Laser gas nitriding of pure titanium using CW and pulsed Nd:YAG lasers

Santos, Edson Costa; Morita, Masanori; Shiomi, Masanori; Osakada, Kozo; Takahashi, M.

doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2006.02.048

Cited by 58 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…It is to be recognized a weak melt ejection at the edges of the interaction zones, what refers to the so-called Piston effect, which develops due to high recoil pressures. Similar observations have been done in [70,72,74]. The development of microcolumns was observed by György et.al [79][80] at higher energies.…”

Section: Surfaces -And Coating Morphology -Ns -Pulsessupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The growth direction of the crystallites is perpendicular to the surface. Coating thicknesses of some microns (1-4 µm) have been measured in [51,70,72,74] too. The short interaction time seems to limit the thickness.…”

Section: Surfaces -And Coating Morphology -Ns -Pulsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Surfaces -and coating morphology -cw mode/ms-pulses: Such experiments have been performed in [43][44][45][46][47][48]72] at cw-mode or in [42, 72-73, 76, 81] at ms -pulsed mode. Man et.al [44,[46][47] carries out experiments at cw-500 W and synthesized coatings of about 300 microns in thickness.…”

Section: Surfaces -And Coating Morphology -Ns -Pulsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further investigations have been carried out by Santos et.al. [72]. They use a power of 50 W at a spot size of 0.1 mm and a scan velocity of 2 mm/s.…”

Section: Surfaces -And Coating Morphology -Ns -Pulsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The microstructure is dominated by needle like solidified TiN phases and dendrites. In [72] investigations on ms -pulses were realized too. They got coatings of 35 µm and a roughness of 0.94 µm.…”

Section: Surfaces -And Coating Morphology -Ns -Pulsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Laser nitriding: investigations on the model system TiN. A review

Höche

Schaaf

2010

Heat Mass Transfer

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Nitriding is a well known technique to improve properties of materials. The process utilizing laser contains many different processes like heat transport and melting effects, diffusion and convection, which partially determine the synthesized coatings. This review concludes the research on titanium nitride synthesis in reactive ambient and draws conclusions for the general handling of the method. Afterwards, it becomes clear which and why, transport processes limit the coating properties. IntroductionHard material systems such as titanium nitride play an important role within the field of material sciences and industrial applications. In particular wear and corrosion protection are based on such systems. Beside the classical manufacturing procedures such as PVD or CVD, the method of the direct laser synthesis in a reactive gas environment, as examined here, represents an alternative to the production of such coatings. This review discusses the synthesis of such functional coatings on the system titanium -nitrogen by different laser irradiation based on own results respectively the literature and tries to give a general overview of the physical respectively transport processes taking place. Thus, experiments from the last three decades using similar experimental setups will be compared and discussed. Due to the availability of data of investigations utilizing titanium and nitrogen, this system was taken as a general model. After a discussion of several different experimental analyses and modelling results, the treatments get parameterized. This results in large potentials for technical applications. Finally, general conditions for the synthesis of such coatings with this procedure were set up. By means of these results it is possible to achieve purposefully predefined layer characteristics. The review concludes the most important publications containing research about this process. Thus, it could be assumed to be a reference in relation to laser nitriding or -carburizing. [4] or also hybrid procedures. A further alternative and very simple method is the direct lasers synthesis. The material is placed in a reactive gas environment and will be irradiated with laser light. Due to the developing physical and chemical effects coatings are synthesized, which possess special treatment dependent characteristics. Carburizing, nitro carburizing and/or nitriding are to most common methods from this field of processes. The method of nitriding particularly assists the improvement of tribological properties of surfaces. The surface hardness gets increased, whereby the wear resistance rises. Furthermore, these coatings are usually very non-reactive, which leads to an increase in corrosion protection. In the following the method will be studied more exactly and will be explained. Quantifying of the processes gets an important aim of the work. Arising phenomena will also be modelled. To do these investigations, the model titanium nitrogen has been used. It is a well known and often used system, and has been investigated ...

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Section: Surfaces -And Coating Morphology -Ns -Pulsessupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Surfaces -And Coating Morphology -Ns -Pulsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Surfaces -And Coating Morphology -Ns -Pulsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further investigations have been carried out by Santos et.al. [72]. They use a power of 50 W at a spot size of 0.1 mm and a scan velocity of 2 mm/s.…”

Section: Surfaces -And Coating Morphology -Ns -Pulsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Surfaces -And Coating Morphology -Ns -Pulsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Laser nitriding: investigations on the model system TiN. A review

Höche

Schaaf

2010

Heat Mass Transfer

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Titanium Nitriding by Microwave Atmospheric Pressure Plasma: Towards Single Crystal Synthesis

Cardoso¹,

Arnoult²,

Belmonte³

et al. 2009

Plasma Processes & Polymers

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High temperature titanium nitriding is achieved by plasmas sustained at atmospheric pressure in a microwave resonant cavity. TiN layers produced in the temperature range (1 475–1 980 K) present a grain orientation that is mainly defined by initial grain orientation of the titanium substrate. Coarsening pretreatments on the titanium samples before nitriding allows the synthesis of a strongly oriented TiN layer. The TiN + α‐Ti layer thickness reaches about 116 µm after a 1 h treatment at 1 760 K. For these treatment times, the bulk material is not totally transformed into TiN, but this is a first step towards the synthesis of single crystals of TiN from commercial‐grade pure titanium.

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