Late-onset temporal lobe epilepsy and dilatation of the hippocampal sulcus by an enlarged Virchow-Robin space

Bastos, A.C.; Andermann, F.; Melançon, Denis; Cendes, Fernando; Guberman, A.; Dubeau, F.; Olivier, A.

doi:10.1212/wnl.50.3.784

Cited by 21 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In some pathological conditions, such as Binswanger’s subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy or ‘expanding lacunae’, the neuropathological demonstration of arteriosclerotic modifications or necrotizing arteritis suggests that alterations of arterial wall permeability may produce the enlargement of VRSs [30]. The term ‘expanding lacunae’ refers to VRSs that may abnormally dilate producing obstructive hydrocephalus [31], dementia [32], temporal lobe epilepsy [33]or even no symptom [34]. Some authors pointed to a possible disorder of brain lymphatic drainage for explaining the expanding character of some VRSs [35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dilated Virchow-Robin Spaces in Myotonic Dystrophy: Frequency, Extent and Significance

Costanzo

Salle²,

Santoro³

et al. 2001

Eur Neurol

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To study the frequency, extent and significance of dilated Virchow-Robin spaces (VRSs) in dystrophia myotonica (DM), we evaluated the cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of 41 patients with the adult form of DM and 41 healthy controls. Dilated VRSs and white matter lesions (WMLs) were rated according to semiquantitative methods. Convexity VRSs were more frequent (68 vs. 34%; p < 0.01) and severer (median scores: 4 vs. 0; p < 0.01) in DM patients than in controls, while lenticulostriate VRSs did not show significant differences in frequency (83 vs. 70%; p > 0.05) and severity (median scores: 4 vs. 3; p > 0.05). WMLs were more frequent (66 vs. 22%; p < 0.01) and severer (median scores: 5 vs. 0; p < 0.01) in patients. Disease duration was negatively correlated with convexity VRSs and positively with lobar (centrum semiovale) WML scores. Dilated convexity VRSs might be one of the initial findings in cranial MRI of DM, preceding the appearance of lobar WMLs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dilated Virchow-Robin Spaces in Myotonic Dystrophy: Frequency, Extent and Significance

Costanzo

Salle²,

Santoro³

et al. 2001

Eur Neurol

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“…[181928] Their presence, increased number, or enlargement could reflect focal hippocampal atrophy. [2930] They could be associated with white matter lesions and cognitive impairment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of hippocampal morphologic variants between healthy elderly subjects and patients with Alzheimer′s disease

et al. 2014

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Background:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with atrophic changes in the temporal lobe. Enlargement of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) spaces, hippocampal sulcus (HS) enlargement, or an increase in the number or size of hippocampal cavities (HCs) could be associated with medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA). In this study, we assessed the relation of these CSF spaces with AD.Materials and Methods:A total 36 demented patients with diagnosis of Alzheimer (Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) ≤25) and 36 non-demented elderly individuals were referred for basic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before initiating anti-dementia therapy in the demented group. Two observers assessed the maximal HS width, as well as the occurrence, number, and size of HCs, and the visual rating score of MTA on magnified coronal high-resolution T1-weighted MR images.Results:The findings of our study indicate that the presence of hippocampal cavity (HC) (especially in the left side) and medial temporal lobe atrophy in demented patients was significantly higher in comparison with non-demented elderly subjects (P ≤ 0.05). There was a significant relationship between MTA and HS width (P = 0.003, r = 0.00323), and it also had a trend to be significant with size of HCs (P = 0.08, r = 0.00314). A correlation between MTA and number of HCs was not detected.Conclusion:HS width is associated with MTA in patients with AD. It may serve as a measure to evaluate MTA for identifying individuals at particularly high risk for Alzheimer progression, and could be employed for selecting subjects for clinical trials or for treatment decisions.

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Risk factors for hippocampal cavities in a marginally housed population

et al. 2022

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Cavities in the hippocampus are morphological variants of uncertain significance.Aberrant neurodevelopment along with vascular and inflammatory etiologies have been proposed. We sought to characterize these cavities and their potential risk factors in a marginally housed population, with high rates of viral infection, addiction, and mental illness. (1) The volume of hippocampal cavities (HCavs) is greater in this highly multimorbid population compared to the general population. (2) Conventional vascular risk factors such as greater age and systolic blood pressure are associated with higher HCav volume. (3) Nonprescribed substance-related risk factors such as stimulant use or dependence, and smoking are associated with increased HCav volume independent of vascular risk factors. This is a retrospective analysis of an ongoing prospective study. We analyzed baseline data, including medical history, physical exam, psychiatric diagnosis, and MRI from a total of 375 participants. Hippocampal cavities were defined as spaces isointense to CSF on T1 MRI sequences, bounded on all sides by hippocampal tissue, with a volume of at least 1 mm 3 . Risk factors were evaluated using negative binomial multiple regression. Stimulant use was reported by 87.3% of participants, with stimulant dependence diagnosed in 83.3% of participants.Prevalence of cavities was 71.6%, with a mean total bilateral HCav volume of 13.89 mm 3 . On average, a 1 mmHg greater systolic blood pressure was associated with a 2.17% greater total HCav volume (95% CI = [0.57%, 3.79%], p = .0076), while each cigarette smoked per day trended toward a 2.69% greater total HCav volume (95% CI = [À0.87%, 5.54%], p = .058). A diagnosis of stimulant dependence was associated with a 95.6% greater total HCav volume (95% CI = [5.39%, 263.19%], p = .0335). Hypertension and diagnosis of stimulant dependence were associated with a greater total volume of HCav.

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Late-onset temporal lobe epilepsy and dilatation of the hippocampal sulcus by an enlarged Virchow-Robin space

Cited by 21 publications

References 2 publications

Dilated Virchow-Robin Spaces in Myotonic Dystrophy: Frequency, Extent and Significance

Dilated Virchow-Robin Spaces in Myotonic Dystrophy: Frequency, Extent and Significance

Prevalence of hippocampal morphologic variants between healthy elderly subjects and patients with Alzheimer′s disease

Risk factors for hippocampal cavities in a marginally housed population

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