Larvicidal effects of mineral turpentine, low aromatic white spirits, aqueous extracts of Cassia alata, and aqueous extracts, ethanolic extracts and essential oil of betel leaf (Piper betle) on Chrysomya megacephala

Kumarasinghe, Sujith Prasad; Karunaweera, Nadira D.; Ihalamulla, R. L.; Arambewela, L.S.R.; Dissanayake, Roshinie D. S. C. T.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-4362.2002.01660.x

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…With regard to the effect of botanical insecticides against other myiasis‐producing insects, New Zealand gymnosperms, such as Podocarpus nivalis , are effective against the first larval stage of L. cuprina 36 . Furthermore, winged senna ( Cassia alata ) and betel leaf ( Piper betle ) show larvicidal effects against Chrysomya megacephala 25 . Strong retardation of the larval development of Parasarcophaga aegyptiaca is caused by dill, barnoof extracts (LC 50 values of 70, 84, and 150 p.p.m., respectively) 22…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The insecticidal activity of four medicinal plants against the blowfly Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

Khater

2009

Int J Dermatology

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Background The larvae of Lucilia sericata induce myiasis and transmit mycobacterial infections to humans and animals. Consequently, the blowfly should be controlled for human welfare and economic reasons.Methods The insecticidal effect of fenugreek ( Trigonella foenum-graecum ), celery ( Apium graveolens ), radish ( Raphanus sativus ), and mustard ( Brassica compestris ) against the third larval instars of L. sericata was evaluated, for the first time, through ingestion assays. The effect of sublethal concentrations on certain biological aspects, such as the pupation rates and adult emergence, was revealed. ResultsThe LC 50 values were 2.81, 4.60, 6.93, and 7.92% for fenugreek, celery, radish, and mustard, respectively. The adverse effects on larval treatment also included the survival of pupae and adults. The pupation rate was strongly decreased after treatment with 16% fenugreek and celery. Moreover, adult emergence was suppressed after treatment of larvae with 8% mustard, 12% radish, and 16% fenugreek and celery oils. The number of emerged males exceeded the number of females, which could lead to population decline. Morphologic abnormalities of larvae, pupae, and adults were recorded after treatment with all tested oils. ConclusionThe results suggest that oils may represent new and safe potential insecticides for the control of blowflies. IntroductionThe larva of the blowfly, Lucilia sericata (Meigen) (Diptera: Calliphoridae), is a facultative ectoparasite infesting suppurative wounds of humans, 1-9 and animals, 4,6,10-12 and leading to myiasis -infestation with fly larvae.Lucilia sericata is found in wounds and natural orifices of humans and animals, particularly the mouth, eyes, and sinuses. 8 It causes itching, pain, inflammation, eosinophilia, erythema, and sometimes secondary bacterial infections. 2,8 In humans, the myiasis due to L. sericata was reported in 1826 by Meigen for the first time from a hospital patient. 2 Initial infestation and feeding activity of the larvae at the skin surface can lead to further oviposition, debilitation, and subsequent death in the case of neglect, 10 as a result of the development of chronic ammonia toxicity. 13 In addition, the larvae and adults of L. sericata act as passive vectors of Mycobacterium avium ssp. avium , Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis , and Mycobacterium avium hominissuis . 14 In humans, myiasis is a relatively frequent occurrence in rural regions, where people are in close contact with domestic animals. 6 Most patients originate from the poor stratum of society, dwelling in overcrowded, fly-infested premises that are often unsuitable for habitation. 9 Nosocomial myiasis in hospitalized patients occurs with moderate frequency.Bedridden patients with open wounds or sores may become infested if flies are present. 2,5,6 Accordingly, blowfly control is important, and has relied on the use of organophosphate and synthetic pyrethroid dips and sprays, 11,12,15 as well as insect growth regulators (IGRs). 11,16 As a result of concern over human safe...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Botanical insecticides are relatively harmless to nontarget organisms, including humans, and are also biodegradable and harmless to the environment 19 . Medicinal and herbaceous plants have been used to control insects 19–25 . Some plant extracts have been shown to be effective in controlling L. sericata 20,26,27 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The insecticidal activity of four medicinal plants against the blowfly Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

Khater

2009

Int J Dermatology

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“…[143][144][145] Mineral turpentine, with its active ingredient of low aromatic white spirits, has been shown to be effective against Chrysomya larvae and has been used as an adjunct in their removal. 113,146 Ethanol spray and oil of betel leaf have been used topically for the treatment of C hominivorax myiasis. 100,147 …”

Section: Larvicidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cutaneous myiasis

McGraw

Turiansky

2008

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology

152

259

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“…TCA1 TCA2 TCA3 TCA4 TOG1 TOG2 TOG3 TOG4 TOG5 TOG6 TOG7 Tchoumbougang et al, 2005) are known to possess many biological activities (Lahlou et al, 2004;Interaminense et al, 2005;Usip et al, 2006). Cassia alata is used in traditional medicine in various regions of the world; its inhibition activity on the growth of larvae of Chrysoma megacephala has been reported (Kumarasinghe et al, 2002). To our knowledge, this study is the first to report an antimalarial activity of the terpenic fraction of Cassia alata.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 68%

In vitro Antimalarial Activity of 11 Terpenes Isolated from Ocimum gratissimum and Cassia alata Leaves. Screening of Their Binding Affinity with Haemin

Kayembe¹,

Taba²,

Ntumba³

et al. 2012

JPS

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Eleven terpenes extracted from Cassia alata and Ocimum gratissimum leaves were screened for in vitro antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum and for their binding affinity with haemin in ethylene Glycol-water 3:7 solvent. Nine terpenes have promising antimalarial activity with IC 50 values below 1µg/ml; two terpenes showed a good activity with IC 50 values below 4µg/ml. All the terpenes bind strongly with haemin as shown by variation of absorbance of the haemin at λ 600nm in UV-Visible spectrum.

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Larvicidal effects of mineral turpentine, low aromatic white spirits, aqueous extracts of Cassia alata, and aqueous extracts, ethanolic extracts and essential oil of betel leaf (Piper betle) on Chrysomya megacephala

Abstract: MT and LAWS, the main ingredient of MT, were effective in killing Chrysomya larvae. Essential oil obtained from betel leaves also showed a dose-dependent larvicidal effect on Chrysomya larvae. This natural product may be effective in the treatment of wound myiasis.

Cited by 21 publications

References 3 publications

The insecticidal activity of four medicinal plants against the blowfly Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

The insecticidal activity of four medicinal plants against the blowfly Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

Cutaneous myiasis

In vitro Antimalarial Activity of 11 Terpenes Isolated from Ocimum gratissimum and Cassia alata Leaves. Screening of Their Binding Affinity with Haemin

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