Laser Beam Propagation through Oceanic Turbulence

Abstract

Using a recently proposed model for the refractive index fluctuations in oceanic turbulence, optical beam propagation through seawater is explored. The model provides an accurate depiction of the ocean through the inclusion of both temperature and salinity fluctuations to the refractive index. Several important statistical characteristics are explored including spatial coherence radius, angle-of-arrival fluctuations, and beam wander. Theoretical values of these parameters are found based on weak fluctuation theory using the Rytov method. The results presented serve as a foundation for the study of optical beam propagation in oceanic turbulence, which may provide an important support for further researches in applications for underwater communicating, imaging, and sensing systems.

Oceanic turbulence parameters recognition based on convolutional neural network

“…However, the transmission of a light in turbulent ocean water is impacted by fluctuations in humidity, temperature and pressure of seawater caused by waves and geothermal factors. These fluctuations lead to variations in the refractive index variation of seawater, resulting in beam scintillation, wandering and spreading [1,[5][6][7][8]. These phenomena significantly * Authors to whom any correspondence should be addressed.…”

Aperture Averaged Scintillation of Gaussian Beam in Strong Oceanic Turbulence

“…It should be noted that the measurement values of  can vary in the interval [-5, 0]. The values of →− corresponds to temperature induced optical turbulence where the values of0 → corresponds to salinity induced optical turbulence modelling the strong turbulence regime[25]. Furthermore, deep water to surface water (i.e., from light to dense turbulence level),  ranges from…”