Laser altimetry data of Chang’E-1 and the global lunar DEM model

Li, Chunlai; Ren, Xin; Liu, Jing; Zou, Xiao-Duan; Mu, Lingli; Wang, Yunlong; Shu, Rong; Zou, Yongliao; Zhang, Hongbo; Lü, Chang; Liu, Jianzhong; Zuo, Wei; Su, Yan; Wen, Wu; Bian, Wei; Wang, Min; Xu, Chun; Kong, Deqing; Wang, Xiaoqian; Wang, Fang; Li, Geng; Zhang, ZhouBin; Zheng, Li; Zhu, Xinying; Li, JunDuo; Ouyang, Ziyuan

doi:10.1007/s11430-010-4020-1

Cited by 57 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…Some other groups in China's universities and institutions have also been involved in relevant research of planetary mapping. Many lunar topographic products have been completed: e.g., a global image mosaic (using orbiter imagery data of Chang'E-1; Li et al, 2010a), a global lunar digital elevation model (DEM) (using altimetry data of Chang'E-1; Ping et al, 2009;Li et al, 2010b;Hu et al, 2013), a high-resolution global DEM and ortho-image (using stereo imagery data from Chang'E-2; Li et al 2015), a high resolution DEM and ortho-image map of Chang'E-3 landing area (by Chang'E-2 stereo imagery and LOLA data; Wu et al, 2014), high precision DEMs and orthoimage of the Chang'E-3 landing site (by the lander's descent images and the rover's stereo images; Liu et al, 2014). As emphasized earlier, such a presentation cannot be considered complete as it only highlights some of the efforts that are being made globally.…”

Section: Institutes and Facilitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Planetary Cartography and Mapping: Where We Are Today, and Where We Are Heading For?

Naß

Elgner

et al. 2017

Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.

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ABSTRACT:Planetary Cartography does not only provides the basis to support planning (e.g., landing-site selection, orbital observations, traverse planning) and to facilitate mission conduct during the lifetime of a mission (e.g., observation tracking and hazard avoidance). It also provides the means to create science products after successful termination of a planetary mission by distilling data into maps. After a mission's lifetime, data and higher level products like mosaics and digital terrain models (DTMs) are stored in archives -and eventually into maps and higher-level data products -to form a basis for research and for new scientific and engineering studies. The complexity of such tasks increases with every new dataset that has been put on this stack of information, and in the same way as the complexity of autonomous probes increases, also tools that support these challenges require new levels of sophistication. In planetary science, cartography and mapping have a history dating back to the roots of telescopic space exploration and are now facing new technological and organizational challenges with the rise of new missions, new global initiatives, organizations and opening research markets. The focus of this contribution is to summarize recent activities in Planetary Cartography, highlighting current issues the community is facing to derive the future opportunities in this field. By this we would like to invite cartographers/researchers to join this community and to start thinking about how we can jointly solve some of these challenges. * Corresponding author. This is useful to know for communication with the appropriate person in cases with more than one author.

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Section: Institutes and Facilitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Planetary Cartography and Mapping: Where We Are Today, and Where We Are Heading For?

Naß

Elgner

et al. 2017

Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.

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“…The Laser Altimeter (LAM; Li et al 2010b) on Chang'e-1 recorded more than 9 million shots, of which ~3.2 million were useful for topographic mapping (Huang et al 2010). These data were used to make both gridded DTMs (or "DEMs";Cai et al 2009;Li et al 2010b) and 360 degree/order spherical harmonic models (Huang et al 2010;Su et al 2011).…”

Section: Chang'ementioning

confidence: 99%

“…These data were used to make both gridded DTMs (or "DEMs";Cai et al 2009;Li et al 2010b) and 360 degree/order spherical harmonic models (Huang et al 2010;Su et al 2011). Nearly complete image coverage was obtained with the CCD camera, a 120 m/pixel 3-line pushbroom scanner.…”

Section: Chang'ementioning

confidence: 99%

Lunar Cartography: Progress in the 2000s and Prospects for the 2010s

Kirk¹,

Archinal²,

Gaddis³

et al. 2012

Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.

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ABSTRACT:The first decade of the 21st century has seen a new golden age of lunar exploration, with more missions than in any decade since the 1960's and many more nations participating than at any time in the past. We have previously summarized the history of lunar mapping and described the lunar missions planned for the 2000 's (Kirk et al. 20062007;. Here we report on the outcome of lunar missions of this decade, the data gathered, the cartographic work accomplished and what remains to be done, and what is known about mission plans for the coming decade. Four missions of lunar orbital reconnaissance were launched and completed in the decade 2001-2010: SMART-1 (European Space Agency), SELENE/Kaguya (Japan), Chang'e-1 (China), and Chandrayaan-1 (India). In addition, the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter or LRO (USA) is in an extended mission, and Chang'e-2 (China) operated in lunar orbit in 2010-2011. All these spacecraft have incorporated cameras capable of providing basic data for lunar mapping, and all but SMART-1 carried laser altimeters. Chang'e-1, Chang'e-2, Kaguya, and Chandrayaan-1 carried pushbroom stereo cameras intended for stereo mapping at scales of 120, 10, 10, and 5 m/pixel respectively, and LRO is obtaining global stereo imaging at 100 m/pixel with its Wide Angle Camera (WAC) and hundreds of targeted stereo observations at 0.5 m/pixel with its Narrow Angle Camera (NAC). Chandrayaan-1 and LRO carried polarimetric synthetic aperture radars capable of 75 m/pixel and (LRO only) 7.5 m/pixel imaging even in shadowed areas, and most missions carried spectrometers and imaging spectrometers whose lower resolution data are urgently in need of coregistration with other datasets and correction for topographic and illumination effects. The volume of data obtained is staggering. As one example, the LRO laser altimeter, LOLA, has so far made more than 5.5 billion elevation measurements, and the LRO Camera (LROC) system has returned more than 1.3 million archived image products comprising over 220 Terabytes of image data. The processing of controlled map products from these data is as yet relatively limited. A substantial portion of the LOLA altimetry data have been subjected to a global crossover analysis, and local crossover analyses of Chang'e-1 LAM altimetry have also been performed. LRO NAC stereo digital topographic models (DTMs) and orthomosaics of numerous sites of interest have been prepared based on control to LOLA data, and production of controlled mosaics and DTMs from Mini-RF radar images has begun. Many useful datasets (e.g., DTMs from LRO WAC images and Kaguya Terrain Camera images) are currently uncontrolled. Making controlled, orthorectified map products is obviously a high priority for lunar cartography, and scientific use of the vast multinational set of lunar data now available will be most productive if all observations can be integrated into a single reference frame. To achieve this goal, the key steps required are (a) joint registration and reconciliation of the laser altimeter data from multip...

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“…A full three-dimensional image of lunar terrain is obtained by the threeline digital photogrammetric image data of the CCD stereo camera (Figure 1). The altitude of this DEM is based on the sphere surface within a radius of 1737.4 km from the lunar center of mass, whose spatial resolution is 500 m; the horizontal and vertical errors are 192 and 120 m, respectively [19].…”

Section: Data Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

Automatic extraction of lunar impact craters from Chang’E-1 satellite photographs

Wan

Cheng

Zhou

et al. 2011

Sci. China Phys. Mech. Astron.

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The distribution characteristics of the impact craters can provide a large amount of information on impact history and the lunar evolution process. In this research, based on the digital elevation model (DEM) data originating from Change'E-1 CCD stereo camera, three automatic extraction methods for the impact craters are implemented in two research areas: direct extraction from flooded DEM data (the Flooded method), object-oriented extraction from DEM data by using ENVI ZOOM function (the Object-Oriented method) and novel object-oriented extraction from flooded DEM data (the Flooded Object-Oriented method). Accuracy assessment, extracted degree computation, cumulative frequency analysis, shape and age analysis of the extracted craters combined display the following results. (1) The Flooded Object-Oriented method yields better accuracy than the other two methods in the two research areas; the extraction result of the Flooded method offers the similar accuracy to that of the Object-Oriented method. (2) The cumulative frequency curves for the extracted craters and the confirmed craters share a similar change trajectory. (3) The number of the impact craters extracted by the three methods in the Imbrian period is the largest and is of various types; as to their age earlier than Imbrain, it is difficult to extract because they could have been destroyed. As one of the most typical geomorphologic units, the impact craters are widely distributed on the lunar surface. The distribution characteristics of the impact craters provide a large amount of information on impact history and the lunar evolution process. They can be used to estimate lunar surface geology and relative age [1,2], and they also help to explain crust structures of the lunar surface [3]. In order to acquire the information, a mass of craters need to be extracted from images. Manual identification of craters is very time consuming, so researchers presented many automatic extraction methods, such as an algorithm which was able to automatically detect and classify 80% of craters without parameter tuning [4] and a method that enabled a fully automatic detection of 70% of sub-km craters in large panchromatic images [5]. Their extraction work used topographic and spectral information from lunar photos and images like Apollo data, Clementine UV-Vis is multi-spectral images and SELENE data. There was also much work [6][7][8]

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Laser altimetry data of Chang’E-1 and the global lunar DEM model

Cited by 57 publications

References 7 publications

Planetary Cartography and Mapping: Where We Are Today, and Where We Are Heading For?

Planetary Cartography and Mapping: Where We Are Today, and Where We Are Heading For?

Lunar Cartography: Progress in the 2000s and Prospects for the 2010s

Automatic extraction of lunar impact craters from Chang’E-1 satellite photographs

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