Late quaternary landscape history and archaeology in the ?Ice-Free Corridor?: Some recent results from Alberta

Beaudoin, Alwynne B.; Wright, Milton; RONAGHAN, B

doi:10.1016/s1040-6182(96)90019-1

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Large lake systems had formed around the fringes of the Laurentide ice sheet but the retreat of the western Cordilleran ice sheet had left a broad area of lowland which was gradually becoming colonized by conifer parkland or open forest (ShowTime database). Beaudoin et al (1996) suggest that conifer forest was present in the southeastern foothills of the Rocky Mountains in Canada by around this time. Note that the parkland was probably much sparser towards the ice sheet margins, with a treeless zone of several hundred kilometres resulting from lags in tree colonization in the areas exposed by the rapidly-retreating ice sheets.…”

Section: Paleovegetation Reconstructionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…in the area around 50°-52°N and 110°-115° W, reviewed in detail by Beaudoin et al 1996) still seem to have been very arid. Burns et al (1993) note the absence of radiocarbon dates on faunal remains between about 21,300 and 11,600 14 C y.a.…”

Section: Paleovegetation Reconstructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, this picture may be based on poor radiocarbon dates. In a review of the environmental history of the southern end of the corridor, Beaudoin et al (1996) suggest that most of the vegetation was in fact non-arboreal, with birch shrubs. They note that earlier studies suggested spruce woodland already important in the landscape by this time, but that this is now in doubt because the radiocarbon-dated materials were contaminated by coal and carbonates.…”

Section: Paleovegetation Reconstructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modelling Paleoindian dispersals

1998

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It is reasonable to expect that the global dispersal of modern humans was influenced by habitat variation in space and time; but many simulation models average such variation into a single, homogeneous surface across which the dispersal process is modelled. We present a demographic simulation model in which rates of spatial range expansion can be modified by local habitat values. The broadscale vegetation cover of North America during the late last glacial is reconstructed and mapped at thousand-year intervals, 13,000-10,000 radiocarbon years BP. Results of the simulation of human dispersal into North America during the late last glacial are presented; output appears to match observed variation in occupancy of habitats during this period (as assessed from discard rates of diagnostic artefacts), if we assume that intrinsic population growth rates were fairly high and that local population densities varied as a function of environmental carrying capacity. Finally, a number of issues are raised relating to present limitations and possible future extensions of the simulation model.

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Section: Paleovegetation Reconstructionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Paleovegetation Reconstructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Paleovegetation Reconstructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modelling Paleoindian dispersals

1998

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“…As before, the few sites representing herb tundra from Minnesota eastward were dominated by sedge. Sage dominated the newly formed herb tundra in Alberta, thus indicating drier conditions there (Mott and Jackson, 1982 [chronology adjusted]; Schweger, 1991, 1993;Beaudoin et al, 1996;Mandryk, 1996). The sage could have spread from either the grassland or the alpine tundra to the south, and indeed a distinction of herb tundra from periglacial FIGURE 3.…”

Section: Ka Bpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Quaternary Vegetation History of Northern North America Based on Pollen, Macrofossil, and Faunal Remains*

Dyke

2007

gpq

113

118

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AbstractBiome maps spanning the interval from the last glacial maximum to modern times are presented. The biome distributions at 18 ka BP were probably as nearly in equilibrium with climate as are the modern distributions, but deglacial biomes were probably in disequilibrium. Ice sheet configuration was a strong control of climate until 7 ka BP. Regional climate trends can be inferred from changing biome distributions, but during periods of disequilibrium, biome distributions under-represent summer warming. Because of summer cooling by 2-4 °C during the Holocene, largely in the last 3-5 ka, middle and certain early Holocene biome distributions and species compositions are reasonable analogues of future equilibrium displacements due to equivalent warming, at least in areas that were long-since deglaciated. Past biome migration rates in response to rapid regional warming during deglaciation were mainly in the range of 100-200 m per year. If these rates pertain in the future, biomes may shift 10-20 km in most regions over the next century. A major impediment to using former Holocene conditions as a guide to future conditions is that warmer Holocene summers were accompanied by colder winters, whereas warmer future summers will be accompanied by warmer winters.

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“…Most paleoenvironmental interpretations from western Canada are derived from pollen or diatom records of lake cores (e.g. Schweger, 1993, 1996;MacDonald, 1989;Vance, 1986), with additional data from macrofossil, peatland and vertebrate localities (Beaudoin et al, 1996;Wilson, 1996;Halsey et al, 1998). Dyke et al (2004) describe and map the vegetation history of glaciated North America for 21.4 cal ka BP to present, and include 1000-year BP time steps since 17.4 cal ka BP, based on an extensive compilation of published pollen, macrofossil and macrofaunal assemblages.…”

Section: Dune Actvity In Relation To Late Wisconsinan Paleoclimatementioning

confidence: 99%

Relict Late Wisconsinan Dune Fields of the Northern Great Plains, Canada*

Wolfe

Huntley

Ollerhead

2006

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Late Wisconsinan dune activity is investigated within the present-day boreal forest and parkland regions of the northern Great Plains, Canada, to extend the understanding of the spatial and temporal eolian record. Optical ages from stabilized sand dunes document the timing of past activity. Eolian activity ranges from about 16 ka in west-central Alberta to 9 ka in northwestern Saskatchewan. Between about 16 and 13 ka, dune activity in central Alberta occurred in an ice-proximal tundra setting along the margins of the Laurentide and Cordilleran ice sheets. Predominant dune-forming winds were from the west and northwest. Dune activity continued in this area between about 13 and 11 ka within parkland and grassland settings as the Laurentide Ice Sheet retreated to the northeast. Winds continued to blow from the west and northwest, and the climate was likely influenced by an increasingly dominant Pacific air mass. Also beginning at about 13 ka, dune-forming winds along the margins of the retreating Laurentide Ice Sheet were influenced by anticyclonic winds from the southeast that were maintained until about 9 ka. As the Laurentide Ice Sheet retreated, these southeasterly anticyclonic winds were successively replaced by winds from the northwest associated with the Pacific air mass. Dune activity across the region terminated in a time-transgressive manner from the southwest, at about 11 ka, to the northeast, at about 9 ka, with the establishment of boreal forest vegetation and reduced wind strength.Les auteurs étudient l’activité dunaire au Wisconsinien tardif dans la forêt boréale et la prairie-parc actuelles des Grandes Plaines septentrionales du Canada, afin d’approfondir les connaissances sur l’évolution spatiotemporelle de l’activité éolienne. Les âges optiques mesurés sur des dunes de sable stabilisées permettent de reconstituer la chronologie de l’activité passée. Les âges de l’activité éolienne s’échelonnent entre 16 ka dans le centre-ouest de l’Alberta et 9 ka dans le nord-ouest de la Saskatchewan. Entre 16 et 13 ka, l’activité dunaire dans le centre de l’Alberta a eu lieu dans un environnement de toundra juxtaglaciaire le long des marges des inlandsis laurentidien et cordillérien. Les vents efficaces prédominants soufflaient de l’ouest et du nord-ouest. L’activité dunaire s’est poursuivie dans cette région entre 13 et 11 ka dans des environnements de prairie-parc et de prairie herbageuse, avec le recul de l’Inlandsis laurentidien vers le nord-est. Les vents ont continué de souffler de l’ouest et du nord-ouest, et le climat a probablement été influencé par une masse d’air du Pacifique de plus en plus dominante. Également au début de 13 ka, les vents efficaces le long des marges de l’Inlandsis laurentidien en recul ont été influencées par des vents anticycloniques du sud-ouest, qui ont duré jusqu’à 9 ka. Avec le retrait de l’Inlandsis laurentidien, ces vents ont été successivement remplacés par des vents du nord-ouest associés à la masse d’air du Pacifique. L’activité dunaire dans la région s’est terminée de faç...

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Late quaternary landscape history and archaeology in the ?Ice-Free Corridor?: Some recent results from Alberta

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Modelling Paleoindian dispersals

Modelling Paleoindian dispersals

Late Quaternary Vegetation History of Northern North America Based on Pollen, Macrofossil, and Faunal Remains*

Relict Late Wisconsinan Dune Fields of the Northern Great Plains, Canada*

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