Late Pleistocene and Holocene paleoenvironmental reconstruction of a drowned karst isolation basin (Lošinj Channel, NE Adriatic Sea)

Brunović, Dea; Miko, Slobodan; Hasan, Ozren; Papatheodorou, George; Ilijanić, Nikolina; Miserocchi, Stefano; Correggiari, A.; Geraga, Maria

doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2020.109587

Cited by 39 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…The age and lithology of the recognized seismic units, at this moment, can only be assumed and correlated with other previously published studies (Juračić et al, 1998;Brunović et al, 2020) because of the lack of sediment cores collected in the Rijeka Bay. Accordingly, the lower seismic unit (Unit 2) can be interpreted as Late Pleistocene lacustrine/riverine sediments ( Figure 10).…”

Section: Indicators Of Neotectonic Deformations In High-resolution Shsupporting

confidence: 58%

Active Tectonics in the Kvarner Region (External Dinarides, Croatia)—An Alternative Approach Based on Focused Geological Mapping, 3D Seismological, and Shallow Seismic Imaging Data

et al. 2020

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Active tectonics in long-lived orogenic belts usually manifests on the preexisting inherited structures. In the Kvarner region of the External Dinarides, an area with low-to-moderate seismicity related to the Adriatic microplate (Adria) northward movement, we deal with faults in predominantly carbonate rocks within tectonically complex NW-SE striking fold-and-thrust belt, which makes the identification and parametrization of the active structures challenging. Moreover, anthropogenic modifications greatly complicate access to the surface geological and geomorphological data. This paper demonstrates results of focused multidisciplinary research, from surface geological mapping and offshore shallow seismic surveys to earthquake focal mechanisms, as an active fault identification and parametrization kit, with a final goal to produce an across-methodological integrated model of the identified features in the future. Reverse, normal, and strike-slip orogen-parallel (longitudinal) to transverse faults were identified during geological mapping, but there is no clear evidence of their mutual relations and possible recent activity. The focal mechanisms calculated from the instrumental record include weak-to-moderate earthquakes and show solutions for all faulting types in the upper crust, compatible with the NE-SW oriented principal stress direction, with the stronger events favoring reverse and strike-slip faulting. The 3D spatial and temporal distribution of recent earthquake hypocenters indicate their clustering along predominantly subvertical transversal and steeply NE-dipping longitudinal planes. High-resolution shallow seismic geoacoustical survey (subbottom profiler) of the Quaternary sediments in the Rijeka Bay revealed local tectonic deformations of the stratified Late Pleistocene deposits that, along with overlaying mass-transport deposits, could imply prehistorical strong earthquake effects. Neotectonic faults onshore are tentatively recognized as highly fractured zones characterized by enhanced weathering, but there is no evidence for its recent activity. Thus, it seems that the active faults are blind and situated below the thin-skinned and highly deformed early-orogenic tectonic cover of the Adria. A strain accumulating deeper in the crust is probably irregularly redistributed near the surface along the preexisting fault network formed during the earlier phases of the Dinaric orogenesis. The results indicate a need for further multidisciplinary research that will contribute to a better seismic hazard assessment in the densely populated region that is also covered by strategic infrastructure.

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Section: Indicators Of Neotectonic Deformations In High-resolution Shsupporting

confidence: 58%

Active Tectonics in the Kvarner Region (External Dinarides, Croatia)—An Alternative Approach Based on Focused Geological Mapping, 3D Seismological, and Shallow Seismic Imaging Data

et al. 2020

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“…The differences in the intensity of bioturbation between (i) perturbation regimes with limited mixing by bioturbation and (ii) background regimes with intense and deep mixing by bioturbation can thus generate a dichotomy in the resolution of the marine fossil record on continental shelves. On one hand, the majority of the fossil record that formed in shelf ecosystems with intense bioturbation is probably averaged to centuries or millennia and rich in gaps [65], as is also observed in the nothern Adriatic Sea [66,67]. On the other hand, the window for preservation of highly resolved ecological dynamic opens in the aftermath of anoxic and hypoxic events (leading to limited or totally absent bioturbation, [68][69][70][71]) on the present-day marine shelves and was probably open in the wake of major ecosystem perturbations in the geological past [73][74].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Ecological regime shift preserved in the Anthropocene stratigraphic record

et al. 2020

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Palaeoecological data are unique historical archives that extend back far beyond the last several decades of ecological observations. However, the fossil record of continental shelves has been perceived as too coarse (with centennial-millennial resolution) and incomplete to detect processes occurring at yearly or decadal scales relevant to ecology and conservation. Here, we show that the youngest (Anthropocene) fossil record on the northern Adriatic continental shelf provides decadal-scale resolution that accurately documents an abrupt ecological change affecting benthic communities during the twentieth century. The magnitude and the duration of the twentieth century shift in body size of the bivalve Corbula gibba is unprecedented given that regional populations of this species were dominated by small-size classes throughout the Holocene. The shift coincided with compositional changes in benthic assemblages, driven by an increase from approximately 25% to approximately 70% in median per-assemblage abundance of C. gibba . This regime shift increase occurred preferentially at sites that experienced at least one hypoxic event per decade in the twentieth century. Larger size and higher abundance of C. gibba probably reflect ecological release as it coincides with an increase in the frequency of seasonal hypoxia that triggered mass mortality of competitors and predators. Higher frequency of hypoxic events is coupled with a decline in the depth of intense sediment mixing by burrowing benthic organisms from several decimetres to less than 20 cm, significantly improving the stratigraphic resolution of the Anthropocene fossil record and making it possible to detect sub-centennial ecological changes on continental shelves.

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“…On the other side of the north Adriatic Sea, in Lošinj (Croatia), Brunović et al [77] attributed a deposit found at about -50 m, in a brackish-to freshwater lacustrine body, to MIS 3. Antonioli et al [56], in a review paper on the use of submerged speleothems in the Mediterranean Sea, provided helpful information about sea level during MIS 3 for several areas of the Mediterranean basin.…”

Section: A Mediterranean Mis3 Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

New Evidence of MIS 3 Relative Sea Level Changes from the Messina Strait, Calabria (Italy)

Antonioli¹,

Calcagnile²,

Ferranti³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Investigation of sea-level positions during the highly-dynamic Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS 3: 29-61 kyrs BP) proves difficult because: i) in stable and subsiding areas, coeval coastal sediments are currently submerged at depths of few to several tens of meters below present sea level; ii) in uplifting areas, the preservation of geomorphic features and sedimentary records is limited due to the erosion occurred during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) with sea level at depth of -130 m, followed by marine transgression that determined the development of ravinement surfaces. This study discusses previous research in the Mediterranean and elsewhere, and describes new fossiliferous marine deposits laying on metamorphic bedrock of Cannitello (Calabria, Italy). Radiocarbon ages of marine shells (about 43 kyrs cal BP) indicate that these deposits, presently between 28 and 30 meters above sea level, formed during MIS 3.1. Elevation correction of the Cannitello outcrops (considered in an intermediate-to-far-field position with respect to the ice sheet) with the local vertical tectonic rate and Glacial Isostatic Adjustment (GIA) rate allows to propose a revision of the eustatic depth for this highstand. Our results are consistent with recently proposed estimates based on a novel ice sheet modelling technique.

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Late Pleistocene and Holocene paleoenvironmental reconstruction of a drowned karst isolation basin (Lošinj Channel, NE Adriatic Sea)

Cited by 39 publications

References 106 publications

Active Tectonics in the Kvarner Region (External Dinarides, Croatia)—An Alternative Approach Based on Focused Geological Mapping, 3D Seismological, and Shallow Seismic Imaging Data

Active Tectonics in the Kvarner Region (External Dinarides, Croatia)—An Alternative Approach Based on Focused Geological Mapping, 3D Seismological, and Shallow Seismic Imaging Data

Ecological regime shift preserved in the Anthropocene stratigraphic record

New Evidence of MIS 3 Relative Sea Level Changes from the Messina Strait, Calabria (Italy)

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