2000
DOI: 10.1067/mob.2000.104844
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Laser scanning confocal microscopy of cervical tissue before and after application of acetic acid

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Cited by 116 publications
(90 citation statements)
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“…The effects of acetic acid, commonly used to aid in the detection of precancerous changes in the cervix, have been well-established from reflectance confocal microscopy [16,17]. In particular, it has been shown that acetic acid increases scattering from cell nuclei due to nuclear coagulation.…”
Section: Animal Preparationsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The effects of acetic acid, commonly used to aid in the detection of precancerous changes in the cervix, have been well-established from reflectance confocal microscopy [16,17]. In particular, it has been shown that acetic acid increases scattering from cell nuclei due to nuclear coagulation.…”
Section: Animal Preparationsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Pilot cervical tissue optical spectroscopy studies have been reviewed by Thekkek et al in 2008 [13] and the review shows that this technology can achieve sensitivities and specificities in the range of 83 -92% and 80 -90%, respectively, thus having the potential to address the limited specificity of VIA or VIAM. The primary sources of intrinsic absorption and scattering contrast in cervical neoplasia are increased absorption associated with neovascularization in the stroma [15][16][17], increased epithelial scattering with cell proliferation, and decreased stromal scattering with collagen degradation [18][19][20] (dominant source of multiply backscattered light in the visible wavelengths [21]). Using immunohistochemical stains for vascular endothelial cells, Abulafia et al [22] and Dellas et al [15] have demonstrated that neovascularization, quantified through microvessel density, is positively correlated with increasing cervical dysplastic grades.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Because of the characteristic in the absorption spectrum of hemoglobin, optical absorption around the wavelengths of 420 nm , 542 nm and 577 nm is increased remarkably. The application of acetic acid elevates the mean scattering coefficient of precancerous tissue approximately three times that of normal epithelium, making abnormal tissue appear whiter than normal, which is a consequence of the increased nucleus density and size, as well as the potential change of the chromatin characters [8,9]. The decreased stromal scattering, which is associated with a degradation of collagen fibers, also can be observed in precancerous cervical tissue [10].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 81%