Laser action in chromium-doped forsterite

Abstract

Room-temperature vibronic pulsed laser action in trivalent chromium-activated forsterite (Cr3+:Mg2SiO4) is reported for the first time. The free-running laser emission is centered at 1235 nm of the broad 4T2→4A2 fluorescence band, and has a bandwidth of ∼22 nm.

Valence Stabilization, Mixed Crystal Chemistry, and Electronic Transitions in Tetrahedral Oxo and Hydroxo Cr(IV), Mn(V), and Fe(VI) Clusters: A Theoretic Investigation

“…[13] and the data in Table 2) increase from Cr'4 to Mn4 and Fe4' in line with corresponding M-O bond orders (Table 3). Madelung energies (calculated using Eq.…”

“…The latter is found to play a minor role in Eq. [13], since 1t , 2a , 2t , 3t , and 1e (being mostly of ligand type) undergo uniform shifts which cancel in E.…”

“…[13], contributions from ligand 2s orbitals and ligand-ligand interactions, as well as the doubly occupied 2e orbital, are disregarded, the E[2e(3d)!1t (¸)] term being affected considerably by ionicity. The latter is found to play a minor role in Eq.…”

“…Isoelectronic d cations Cr'4, Mn4, and Fe4' in various oxide ceramics have been subject to extensive studies, both experimental and theoretical, because of their remarkable luminescence properties (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12) and applications, in the case of Cr'4, in tunable lasers in the near infrared (13)(14)(15)(16). The oxidation states of tetrahedrally coordinated Cr'4, Mn4, and Fe4' ions are rather unstable when compared to those of Cr''', Cr4', Mn'', Mn''', Mn'4, Mn4'', and Fe'''.…”

Crystal field analysis of the ground and excited state absorption of a Cr4+ ion in LiAlO2 and LiGaO2 crystals

“…Such a wide tuning is due to a strong interaction between their open 3d-electron shell and crystal lattice vibrations, which gives rise to very broad bands of spin-allowed transitions in absorption spectra of crystals doped with these ions. Cr 4+ -doped hosts have been a subject of numerous thorough investigations since the late 1980's [1][2][3][4][5]. Efficient laser oscillations at room temperature were observed in Mg 2 SiO 4 [1,2], Y 3 Al 5 O 12 [4,5], Y 3 Sc 0.5 Al 4.5 O 12 [6], Y 2 SiO 5 [7], and Ca 2 GeO 4 [8].…”