Late-onset osteosarcoma after onychectomy in a cat

Breitreiter, Katrina

doi:10.1177/2055116919842394

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Within the general term OSA, several types of and aetiologies for this entity have been described in the literature. These include OSA of medullary or parosteal origin, early‐ and late‐onset OSA after fractures 3,4 or onychectomy 5 and extra‐skeletal OSA in the eye, 6 liver 7 or duodenum 8 . Additionally, radiation‐induced OSA has been suspected 9 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Successful outcome and 1‐year follow‐up after partial iliectomy with limb preservation in a cat with pelvic osteosarcoma

Goffart¹,

Mehl²,

Reif³

2021

Vet Record Case Reports

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A 16-month-old male neutered cat was referred due to a history of right hindlimb lameness over several days. Radiography by the referring veterinarian revealed an osteolytic lesion at the right ilial wing. Haematology and blood chemistry were unremarkable besides borderline values of alkaline phosphatase (74 U/L). For further workup, thoracic, abdominal and pelvic computed tomography (CT) were performed. CT confirmed the presence of an osteolytic mass with additional osteoneogenesis in the right ilial wing and indicated no evidence of metastatic disease. Resection of the mass was carried out using partial iliectomy with preservation of the limb. Histopathology confirmed the mass as osteosarcoma. Follow-up was accomplished by radiographic re-check of the ilium every few months. On the 1-year follow-up, the cat was clinically healthy with no signs of lameness. Follow-up radiographies of the pelvis up until the time of writing this report showed no signs of tumour recurrence. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSISDifferential diagnoses included benign bone lesions such as bone cysts as well as malignant bone tumours (osteosarcoma,

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Successful outcome and 1‐year follow‐up after partial iliectomy with limb preservation in a cat with pelvic osteosarcoma

Goffart¹,

Mehl²,

Reif³

2021

Vet Record Case Reports

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“…Após o diagnóstico citológico recomendou-se a cirurgia para amputação do membro. A medicação pré-anestésica foi realizada com metadona (0,3 mg/kg, pela via intramuscular) e a indução anestésica com propofol (Provive 1% ® ) 4 , 8 mg/kg, pela via intravenosa. Foi realizada anestesia epidural com morfina (Dimorf ® ) 5 , 0,1 mg/kg e bupivacaína (Neocaína ® ) 5 , 1 mg/kg.…”

Section: Casounclassified

“…O diagnóstico é obtido pela união de sinais clínicos, localização tumoral, exames de imagem, citologia e histopatologia [8,20]. Dentre os sinais clínicos destacam-se, no caso de acometimento do esqueleto apendicular, claudicação, apoio em pinça, dor relacionada à microfraturas ou interrupção do periósteo pela osteólise, tumefação local e mobilidade articular diminuída [4,16] podendo ocorrer fratura patológica secundária ao tumor ósseo [4]. A cirurgia é o tratamento de escolha para o OSA apendicular [10,22], e a amputação é recomendada para prolongar o tempo de vida destes pacientes [12].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Cytological and Histopathological Correlation of Feline Giant Cell-Rich Osteosarcoma

Jaretta

Paganini

Pinto

et al. 2020

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background: Primary bone tumours are uncommon and poorly reported in cats but osteosarcoma (OSA) is the most frequent, mostly in elderly animals. Giant cell-rich OSA is considered rare in the literature representing 3% of all OSA in humans. The mitotic index seems to have a significant effect on the survival time of cats affected by this neoplasm as well as the tumour histopathological grade. The objective of this study was to report the cytological and histopathological findings of a giant cell rich OSA in a 4-year old cat with persistent feline leukemia virus (FeLV) antigenaemia.Case: A 4-year-old male neutered cat was referred with a history of persistent FeLV viraemia and pelvic limb lameness with a firm swelling. Previous radiographs of the affected limb revealed bone lysis in the third and fourth metatarsals and increased soft tissue radiopacity in the tarsal region. The referral veterinary assumed it to be osteomyelitis and initiated clinical treatment with antibiotic and anti-inflammatory. The cat was referred after there was no response to medical treatment. The cat was presented with a 5cm diameter ulcerated mass, with putrid odor in the pelvic limb. Complementary exams were performed, and abnormalities were found, including increased urea, creatinine, calcium and potassium, and decreased sodium and phosphorus. A new radiograph showed exuberant bone proliferation, with increased radiopacity involving tarsal, metatarsal, distal third of tarsal I and II, and distal diaphysis of metatarsal V, without compromising the metaphyseal region of distal diaphysis of metatarsal IV. Chest radiographs and abdominal ultrasound were unremarkable. Fine-needle aspiration was performed for cytological analysis, which reavealed a moderate amount of pleomorphic mesenchymal cells with moderate adhesion, cytoplasm with a format ranging from fusiform to stellate, pronounced anisocytosis and cellular pleomorphism, and elevated nucleus:cytoplasm ratio. Nucleus was oval and presented loose chromatin, single to double large and evident nucleolus, frequent karyomegaly, along with marked anisocariosis and nuclear pleomorphism. Multinucleated giant cells were and there was a single mitotic figure in 12 high power fields (0.196 mm2 FN20/400x). Therefore, it was suggestive of malignant mesenchymal neoplasia with possibility of OSA, fibrosarcoma oe undifferentiated sarcoma. Limb amputation with femoral disarticulation was performed uneventfully. The material was conserved in 10% formalin, submitted to macroscopic and microscopic evaluation, which showed a large number of fusiform and stellate cells, with indistinct edges, scarce eosinophilic cytoplasm, high nucleus:cytoplasm ratio and oval nucleus, presenting moderate to marked anisocariosis, loose chromatin, with unique and evident nucleoli, besides of bone trabeculae. Nuclear pleomorphism was moderate and there was four mitotic figures in three random high-power fields (400x). It was observed areas of vascular ectasia, and neoplastic embolization in lymphatic and blood vessels. Among the cells, collagenous stroma was predominant but in some areas there was an eosinophilic amorphous material with the possibility of osteoid matrix or collagen. There was also a large numbers of multinucleated giant cells. The histopathological result was compatible with a grade III giant cell rich OSA.Discussion: Although bone tumours are uncommon in cats, OSA is the most frequent, affecting maingly middle-aged to elderly cats, with a mean age of 10 years, which is different from the present report in a 4-year old cat, with FeLV persistent viraemia. Retroviral status may have influenced the development of the disease at na early onset. FeLV induces uncontrolled cell proliferation through insertional mutagenesis (usually near myc) inducing malignant neoplasias, mainly lymphoma, but also multiple cartilaginous exostosis, which, along with osteomyelitis and bone cyst were included in this patient´s list of differential diagnoses. Despite the macroscopic and radiographical andagressiveness there was no metastasis identified through chest radiographs or abdominal ultrasound, and feline OSA is associated with a lower metastatic rate, if compared to canine OSA. Cytological analysis was compatible with malignant mesenchymal neoplasia, being suggestive of giant cell rich OSA. There is no cytological classification for OSA, however cytological findings of malignancy may be correlated with the patient's clinical course. Cytological features were in agreement with the histopathological findings, compatible with a grade III giant cell rich OSA. Therefore, it is concluded that the characteristics of malignancy presented by cytology were sufficient for the recommendation of amputation of the affected limb, once there was no imaging sign of metastases in the chest or abdomen.

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“…2 The potential long-term effects of declawing include barbering, 4 chronic back pain, 4 lameness, 5,6 tendon contracture 5,6 and osteosarcoma formation on P3 fragments. 7 A study published in 2023 demonstrated antebrachial myology in exotic cats that were declawed, resulting in decreased deep digital flexor muscle size and function. 8 Behavioral changes are also documented, such as biting behavior, repelling behavior (RB) and house-soiling (HS).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical excision of P3 fragments in 86 declawed cats: case series (2013–2023)

Martell-Moran

2024

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

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Case series summary This case series describes the clinical findings and surgical intervention of 86 declawed cats; 52 from a shelter or rescue and 34 owned cats. Historical reports from owners and shelter staff included house-soiling, biting behavior, repelling behavior, barbering, lameness, chronic digit infection and nail regrowth. All the cats had fragments of the third phalanx (P3) of varying sizes diagnosed on radiographs. Pathology visible on examination included digital subcutaneous swelling, ecchymosis, malaligned digital pads, ulcerations, exudate, tendon contracture, nail regrowth and callusing. Surgery was pursued in these cases to remove the P3 fragments, relieve tendon contracture and reposition the digital pads with an anchoring suture. Gross findings intraoperatively included fragmented growth of cornified and non-cornified nail tissue, osteophytes on the surface of the second phalanx, deep digital flexor tendon calcification, and both bacterial and sterile exudate. The most common complication 14 days postoperatively was mild (14%) to moderate (1%) lameness. All historical parameters recorded improved in both populations of cats (house-soiling, biting behavior, repelling behavior, barbering, lameness, tendon contracture and chronic digit infection). Postoperatively, 1/47 cats exhibited continued malalignment of two digital pads and there were no reports of long-term postoperative lameness. Relevance and novel information Two methods of declawing cats are detailed in the veterinary literature, including partial amputation of P3 and disarticulation of the entire P3 bone. The novel information in this report includes historical and clinical signs of declawed cats with P3 fragments, intraoperative gross pathology, surgical intervention and the postoperative follow-up results.

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Late-onset osteosarcoma after onychectomy in a cat

Cited by 3 publications

References 38 publications

Successful outcome and 1‐year follow‐up after partial iliectomy with limb preservation in a cat with pelvic osteosarcoma

Successful outcome and 1‐year follow‐up after partial iliectomy with limb preservation in a cat with pelvic osteosarcoma

Cytological and Histopathological Correlation of Feline Giant Cell-Rich Osteosarcoma

Surgical excision of P3 fragments in 86 declawed cats: case series (2013–2023)

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