Last millennium northern hemisphere summer temperatures from tree rings: Part I: The long term context

Bayesian multiproxy temperature reconstruction with black spruce ring widths and stable isotopes from the northern Quebec taiga

“…The concordance of 3P-STREC with the recent N-TREND Northern Hemisphere summer temperature reconstruction based on tree-ring width and density records (Wilson et al 2016) is impressive if we exclude the last century (Fig. 4c), despite the very different spatial domain of these two reconstructions (a similar conclusion can also be drawn if the comparison is done with the reconstruction of Stoffel et al 2015, as shown in Fig.…”

The PMIP4 contribution to CMIP6 – Part 3: The last millennium, scientific objective, and experimental design for the PMIP4 <i>past1000</i> simulations

“…Brohan et al, 2012;Evans et al, 2013;Wilson et al, 2016;Anchukaitis et al, 2010). Possible reasons for this disagreement include shortcomings in the volcanic reconstructions used to drive the models, or in the realism of the implementation of the aerosol forcing in the model schemes, deficiencies in reproducing the dynamic responses in the atmosphere and ocean (e.g.…”

Comparing proxy and model estimates of hydroclimate variability and change over the Common Era

“…High-latitude and highelevation trees near the limit of their thermal tolerance are more likely to record variations in growing season temperature, while trees located in dry and semiarid sites predominantly reflect moisture availability. Wood density proxies typically have high correlations with summer temperatures at high-latitude sites (Briffa et al, 2002a, b;Wilson et al, 2016;Anchukaitis et al, 2017), although high-latitude locations away from the tree line may also reflect precipitation and moisture (Hughes et al, 1994). Tree-ring growth within temperate mesic forests of the midlatitudes often reflects species-specific or mixed environmental signals including both moisture and temperature (Cook and Jacoby, 1977;Graumlich, 1993;Meko et al, 1993;Pederson et al, 2004;Babst et al, 2013), with some notable exceptions (e.g., Stahle et al, 1998).…”

“…Directly comparing gridded model output to data at a specific point should therefore be avoided, and while such a comparison is tempting, it can be falsely analogous; for instance, some models are not expected to reproduce highly regional hydroclimate dynamics (e.g., orographic rainfall or mountainous microclimates). Such comparisons also can be unrealistic; for instance, CMIP5-class models underrepresent or omit small landmasses (Karnauskas et al, 2016), such as the grid boxes nearest the Perida Cave, Puerto Rico reconstruction (Winter et al, 2011) that are represented as ocean in the PMIP3 simulations (not shown).…”