Late Paleoindian Components Along the Dempsey Divide

Thurmond, J. Peter

doi:10.1080/2052546.1990.11909583

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…is apparent elsewhere on the Great Plains. Some Paleoindian-age eolian deposition is documented in western Oklahoma (Thurmond and Wyckoff, 1998). On the Colorado Piedmont and High Plains of eastern Colorado, Clovis artifacts are reported in association with alluvium or indicators of high-water-table conditions (e.g., Holliday, 1987b;Reider, 1990;McFaul et al, 1994;Haynes et al, 1998).…”

Section: Episodic Drying During the Folsom Droughtmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The paleoclimatic significance of some of the eolian deposits on the Central Plains and Rolling Plains is difficult to assess, however. Many of the localities are near major drainages which probably provided an abundant supply of sand (e.g., the South Platte and Red rivers) (e.g., Muhs et al, 1996, p. 147) or are located in proximity to extensive sand sources (e.g., the Ogallala Formation in western Oklahoma) (Thurmond and Wyckoff, 1998). However, regional aridity almost certainly accounted for sediment movement in some of the large dune fields (Muhs et al, 1996, Muhs et al, 1999.…”

Section: Episodic Drying During the Folsom Droughtmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Folsom Drought and Episodic Drying on the Southern High Plains from 10,900–10,200¹⁴C yr B.P

Holliday

2000

Quat. res.

119

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The paleoenvironments of late Pleistocene and early Holocene time on the Southern High Plains have been studied for decades, but regionally extensive or long-term, easily recoverable proxy climate indicators are difficult to find. The stratigraphy of valley fill and upland eolian deposits and stable-carbon isotope data, in addition to geographically limited paleontological data, now provide clues to the environment during this time, which includes the earliest, or Paleoindian period (∼11,200–8000 14C yr B.P.) of human occupation. During the Clovis occupation (∼11,200–10,900 14C yr B.P.), valleys contained perennial streams. This was followed in Folsom time (10,900–10,200 14C yr B.P.) by an abrupt change to lakes and ponds (with water levels fluctuating between several meters depth and no surface water) and marshes and accumulation of sheet sands on uplands, starting the earliest phase of construction of the regional dune fields. These changing conditions indicate a shift from relatively wetter to relatively drier conditions with episodic drought. Stable-C isotopes further indicate that warming characterized the Clovis–Folsom transition. During the rest of the Paleoindian period the environment was relatively cool but fluctuated between wetter and drier conditions with an overall trend toward drying that resulted in further enlargement of the dune fields and culminated in the warm, dry Altithermal beginning ∼8000 14C yr B.P. Clovis time probably was the wettest of any Paleoindian period in terms of runoff and spring discharge. The Folsom period was drier and was the earliest episode of regional wind erosion and eolian deposition and may have been the warmest of Paleoindian times. Evidence of a previously hypothesized “Clovis drought” in this region is sparse.

show abstract

Section: Episodic Drying During the Folsom Droughtmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Episodic Drying During the Folsom Droughtmentioning

confidence: 99%

Folsom Drought and Episodic Drying on the Southern High Plains from 10,900–10,200¹⁴C yr B.P

Holliday

2000

Quat. res.

119

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Early Holocene Paleoindian deposits at Nall Playa, Oklahoma Panhandle, U.S.A.

2002

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fieldwork conducted at the Nall North locale and the adjacent playa documents buried Paleoindian deposits and a stratigraphic sequence dating back to the late Pleistocene. Cultural debris recovered from the surface of Nall North includes bone, tools, and lithic flake debris. Two buried paleosols at the locale date to the early Holocene and hold high potential for Paleoindian materials. The Baker paleosol, a stabilized surface above the shoreline of the adjacent playa lake, dated between ca. 6870 and 7740 yr B.P., contains a rich cultural component of tools, flakes, and bone, and represents a potential surface for Angostura and Allen/ Frederick artifacts. Located below the Baker soil is the Nall soil (dated to ca. 9650 yr B.P.) that probably represents a marsh facies of the playa fill. The Nall soil represents a potential surface for Plainview/Goshen-age artifacts, although excavations thus far have recovered no cultural debris. In the playa adjacent to the Nall North locality, a sequence dating between ca. 12,960 and 5310 yr B.P. documents localized spring flow into the playa during the late Pleistocene, followed by several thousand years of playa muds during the early Holocene, and the eventual drying of the playa in the middle Holocene. ᭧

show abstract

Evolution of landscapes on the double mountain fork of the brazos river, West Texas: Implications for preservation and visibility of the archaeological record

1992

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Double Mountain Fork of the Brazos River is an ephemeral stream that flows across the western Rolling Plains of West Texas. Intensive pedestrian archaeological survey, covering some 8700 acres of the drainage, produced a site inventory with a general paucity of identifiable Paleoindian and Early to Middle Archaic components, whereas Late Archaic and Late Prehistoric sites were widespread and found in a diversity of landscape positions. Geoarchaeological investigations were conducted in conjunction with this survey and later testing activities, and suggested that much of this temporally and spatially skewed archaeological record may be attributable to the evolution of landscapes during the late Pleistocene and Holocene time period, rather than original occupation intensities. Most of the landscape in the study area has been subject to erosional stripping, but in selected localities late Pleistocene and Holocene depositional landform‐sediment assemblages of fluvial, alluvial/colluvial fan, and eolian origin are preserved. With few exceptions, however, depositional contexts or stable geomorphic surfaces more than 3000 years old are erosionally truncated, completely absent, or deeply buried. As a result, a bias is imposed that renders older cultural records either poorly preserved or deeply buried and of low visibility to traditional survey techniques. Similar natural formation processes are likely at other locations on the western Rolling Plains, and should be considered during interpretation of prehistoric population dynamics in the area. The biases imposed by such natural formation processes on the western Rolling Plains are slightly different from other areas in the Southern Great Plains of the United States, but in most cases the known archaeological record corresponds with opportunities for preservation and visibility provided by geologic trajectories, and may reflect little on spatial and temporal discontinuities in prehistoric cultural activity.

show abstract

Late Paleoindian Components Along the Dempsey Divide

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Folsom Drought and Episodic Drying on the Southern High Plains from 10,900–10,200¹⁴C yr B.P

Folsom Drought and Episodic Drying on the Southern High Plains from 10,900–10,200¹⁴C yr B.P

Early Holocene Paleoindian deposits at Nall Playa, Oklahoma Panhandle, U.S.A.

Evolution of landscapes on the double mountain fork of the brazos river, West Texas: Implications for preservation and visibility of the archaeological record

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Late Paleoindian Components Along the Dempsey Divide

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Folsom Drought and Episodic Drying on the Southern High Plains from 10,900–10,20014C yr B.P

Folsom Drought and Episodic Drying on the Southern High Plains from 10,900–10,20014C yr B.P

Early Holocene Paleoindian deposits at Nall Playa, Oklahoma Panhandle, U.S.A.

Evolution of landscapes on the double mountain fork of the brazos river, West Texas: Implications for preservation and visibility of the archaeological record

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Folsom Drought and Episodic Drying on the Southern High Plains from 10,900–10,200¹⁴C yr B.P

Folsom Drought and Episodic Drying on the Southern High Plains from 10,900–10,200¹⁴C yr B.P