In vitro Antimalarial Activity of 11 Terpenes Isolated from Ocimum gratissimum and Cassia alata Leaves. Screening of Their Binding Affinity with Haemin

Kayembe, J. S.; Taba, Kalulu M.; Ntumba, Kayembe; Kazadi, T. K.

doi:10.5539/jps.v1n2p168

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…Thus, several studies have con rmed the antiplasmodial activities of the most important antimalarial plant species mentioned in this study. For example, stem bark of Annickia polycarpa [41], stem bark of Nauclea latifolia [42], stem bark of Harungana madagascariensis [43], leaves of Gymnanthemum amygdalinum [44], leaves of Ocimum gratissimum [45] and leaves of Senna occidentalis [46] were con rmed e ciency to manage malaria and related symptoms. However, the stem bark of Alstonia boonei was revealed inactive for inhibition concentration higher than 50 µg/ml against Plasmodium falciparum in, in vitro culture [43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perception of malaria and cultural diversity of antimalarial plants in three sympatric ethnic groups: Agni, Akyé and Gwa of Alépé Department (Southeast of Côte d’Ivoire)

Diop

Malan

Kougbo

2021

Preprint

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Background Ethnic groups have developed their own cultures expressed in the form of traditional health care systems. This study aimed to determine how three sympatric communities with different histories, perceive and manage malaria, a disease with a high prevalence rate in the region. Methods An ethnobotanical survey was carried out in 10 villages of Agni, Akyé and Gwa communities. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 290 informants within all three communities. A correspondence analysis associated to hierarchical clusters was used to determine the form of malaria shared within informants. Then, the free listing technique was performed to indicate the plant species which was most important for the respondents. Besides, the Venn diagram coupled to Jaccard similarity index was used to report the homogeneity on antimalarial plants species used within the three studied communities. Moreover, the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare the most common antimalarial plant within communities. Finally, the fidelity level index was used to identify the most preferred plant species used to cure various forms of malaria. Results The three ethnic groups have overall a similar perception of malaria with various symptoms. However, they did not use the same plants to cure one form of this disease. The study recorded 77 medicinal plants used to cure malaria, in which, a few such as Annickia polycarpa, Gymnanthemum amygdalinum, Alstonia boonei, Nauclea latifolia, Harungana madagascariensis, Ocimum gratissimum and Senna occidentalis were the most important. The analysis of intracultural knowledge on antimalarial plants revealed that informants have shared a high knowledge. Meanwhile, there is an intercultural convergence about common plants used within communities. Therefore, 20 antimalarial plant species were shared within communities and actively used, through time. Finally, in terms of antimalarial plants knowledge, Akyé and Gwa communities were closer than Agni communities. Conclusions In spite of their different histories, the close contact of communities promote the sharing of the knowledge. People use the same important plants to cure malaria and know five forms of malaria. Knowledge on antimalarial plants does not reach a stable climax, but could be evolved by trial and error, as effective cures malaria.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perception of malaria and cultural diversity of antimalarial plants in three sympatric ethnic groups: Agni, Akyé and Gwa of Alépé Department (Southeast of Côte d’Ivoire)

Diop

Malan

Kougbo

2021

Preprint

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“…Many species of Senna are commonly used in foods and herbal medicine [85]. In different parts of the world, the whole Senna alata plant is currently being used in the treatment of flu, fever, malaria, and large number of other medical conditions due to the presence of bioactive compounds in the plant, including quinones, alkaloids, and terpenes [86][87][88][89][90]. The leaf extract of Senna alata considerably inhibited 3D7 strain of the Plasmodium falciparum parasite in vitro [87,88].…”

Section: Herbal Therapies Against Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In different parts of the world, the whole Senna alata plant is currently being used in the treatment of flu, fever, malaria, and large number of other medical conditions due to the presence of bioactive compounds in the plant, including quinones, alkaloids, and terpenes [86][87][88][89][90]. The leaf extract of Senna alata considerably inhibited 3D7 strain of the Plasmodium falciparum parasite in vitro [87,88]. Recently, it was determined that use of an aqueous extract obtained after boiling of 5 g of Senna leaves in 500 mL water for 10 min provided relief from virus symptoms in COVID-19 patients (unpublished data).…”

Section: Herbal Therapies Against Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant-Based Drugs and Vaccines for COVID-19

Mahmood

Nasir²,

Hefferon³

2020

Vaccines

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The coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has turned our own health and the world economy upside down. While several vaccine candidates are currently under development, antivirals with the potential to limit virus transmission or block infection are also being explored. Plant production platforms are being used to generate vaccines and antiviral proteins inexpensively and at mass scale. The following review discusses the biology and origins of the current coronavirus pandemic, and describes some of the conventional, synthetic, and plant-based approaches to address the challenge that it presents to our way of life.

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Therapeutic and Medicinal Uses of Terpenes

et al. 2019

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Terpene is a natural compound with various medical properties and found in both plants and animals (Gershenzon 2007). Among natural products that mediate antagonistic and beneficial interactions within the organism, terpene play a variety of roles (Gershenzon 2007). Terpene protects many living organisms like microorganisms, animals and plants from abiotic and biotic stresses (Gershenzon 2007). Terpene can ward off pathogens, predators, and competitors. Living organisms use terpene for multiple reasons like medicinal purposes and communications about food, mates, or enemies (Gershenzon 2007). It is impressive how different organisms use terpene for common purposes even though terpene contain many forms and varieties (Gershenzon 2007). So far only a small percentage of terpene is investigated (Franklin et al. 2001). Cannabis is one of the most common sources for the medicinal terpene (Franklin et al. 2001). This plant contains many medicinal properties like anticancer, antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, antihyperglycemic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antiparasitic (Franklin et al. 2001). Terpene is also used to enhance skin penetration, prevent inflammatory diseases (Franklin et al. 2001). Nowadays modern medication use large scales of terpene for various treatment drugs (Franklin et al. 2001). There are commonly used plants like tea (Melaleuca alternifolia), thyme, Cannabis, Salvia lavandulifolia (Spanish sage), citrus fruits (lemon, orange, mandarin) etc. that provide wide range of medicinal values (Perry et al. 2000). Tea tree oil has increased in popularity in recent years when it comes to alternative medicine (Perry et al. 2000). Tea tree oil is a volatile essential oil and is famous for its antimicrobial properties, and acts as the active ingredient that is used to treat cutaneous infections (Carson et al. 2006) Apart from the flavor that gives to food, essential oil contain antimicrobial properties (Bound et al. 2015). Thyme is one of plants that synthesize terpene alcohols and phenols which contain powerful antibacterial and antifungal properties (Bound et al. 2015). Terpene synthesized from cannabis also long served as medicines (Perry et al. 2000). They also contain psychoactive properties and used against many infectious diseases (Perry et al. 2000). Salvia lavandulifolia is famous for anti-dementia (current memory-enhancing) drugs by enhancing Table 15.1 Different types of terpenes and their properties Classification Carbon atoms Species produced from Medicinal uses References Monoterpenes C 10 Quercus ilex Fragrances, repellent Loreto et al. (2002) Sesquiterpenes C 15 Helianthus annuus Treat malaria, treat bacterial infections, and migraines Chadwick et al. (2013) Diterpenes C 20 Euphorbia, salvia miltiorrhiza Anti-inflammatory, cardiovascular diseases Vasas and Hohmann (2014), Zhang et al. (2012) Triterpenes C 30 Centella asiatica Wound healing, increases circulation James and Dubery (2009) D. Cox-Georgian et al.

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In vitro Antimalarial Activity of 11 Terpenes Isolated from Ocimum gratissimum and Cassia alata Leaves. Screening of Their Binding Affinity with Haemin

Cited by 6 publications

References 21 publications

Perception of malaria and cultural diversity of antimalarial plants in three sympatric ethnic groups: Agni, Akyé and Gwa of Alépé Department (Southeast of Côte d’Ivoire)

Perception of malaria and cultural diversity of antimalarial plants in three sympatric ethnic groups: Agni, Akyé and Gwa of Alépé Department (Southeast of Côte d’Ivoire)

Plant-Based Drugs and Vaccines for COVID-19

Therapeutic and Medicinal Uses of Terpenes

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