Laser mirror damage in germanium at 10.6 μm

Emmony, D. C.; Howson, R.P.; Willis, Lucas

doi:10.1063/1.1654761

Cited by 374 publications

(201 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…This fundamental idea has been first suggested by Emmony et al 5 and was later improved by several other authors. 4,6 Particularly, the work of Sipe et al 4 represents a first-principle theory which takes into consideration the interaction of an electromagnetic wave with a microscopically rough surface, which includes also the possible excitation of surface polaritons.…”

Section: Comparison With the Conventional Theory On Lipssmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…It is generally accepted that this type of wavelength ripple arises from optical interference effects due to the superposition of the incident radiation with a surfaceelectromagnetic wave which is created at the rough surface during the irradiation and which is scattered along the surface. 2,[4][5][6] With respect to the irradiation with femtosecond laser pulses, ripples with spatial periods close to the wavelength have been reported on various absorbing materials such as metals, 7 ceramics, 8,9 and semiconductors. [10][11][12][13] Interestingly, in most of these cases the ripple period is somewhat smaller than the wavelength and their orientation is mostly perpendicular to the electric-field vector.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structure formation on the surface of indium phosphide irradiated by femtosecond laser pulses

Bonse

Munz

Sturm

2004

Journal of Applied Physics

356

251

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Laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS; ripples) with different spatial characteristics have been observed after irradiation of single-crystalline indium phosphide ͑c-InP͒ with multiple linearly polarized femtosecond pulses (130 fs, 800 nm) in air. With an increasing number of pulses per spot, N, up to 100, a characteristic evolution of two different types of ripples has been observed, i.e., (i) the growth of a grating perpendicular to the polarization vector consisting of nearly wavelength-sized periodic lines and (ii), in a specific pulse number regime ͑N =5-30͒, the additional formation of equally oriented ripples with a spatial period close to half of the laser wavelength. For pulse numbers higher than 50, the formation of micrometer-spaced grooves has been found, which are oriented perpendicular to the ripples. These topographical surface alterations are discussed in the frame of existing LIPSS theories.

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Section: Comparison With the Conventional Theory On Lipssmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure formation on the surface of indium phosphide irradiated by femtosecond laser pulses

Bonse

Munz

Sturm

2004

Journal of Applied Physics

356

251

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“…Emmony et al suggested in 1973 that LSFLs were a consequence of interference between the incident laser beam and surface-scattered waves. 4 In 1983, Sipe et al established a first-principles theory for LSFL formation, overcoming the physically inconsistent "surfacescattered wave" concept, by modeling the effect of surface roughness on the electromagnetic field. 21 The theory of Sipe et al, also referred to as the efficacy factor theory, or η theory, in this article, was commonly accepted for the formation of LSFLs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 The most common LIPSSs, also referred to as ripples, consist of wavy surfaces which can be produced on metals, 2,3 semiconductors, 4,5 and dielectrics. 6 When created with a linearly polarized laser radiation at normal incidence, these ripples have a periodicity close to the laser wavelength and a direction orthogonal to its polarization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser-induced periodic surface structures: Fingerprints of light localization

et al. 2012

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Take-down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum. The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method is used to study the inhomogeneous absorption of linearly polarized laser radiation below a rough surface. The results are first analyzed in the frequency domain and compared to the efficacy factor theory of Sipe and coworkers. Both approaches show that the absorbed energy shows a periodic nature, not only in the direction orthogonal to the laser polarization, but also in the direction parallel to it. It is shown that the periodicity is not always close to the laser wavelength for the perpendicular direction. In the parallel direction, the periodicity is about λ/Re(ñ), withñ being the complex refractive index of the medium. The space-domain FDTD results show a periodicity in the inhomogeneous energy absorption similar to the periodicity of the low-and high-spatial-frequency laser-induced periodic surface structures depending on the material's excitation.

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“…In this section, the two most practical structures are introduced. It is well known that parallel ripple structures are formed on the surfaces of various types of materials with multiple pulse irradiation of a linearly polarized laser beam with nanosecond or longer pulses [24,25]. Such structures are called laser-induced periodic surface structure (LIPPS).…”

Section: Surface Micro-and Nanostructuringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in ultrafast laser processing and future prospects

Sugioka

2017

Nanophotonics

167

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Abstract:The unique characteristics of ultrafast lasers have rapidly revolutionized materials processing after their first demonstration in 1987. The ultrashort pulse width of the laser suppresses heat diffusion to the surroundings of the processed region, which minimizes the formation of a heat-affected zone and thereby enables ultrahigh precision micro-and nanofabrication of various materials. In addition, the extremely high peak intensity can induce nonlinear multiphoton absorption, which extends the diversity of materials that can be processed to transparent materials such as glass. Nonlinear multiphoton absorption enables three-dimensional (3D) micro-and nanofabrication by irradiation with tightly focused femtosecond laser pulses inside transparent materials. Thus, ultrafast lasers are currently widely used for both fundamental research and practical applications. This review presents progress in ultrafast laser processing, including micromachining, surface micro-and nanostructuring, nanoablation, and 3D and volume processing. Advanced technologies that promise to enhance the performance of ultrafast laser processing, such as hybrid additive and subtractive processing, and shaped beam processing are discussed. Commercial and industrial applications of ultrafast laser processing are also introduced. Finally, future prospects of the technology are given with a summary.

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Laser mirror damage in germanium at 10.6 μm

Cited by 374 publications

References 4 publications

Structure formation on the surface of indium phosphide irradiated by femtosecond laser pulses

Structure formation on the surface of indium phosphide irradiated by femtosecond laser pulses

Laser-induced periodic surface structures: Fingerprints of light localization

Progress in ultrafast laser processing and future prospects

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