Late Pleistocene to present day eruptive history of the Changbaishan-Tianchi Volcano, China/DPRK: New field, geochronological and chemical constraints

Pan, Bo; Silva, De; Xu, Jian; Liu, Songjun; Xu, Dan

doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2020.106870

Cited by 35 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The comparison confirms that the B-Tm ash volume overestimated previously. The isopachs of Liu et al (1998) are compared with the summed thicknesses of tephra deposits from the ME reported in recent works (Machida et al 1990;Sun et al 2017;Pan et al 2020) at sample sites to the east of the volcano (Fig. 3).…”

Section: Comparison With Previous Studies and Tephra Deposit Of The 1815 Tambora Eruptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3). Thicknesses of potentially post-ME tephras (due to the dispute over the presence of post-ME eruptions; Wei et al 2013;Sun et al 2017;Pan et al 2017;Pan et al 2020) are also included as we are more concerned with the maximum thickness. All available observations are at least 50-250 cm thinner than predictions from the isopachs, showing that in the east of the volcano, isopachs of Liu et al (1998) greatly overestimate the tephra thickness distribution.…”

Section: Comparison With Previous Studies and Tephra Deposit Of The 1815 Tambora Eruptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Millennium Eruption of Changbaishan Tianchi Volcano is VEI 6, not 7

et al. 2021

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The Millennium Eruption (AD 946–947) of Changbaishan Tianchi Volcano is one of the largest known eruptions in recorded history. With the help of previously published isopachs and distal ash thicknesses, we re-calculate the bulk volume of its distal eruptive product, the B-Tm ash, as 27–62 km3 and the total eruption volume as 40–98 km3. The updated volume estimates are around half of those estimated by previous studies of this seminal eruption. Our work shows that the Millennium Eruption is a VEI-6 eruption, rather than VEI-7 as previously envisaged, and its magnitude is also lower than previously thought. This has implications for regional frequency-magnitude relationships and may also partially explain the limited regional, rather than global, climatic effects of the Millennium Eruption.

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Section: Comparison With Previous Studies and Tephra Deposit Of The 1815 Tambora Eruptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparison With Previous Studies and Tephra Deposit Of The 1815 Tambora Eruptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Millennium Eruption of Changbaishan Tianchi Volcano is VEI 6, not 7

et al. 2021

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“…Phase 2 of the ME produced agglutinates, multiple tephra layers, and pyroclastic flow and surge deposits (Machida et al, 1990;Horn and Schmincke, 2000;Pan et al, 2017). Some have suggested that there was a short hiatus between the two phases (Machida et al, 1990;Pan et al, 2020;Sun et al, 2017).…”

Section: Overview Of the Mementioning

confidence: 99%

A critical review of the sedimentary record of the `Millennium Eruption' of Changbaishan/Paektu-san volcano

Yang¹,

Jenkins²,

Lerner³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The `Millennium Eruption’ of Changbaishan/Paektu-san Volcano, situated today on border between the People's Republic of China and Democratic People's Republic of Korea, ranks as one of the largest eruptions of the Common Era. Dated to 946 CE, its tephra deposits represent a critical marker spanning terrestrial and marine archives, as well as the glacial record of Greenland. Its geographically extensive footprint, along with the great magnitude of the eruption, have drawn wide attention from scholars working in different disciplines and representing different national and international groups. While much has been achieved through programmes of field and laboratory research, particularly sedimentological, tephrostratigraphic and petrographic studies, a universally accepted stratigraphy and timeline for the eruption episode have yet to be realised. The lack of consensus and discrepancies in interpretations of the deposits reflect, in part, the paucity and ambiguity in interpreting outcrops and historical records of the eruption, as well, arguably, as the geopolitical challenges of conducting international fieldwork in a sensitive border region. Here, we interrogate the scientific literature on the Millennium Eruption with the aims of highlighting points of contention, reconciling disparate observations where possible, and proposing new interpretations of existing data. We hope thereby to provide a clear foundation for future studies to use to build towards a coherent stratigraphic and sedimentological interpretation of the proximal tephra record, and new understanding of the compositional, stratigraphic and spatial variations of the distal deposits. Such a research agenda will lead to an improved reconstruction of this iconic volcanic eruption, which will offer wider implications for understanding the contemporary regional history and archaeology, as well as the potential environmental, ecological and climatological impacts of the eruption.

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“…The results of Sr-Nd isotope analyses are reported in Table 5. All chemical preparations were performed on class 100 work benches within a class 1000 over-pressured clean laboratory; the experimental process refers to Pan et al (2020).…”

Section: Sr-nd-pb Isotopic Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochronology and Petrogenesis of Early Pleistocene Dikes in the Changbai Mountain Volcanic Field (NE China) Based on Geochemistry and Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf Isotopic Compositions

Ventura

et al. 2021

Front. Earth Sci.

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Changbai Mountains intraplate volcanism (NE China) developed above the 500 km deep stagnant portion of the Pacific slab in the last 20 Ma. The more recent activity includes a shield-forming stage (2.8–0.3 Ma), the Tianchi cone construction stage (1.5–0.01 Ma), and a caldera-forming stage (0.2 Ma-present). Detailed studies on the petrogenesis of the volcanic products between the first two stages and the possible role of geodynamics and local tectonics in controlling the volcanism, however, are lacking. Here, we present structural and whole-rock geochemical and zircon Hf isotopic data on Pleistocene dikes of the Changbai Mountains at the transition from the shield-forming to the Tianchi stage with the aim to constrain their age and the source(s) of their parental magma. The dikes represent the shallower feeding system of monogenetic cones and have a NW-SE strike, which is also the preferred strike of the major fault affecting the area and along which the Changbai Mountains monogenetic scoria cones align. The dikes have a potassic affinity and a trachybasaltic composition. Their zircon U–Pb age is 1.19–1.20 Ma (Calabrian). The trachybasalts are enriched in Rb, Ba, Th, U, Nb, Ta, K, Pb, and LREE and slightly depleted in Sr, Zr, Hf, Ti, and HREE with a weak negative Eu/Eu* (δEu = 0.96–0.97). Trace elements and isotopic compositions are compatible with an OIB-type source with an EMI signature. The calculated (87Sr/86Sr)i (=0.705165–0.705324), (143Nd/144Nd)i (= 0.512552–0.512607, εNd(t) = −0.58 to −1.65), and Hf model ages (TDM2) of 1768–1562 Ma suggest that the trachybasaltic dikes were contaminated by a Mesoproterozoic, relatively basic lower crust. The source of the Calabrian trachybasalts consists of asthenospheric melts modified by a subcontinental lithospheric mantle. These melts upwell from depth and stop at the crust-mantle interface where underplating processes favor the assimilation of ancient lower crust material. During the ascent to the surface along deep-seated crustal discontinuities, these magmas weakly differentiate.

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Late Pleistocene to present day eruptive history of the Changbaishan-Tianchi Volcano, China/DPRK: New field, geochronological and chemical constraints

Cited by 35 publications

References 56 publications

The Millennium Eruption of Changbaishan Tianchi Volcano is VEI 6, not 7

The Millennium Eruption of Changbaishan Tianchi Volcano is VEI 6, not 7

A critical review of the sedimentary record of the `Millennium Eruption' of Changbaishan/Paektu-san volcano

Geochronology and Petrogenesis of Early Pleistocene Dikes in the Changbai Mountain Volcanic Field (NE China) Based on Geochemistry and Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf Isotopic Compositions

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