coastline, a scarcity of beaches ( Figure 8) and the presence of tilted deltaic sequences in offshore sediments all suggest subsidence of the coast of Turkey between 28 • E and 31 • E during the late Quaternary (Figure 8; e.g. Flemming, 1978;Hall et al, 2009;Anzidei et al, 2011;Kızıldag et al, 2012;Özdaş and Kızıldag, 2013;Yildiz et al, 2013;Aksu et al, 2014;Tur et al, 2015).…”

Section: Geomorphological and Archaeological Evidence Of Subsidence Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Subduction and vertical coastal motions in the eastern Mediterranean

Howell¹,

Jackson²,

Copley³

et al. 2017

Geophysical Journal International

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S U M M A R YConvergence in the eastern Mediterranean of oceanic Nubia with Anatolia and the Aegean is complex and poorly understood. Large volumes of sediment obscure the shallow structure of the subduction zone, and since much of the convergence is accommodated aseismically, there are limited earthquake data to constrain its kinematics. We present new source models for recent earthquakes, combining these with field observations, published GPS velocities and reflection-seismic data to investigate faulting in three areas: the Florence Rise, SW Turkey and the Pliny and Strabo Trenches. The depths and locations of earthquakes reveal the geometry of the subducting Nubian plate NE of the Florence Rise, a bathymetric high that is probably formed by deformation of sediment at the surface projection of the Anatolia-Nubia subduction interface. In SW Turkey, the presence of a strike-slip shear zone has often been inferred despite an absence of strike-slip earthquakes. We show that the GPS-derived strain-rate field is consistent with extension on the orthogonal systems of normal faults observed in the region and that strike-slip faulting is not required to explain observed GPS velocities. Further SW, the Pliny and Strabo Trenches are also often interpreted as strike-slip shear zones, but almost all nearby earthquakes have either reverse-faulting or normal-faulting focal mechanisms. Oblique convergence across the trenches may be accommodated either by a partitioned system of strike-slip and reverse faults or by oblique slip on the Aegean-Nubia subduction interface. The observed late-Quaternary vertical motions of coastlines close to the subduction zone are influenced by the interplay between: (1) thickening of the material overriding the subduction interface associated with convergence, which promotes coastal uplift; and (2) subsidence due to extension and associated crustal thinning. Long-wavelength gravity data suggest that some of the observed topographic contrasts in the eastern Mediterranean are supported by mantle convection. However, whether the convection is time dependent and whether its pattern moves relative to Nubia are uncertain, and its contribution to present-day rates of vertical coastal motions is therefore hard to constrain. The observed extension of the overriding material in the subduction system is probably partly related to buoyancy forces arising from topographic contrasts between the Aegean, Anatolia and the Mediterranean seafloor, but the reasons for regional variations are less clear.

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Section: Geomorphological and Archaeological Evidence Of Subsidence Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Subduction and vertical coastal motions in the eastern Mediterranean

Howell¹,

Jackson²,

Copley³

et al. 2017

Geophysical Journal International

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“…Several Mediterranean harbour cities have been studied over the last years dealing with regard to landscape history, utilisation of harbour basins in general, as well as harbour-related facilities such as breakwaters and wharfs (e.g., Reinhardt & Raban, 1999;Brückner, 2003;Morhange et al 2003;Galili, Zviely, & Weinstein-Evron, 2005;Brückner et al, 2006;Kraft et al, 2007;Marriner & Morhange, 2007;Vött et al, 2007;Marriner, Morhange, & Saghieh-Beydoun, 2008;Bini et al, 2009;Algan et al, 2011;Kızıldag,Özdaş, & Ulug, 2012;Stanley & Bernasconi, 2012;Brückner et al, 2013;Hadler et al, 2013;Özdaş & Kızıldag, 2013;Seeliger et al, 2013). For most of human history-from the Stone Age to modern times-harbours have played important roles in terms of trade, travelling, maritime traffic and economic centres.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Purpose and Age of Underwater Walls in the Bay of Elaia of Western Turkey: A Multidisciplinary Approach

et al. 2014

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Pergamum (modern: Bergama) was operating an important harbour used by military forces and merchants at the city of Elaia during Hellenistic and Roman Imperial times. Harbour‐related facilities such as warehouses, breakwaters and wharfs document the importance of this harbour site not only for the Pergamenians. This paper focuses on the purpose and age of six submerged wall structures situated approximately 1 km south of the ancient closed harbour basin of Elaia. Geoelectric cross‐sections and semi‐aquatic coring near these walls failed to detect any solid basement under the walls which excludes their possible use as breakwaters or wharfs. Instead, the walls were most likely delineating and separating evaporation ponds of salt works, which compares well with similar structures from other periods and places around the Mediterranean. Combined OSL and 14C‐dating determined the construction age of the installation between the 4th and 6th centuries A.D. Subsequent (re‐)uses are likely and are in agreement with findings from archaeological surveys.

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“…This study in the Mariana Islands illustrates how to find ancient habitation layers in paleo-beaches that now are buried under some meters of sediments and stranded far inland from their original shoreline-oriented contexts. A similar approach can be applied in other regions, for example as others have done in reconstructing coastlines of California (Masters & Aiello, 2007), lost Pleistocene landscapes of the English Channel (Sturt, Garrow, & Bradley, 2013), and several studies of the paleo-geography surrounding the Mediterranean Sea (Athanassas et al, 2012;Kızıldag,Özdas, & Ulug, A 2012;Stanley & Bernasconi, 2012). Numerous other examples exist, but a full review is outside the scope of this brief illustrative example.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…A similar approach can be applied in other regions, for example as others have done in reconstructing coastlines of California (Masters & Aiello, 2007), lost Pleistocene landscapes of the English Channel (Sturt, Garrow, & Bradley, 2013), and several studies of the paleo-geography surrounding the Mediterranean Sea (Athanassas et al, 2012;Kızıldag,Özdas, & Ulug, A 2012;Stanley & Bernasconi, 2012). A similar approach can be applied in other regions, for example as others have done in reconstructing coastlines of California (Masters & Aiello, 2007), lost Pleistocene landscapes of the English Channel (Sturt, Garrow, & Bradley, 2013), and several studies of the paleo-geography surrounding the Mediterranean Sea (Athanassas et al, 2012;Kızıldag,Özdas, & Ulug, A 2012;Stanley & Bernasconi, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleo‐Terrain Research: Finding the First Settlement Sites of Remote Oceania

Carson

2013

Geoarchaeology

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A paleo‐terrain approach can situate ancient sites within their original landscape settings, as illustrated in a case study of the Mariana Islands in the western Pacific. This example combines computer‐aided terrain modeling with site‐specific excavations to reconstruct the shapes and configurations of landforms during the period of first human settlement of Remote Oceania, 1500–1000 B.C. The results support new understanding of humanity's first contact with the Remote Oceanic environment. The same approach can be applied in other settings to advance programs of site‐discovery and general studies of ancient site settings and ecology.

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Late Pleistocene and Holocene Sea Level Changes in the Hisarönü Gulf, Southeast Aegean Sea

Cited by 16 publications

References 52 publications

Subduction and vertical coastal motions in the eastern Mediterranean

Subduction and vertical coastal motions in the eastern Mediterranean

The Purpose and Age of Underwater Walls in the Bay of Elaia of Western Turkey: A Multidisciplinary Approach

Paleo‐Terrain Research: Finding the First Settlement Sites of Remote Oceania

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