Laser two-photon polymerization micro- and nanostructuring over a large area on various substrates

Malinauskas, Mangirdas; Purlys, Vytautas; Žukauskas, Andrius; Bickauskaite, Gabija; Gertus, Titas; Danilevičius, Paulius; Paipulas, Domas; Rutkauskas, Marius; Gilbergs, Holger; Baltriukienė, Daiva; Bukelskis, Laurynas; Širmenis, Raimondas; Bukelskienė, Virginija; Gadonas, R.; Sirvydis, Vytautas; Piskarskas, A.

doi:10.1117/12.854507

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The strength of this method is reflected by the following key features: a possibility to make 3D complex objects with no geometrical restrains [5], to reach resolution on a molecular scale [6,7], to structure flexible materials accessing tunability of refractive index [8], to apply it to biocompatible [9] and biodegradable polymers [10], to mention some of promising directions. Building functional structures by direct laser write over large areas with micro/nanoscale resolution of different materials [11] with integration of optical functions [12] opens an opportunity to apply this technology for practical uses and, in some applications, challenge established lithographic technologies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional micro-/nano-structuring via direct write polymerization with picosecond laser pulses

Malinauskas¹,

Danilevičius²,

Juodkazis³

2011

Opt. Express

133

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We demonstrate capability to structure photo-polymers with sub-wavelength resolution, ∼200-500 nm, and retrieve three-dimensional (3D) structures using a picosecond laser exposure. This alternative to commonly used ultra-short femtosecond lasers extends accessibility of 3D direct write. A popular hybrid sol-gel resist SZ2080 was used for quantitative determination of structuring resolution at 1064 nm and 532 nm wavelengths and for pulses of 8-25 ps duration at the repetition rates of 0.2-1 MHz. Systematic study of feature size dependence of 3D suspended nano-rods shows that linear power dependence of photopolymerization on the dose-per-pulse becomes dominant at higher repetition rates (≥0.5 MHz) while the two-photon nonlinear absorption is still distinguishable at rates lower than 0.2 MHz and shorter pulses (≤8 ps). Thermal accumulation defines polymerization when cooling time of the focal volume is larger than separation between pulses. Photopolymerization and its scaling mechanisms, quality, and fidelity at tight focusing of fs-, ps-, and cw-laser radiation are revealed and explained. 3D scaffolds for biomedicine and microlenses for optical applications are fabricated by the ps-laser direct write.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional micro-/nano-structuring via direct write polymerization with picosecond laser pulses

Malinauskas¹,

Danilevičius²,

Juodkazis³

2011

Opt. Express

133

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…This commercial photoinitiator was chosen because it has already been proved for suitability for high quality and throughput fabrication via DLW. 45,46 Although common commercial photoinitiators may suffer from low two-photon absorption efficiency 47 compared to the novel custom-made chromophores, 48,49 yet preparation of organic molecules with large two-photon absorption cross sections is rather complicated and was not involved in this research.…”

Section: Photosensitive Polymer Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro-structured polymer scaffolds fabricated by direct laser writing for tissue engineering

Danilevičius

2012

J. Biomed. Opt

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This work presents the latest results on direct laser writing of polymeric materials for tissue engineering applications. A femtosecond Yb:KGW laser (300 fs, 200 kHz, 515 nm) was used as a light source for non-linear lithography. Fabrication was implemented in various photosensitive polymeric materials, such as: hybrid organic-inorganic sol-gel based on silicon-zirconium oxides, commercial ORMOCER® class photoresins. These materials were structured via multi-photon polymerization technique with submicron resolution. Porous three-dimensional scaffolds for artificial tissue engineering were fabricated with constructed system and were up to several millimeters in overall size with 10 to 100 μm internal pores. Biocompatibility of the used materials was tested in primary rabbit muscle-derived stem cell culture in vitro and using laboratory rats in vivo. This interdisciplinary study suggests that proposed technique and materials are suitable for tissue engineering applications.

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“…It complicates the practical applications of nano-featured microstructures or even characterization of their properties. This implies that a demand of three-dimensional micro/nanostructures over a large area is still high [67][68][69]. For example, larger photonic crystals or microlens arrays can increase their applicability; artificial scaffolds have to be big enough for a biologist or surgeon for comfortable handling.…”

Section: Techniques For Three-dimensional Micro/ Nanostructuring Of Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanophotonic lithography: a versatile tool for manufacturing functional three-dimensional micro-/nano-objects

Malinauskas¹,

Kiršanskė²,

Rekštytė³

et al. 2012

Lith. J. Phys.

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In this paper, an overview of literature supported by original experimental results on direct laser polymerization of three-dimensional micro-/nano-structuring of various photopolymers is presented. Alternative technologies, principles of threshold based direct laser writing in polymers employing ultrafast lasers, issues of optimization of the laser structuring parameters for increasing fabrication resolution and production throughput are presented and discussed. Examples of woodpile templates and nanogratings are shown as well as an opto-fluidic sensor design for usage in lab-on-chip type devices is demonstrated and its performance is characterized. Additionally, a possibility to produce a three-dimensional electric circuit is introduced.

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Laser two-photon polymerization micro- and nanostructuring over a large area on various substrates

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Three-dimensional micro-/nano-structuring via direct write polymerization with picosecond laser pulses

Three-dimensional micro-/nano-structuring via direct write polymerization with picosecond laser pulses

Micro-structured polymer scaffolds fabricated by direct laser writing for tissue engineering

Nanophotonic lithography: a versatile tool for manufacturing functional three-dimensional micro-/nano-objects

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