Late Quaternary cryptotephra detection and correlation in loess in northeastern Japan using cummingtonite geochemistry

Matsu’ura, Tabito; Miyagi, Isoji; Furusawa, Akira

doi:10.1016/j.yqres.2010.12.004

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…There is clear evidence of overall cooling due to radiative forcing from the 1982 El Chichón eruption and even more dramatically from the 1991 Mount Pinatubo eruption (Minnis et al, 1993;Grainger and Highwood, 2003). Finally, both primary and reworked tephra particles can be an important component of loess, as documented in South America (Zárate, 2003(Zárate, , 2007, New Zealand (Eden and Hammond, 2003), Alaska (Muhs et al, 2004), Iceland (Jackson et al, 2005), and Japan (Matsu'ura et al, 2011).…”

Section: Formation Of Dust Particlesmentioning

confidence: 98%

The geologic records of dust in the Quaternary

2013

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Study of geologic records of dust composition, sources and deposition rates is important for understanding the role of dust in the overall planetary radiation balance, fertilization of organisms in the world's oceans, nutrient additions to the terrestrial biosphere and soils, and for paleoclimatic reconstructions. Both glacial and non-glacial processes produce fine-grained particles that can be transported by the wind. Geologic records of dust flux occur in a number of depositional archives for sediments: (1) loess deposits; (2) lake sediments; (3) soils; (4) deep-ocean basins; and (5) ice sheets and smaller glaciers. These archives have several characteristics that make them highly suitable for understanding the dynamics of dust entrainment, transport, and deposition. First, they are often distributed over wide geographic areas, which permits reconstruction of spatial variation of dust flux. Second, a number of dating methods can be applied to sediment archives, which allows identification of specific periods of greater or lesser dust flux. Third, aeolian sediment particle size and composition can be determined so that dust source areas can be ascertained and dust transport pathways can be reconstructed. Over much of the Earth's surface, dust deposition rates were greater during the last glacial period than during the present interglacial period. A dustier Earth during glacial periods is likely due to increased source areas, greater aridity, less vegetation, lower soil moisture, possibly stronger winds, a decreased intensity of the hydrologic cycle, and greater production of dust-sized particles from expanded ice sheets and glaciers.

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Section: Formation Of Dust Particlesmentioning

confidence: 98%

The geologic records of dust in the Quaternary

2013

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“…From the Greek word kryptein meaning "to hide", cryptotephras (previously called "microtephras") typically comprise fine or very fine to extremely fine ash-sized (usually <~125 m) concentrations of glass shards preserved in sediments including ice, or in soils (Lowe and Hunt, 2001;Alloway et al, 2007a; grain-size names from White and Houghton, 2006). In some cases, cryptotephras may comprise non-visible crystal concentrations instead of, or as well as, glass shards (Lowe et al, 2007;Matsu"ura et al, submitted for publication).…”

Section: ____________________________________________________________mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tephrochronology and its application: A review

Lowe

2011

Quaternary Geochronology

640

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Tephrochronology (from tephra, Gk "ashes") is a unique stratigraphic method for linking, dating, and synchronizing geological, palaeoenvironmental, or archaeological sequences or events. As well as utilizing the Law of Superposition, tephrochronology in practise requires tephra deposits to be characterized (or "fingerprinted") using physical properties evident in the field together with those obtained from laboratory analyses. Such analyses include mineralogical examination (petrography) or geochemical analysis of glass shards or crystals using an electron microprobe or other analytical tools including laser-ablation-based mass spectrometry or the ion microprobe. The palaeoenvironmental or archaeological context in which a tephra occurs may also be useful for correlational purposes. Tephrochronology provides greatest utility when a numerical age obtained for a tephra or cryptotephra is transferrable from one site to another using stratigraphy and by comparing and matching inherent compositional features of the deposits with a high degree of likelihood. Used this way, tephrochronology is an age-equivalent dating method that provides an exceptionally precise volcanic-event stratigraphy. Such age transfers are valid because the primary tephra deposits from an eruption essentially have the same short-lived age everywhere they occur, forming isochrons very soon after the eruption (normally within a year).As well as providing isochrons for palaeoenvironmental and archaeological reconstructions, tephras through their geochemical analysis allow insight into volcanic and magmatic processes, and provide a comprehensive record of explosive volcanism and recurrence rates in the Quaternary (or earlier) that can be used to establish time-space relationships of relevance to volcanic hazard analysis.The basis and application of tephrochronology as a central stratigraphic and geochronological tool for Quaternary studies are presented and discussed in this review. Topics covered include principles of tephrochronology, defining isochrons, tephra nomenclature, mapping and correlating tephras from proximal to distal locations at metre-through to sub-3 millimetre-scale, cryptotephras, mineralogical and geochemical fingerprinting methods, numerical and statistical correlation techniques, and developments and applications in dating including the use of flexible depositional age-modelling techniques based on Bayesian statistics.Along with reference to wide-ranging examples and the identification of important recent advances in tephrochronology, such as the development of new geoanalytical approaches that enable individual small glass shards to be analysed near-routinely for major, trace, and rare-earth elements, potential problems such as miscorrelation, erroneous-age transfer, and tephra reworking and taphonomy (especially relating to cryptotephras) are also examined. Some of the challenges for future tephrochronological studies include refining geochemical analytical methods further, improving understanding of cryptotephra dis...

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“…The tephrostratigraphy between Toya and Aso-4 in northern Honshu includes SK (MIS 5c), On-Pm1 (MIS 5c), Dokusawa (Dks, MIS 5b-5c), Towada-Aosuji (To-AP, MIS 5b-5d), and Towada-Castera (To-CP, MIS 5b-5d) in ascending order (Machida and Arai, 2003;Matsu'ura et al, 2011).…”

Section: Spikes G11-g14 Are Glass Shard Spikes Betweenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Late Pleistocene tephras and cryptotephras using major element chemistry of glass shards from Chikyu C9001C cores, NW Pacific Ocean

Matsu’ura

Komatsubara

2018

JAMSTEC Rep. Res. Dev.

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We reinvestigated tephra and cryptotephra stratigraphy of the Late Pleistocene deep-sea C9001C cores collected during the D/V Chikyu shakedown cruise. We identified 26 glass shard concentration horizons (spikes) corresponding to four previously reported tephras (G1, G2, G3, and G4 from top to bottom). We newly found three visible tephras and 19 nonvisible cryptotephras (G0.0-0.9, G1.1-1.4, G2.1-2.5, and G3.1-3.3). We newly correlated spike G0.2 with the Towada-Hachinohe (To-H: MIS 1/2, 15 ka), G0.5 with the Towada-Biscuit 2 (To-BP2: MIS 2, 18 ka), G1.1 with the Komagatake-i (39 ka), G1.2 with the Kutcharo-Shoro (MIS 3, 40 ka), and G3.3 with the Sambe-Kisuki (MIS 5c, 100 ka) tephras. Spikes G2.2, G2.3, and G2.4 may correlate with the Towada tephra series (seven correlative candidates), spike G3.1 with an Ontake volcano tephra (MIS 5b-5c), and spike G3.2 with the Towada-Castera or Towada-Aosuji (both MIS 5b-5d) tephra. We classified spike G0.1 as reworked materials of the underlying spike G0.2 (To-H), and the combinations of spikes G0.3 and G0.4 and of G0.8 and G0.9 as the result of repeated reworking of the underlying spikes G0.5 (To-BP2) and G1 (To-Of), respectively. We also classified spikes G1.3 and G1.4 as reworked mixtures of Shikotsu-1 tephra with glass shards from other tephras. The upward decrease of the glass shard populations above spikes G3 and G4 is interpreted as indicating immediate reworking of the tephras after initial emplacement. Whether or not a marine tephra is preserved depends on depositional and post-depositional processes and not simply on the eruptive volume or the distance from source. Nevertheless, cryptotephras recognized by glass shard concentration horizons in marine cores can provide additional datum planes and contribute to marine tephrostratigraphy.

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Late Quaternary cryptotephra detection and correlation in loess in northeastern Japan using cummingtonite geochemistry

Cited by 21 publications

References 35 publications

The geologic records of dust in the Quaternary

The geologic records of dust in the Quaternary

Tephrochronology and its application: A review

Detection of Late Pleistocene tephras and cryptotephras using major element chemistry of glass shards from Chikyu C9001C cores, NW Pacific Ocean

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