Late Mesozoic-Cenozoic strike-slip and block rotation in the inner belt of southwest Japan

Kanaori, Yuji

doi:10.1016/0040-1951(90)90397-q

Cited by 59 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…They also dated the samples and found that kinematics. Also shown is the distribution of crustal blocks suspected by Kanaori [ 1990] in SW Japan and the direction of the maximum horizontal stress after Jolivet et al [1991 A similar chronology is found in the northern Chubu district (Yatsuo area) where Itoh [1988] also supports a smaller rotation within the Denticulopsis Lauta zone (younger than 15.7 Ma). Both studies found no significant rotation between 20 and 15 Ma.…”

Section: Paleomagnetic Constraintssupporting

confidence: 55%

Paleomagnetic rotations and the Japan Sea opening

Jolivet

Shibuya

Fournier

1995

Active Margins and Marginal Basins of the Western Pacific

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The apparent incompatibility of the classical "bar door" opening model of the Japan Sea based on paleomagnetic studies and the pull-apart geometry based on the observation of shear zones in and around Japan is symptomatic of a lack of understanding of the tectonic history of the Japan Sea. After a critical review of paleomagnetic data and a discussion on the possible error bars we present information concerning the internal strain of the Japan arc during the opening. We show that it is possible to integrate both sets of data in a single model, provided that some of the paleomagnetic rotations are due to distributed deformation of SW and NE Japan and not to a rigid body rotation of 600 km long blocks. Rotations occur at all scales and the 50 ø of clockwise rotation of southwest Japan is the sum of 30 ø of rotation of southwest Japan as a whole and of 20 ø due to internal deformation. The amount of paleomagnetic rotation is then compatible with the kinematics based on the internal structure of the Japan Sea and the geometry of major dextral shear zones. The rigid body rotation of southwest Japan is accommodated by extension and left-lateral motion along the Median Tectonic Line which is a second order fault between the two major dextral shear zones that bound the Japan Sea to the east and to the west. The problem of the apparent instantaneous rotation of southwest Japan as opposed to the progressive opening of the Japan Sea probably results from the way paleomagnetic data and radiometric dates are averaged. PROBLEM SETTINGThe past ten years have seen the development of a debate on the opening mechanism of the Japan Sea ( Figure 1). An important breakthrough was made by Otofuji et al.short period, less than 2 m.y. long, about 15 Ma. The model is that of a double rotation about two nearby poles and a double fan-shaped opening of the Japan Sea. The rigid behavior of the two continental blocks, each of them being more than 500 km long, implies that oceanic crust formation in the Japan Sea was contemporaneous with the rotation. A rapidly opening model was then postulated in concert with rapid rates of motion of the rotating blocks.Based on different data, Lallemand and Jolivet [ 1985] postulated that major dextral strike slip faults guided the opening of the Japan Sea in a pull-apart manner, in opposition with the fan-shaped kinematics of Otofuji et al.Later Jolivet et al. [1989, 1991] and Jolivet and Tamaki [1992] introduced block rotations in the pull-apart model, describing the whole region as a wide dextral shear zone (Figure 2). 356 PALEOMAGNETIC ROTATIONS AND THE JAPAN SEA OPENING JOLIYET ET AL. 357 JOLIVET ET AL. 359

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Section: Paleomagnetic Constraintssupporting

confidence: 55%

Paleomagnetic rotations and the Japan Sea opening

Jolivet

Shibuya

Fournier

1995

Active Margins and Marginal Basins of the Western Pacific

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“…This two-stage tectonic history of the Nojima fault is compatible with the regional structural analysis (Kanaori, 1990 ;Fabbri et al, 2004 ;Famin et al, 2014), which reveals a sinistral wrenching in the Paleogene (65 to 23 Ma), followed by fault-normal extension in the Miocene (23 to 6 Ma) and a dextral slip active since the Plio-Quaternary (≤ 2 Ma). In the present paper, we focus on deformation microstructures formed during the first period of seismic activity in a sample, which was in the 3.7 -11.1 km depth range as constrained by the laumontite stability field 5 before being exhumed and sampled at 220 m depth by the GSJ drillhole.…”

Section: Geological Settingsupporting

confidence: 85%

High stresses stored in fault zones: example of the Nojima fault (Japan)

Boullier¹,

Robach²,

Ildefonse³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Abstract. During the last decade pulverized rocks have been described on outcrops along large active faults and attributed to damage related to a propagating seismic rupture front. Questions remain on the maximal lateral distance from the fault plane and maximal depth for dynamic damage to be imprinted in rocks. In order to document these questions, a core sample of granodiorite located at 51.3 m from the Nojima fault (Japan) that was drilled after the Hyogo-ken Nanbu (Kobe) earthquake is studied by using Electron Back-Scattered Diffraction (EBSD) and high resolution X-ray Laue 15 microdiffraction. Although located outside of the Nojima damage fault zone and macroscopically undeformed, the sample shows pervasive microfractures and local fragmentation that are attributed to the first stage of seismic activity along the Nojima fault characterized by laumontite as the main sealing mineral. EBSD mapping was used in order to characterize the crystallographic orientation and deformation microstructures in the sample, and X-ray microdiffraction to measure elastic strain and residual stresses in a quartz grain. Both methods give consistent results on the crystallographic orientation and 20show small and short wave-length misorientations associated with laumontite-sealed microfractures and alignments of tiny fluid inclusions. Deformation microstructures in quartz are symptomatic of the semi-brittle faulting regime, in which low temperature brittle, plastic deformation and stress-driven dissolution-deposition processes occur conjointly.Residual stresses are calculated from elastic strain measured by X-ray Laue microdiffraction and stress peaks at 100 MPa (mean 141 MPa). Such stress values are comparable to the peak strength of a damaged granodiorite from the damage zone 25 of the Nojima fault indicating that, although apparently macroscopically undeformed, the sample is actually highly damaged. The homogeneously distributed microfracturing of quartz is the microscopically visible imprint of this damage and suggests that high stresses were stored in the whole sample and not only concentrated on some crystal defects. It is proposed that the high residual stresses are the sum of the stress fields associated with individual dislocations, dislocation microstructures and originated from the dynamic damage related to the propagation of rupture fronts or seismic waves 30 associated to M6 to M7 earthquakes during Paleocene on the Nojima fault at a 3.7 -11.1 km depth (laumontite stability domain) where confining pressure prevented pulverization. The high residual stresses and the deformation microstructures Solid Earth Discuss., https://doi

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“…Southwest Japan is not a single block, and rotations are only local: Kanaori (1990) proposed that Southwest Japan can be divided in several blocks which have rotated like dominos in a strike-slip regime. In such a case there is no direct relation between the angle of paleomagnetic rotation and the angle of rigid rotation of Southwest Japan as a whole; it has thus no direct implications on the timing of backarc opening.…”

Section: Tectonic Timing and Paleomagnetic Rotationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neogene Kinematics in the Japan Sea Region and Volcanic Activity of the Northeast Japan Arc

Jolivet¹

1992

Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program

104

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Deep sea drilling in the Japan Sea during ODP Legs 127 and 128 brought new constraints to the timing and dynamics of backarc opening. The nature and age of the oceanic basement as well as the recovered lithology allow us to present new reconstructions from 25 Ma to the present. On-land deformation data as well as the offshore crustal structure and timing of volcanic events are the major constraints we use. The Japan Sea opened as a complex pull-apart basin in a dextral shear zone that extends more than 2000 km from Central Japan to Northern Sakhalin. Oceanic crust was emplaced in the northern part of the Japan Basin, and highly extended arc crust in the Tsushima and Yamato basins. Westward propagation of oceanic spreading was active in the early Miocene. Our reconstructions give a minimum estimate for the finite dextral displacement of about 400 km. We observe correlations between volcanic events and tectonic phases, and we explore the hypothesis that variations in the character of volcanism during the Neogene in Northeast Japan can be due to changes in the tectonic status of the arc crust other than deep-seated variations in the mantle: (1) starvation of the volcanic activity in the late Miocene (10-7 Ma) is correlated with a reorganization of the stress field over the whole region from a dextral transtensional field during the Japan Sea opening to the present compressional field, and this period of inversion did not allow the ascent of magma through the upper brittle crust; (2) correlation is also seen between the formation of the incipient subduction zone at 1.8 Ma along the eastern margin of the Japan Sea and the transition from acidic to andesitic volcanism in Northeast Japan. Compression between 7 and 2 Ma is associated with the formation of large calderas and eruptions of acidic products, after which the present-day andesitic volcanism began at 2 Ma. During the compressive period the magma could not easily make its way up to the surface and stayed longer in the deep crust, where it could differentiate until the formation of a caldera. After localization of strain along the eastern margin of the Japan Sea and inception of the new subduction zone, which partly released the stress across the arc, the ascent of magma became much easier and the character of surface eruptions thus changed to less explosive. We also discuss the migration of the volcanic front through time from 30 Ma to the present with respect to tectonic processes.

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Late Mesozoic-Cenozoic strike-slip and block rotation in the inner belt of southwest Japan

Cited by 59 publications

References 43 publications

Paleomagnetic rotations and the Japan Sea opening

Paleomagnetic rotations and the Japan Sea opening

High stresses stored in fault zones: example of the Nojima fault (Japan)

Neogene Kinematics in the Japan Sea Region and Volcanic Activity of the Northeast Japan Arc

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