Larval competition alters susceptibility of adult<i>Aedes</i>mosquitoes to dengue infection

Alto, Barry W.; Lounibos, L. Phillip; Mores, Christopher N.; Reiskind, Michael H.

doi:10.1098/rspb.2007.1497

Cited by 194 publications

(202 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(89 reference statements)

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“…Reduced host resistance and immune function under predation risk have been demonstrated in a number of invertebrate host -pathogen systems ( [36] and references therein). In mosquitoes, previous studies have shown that larval environmental factors, including competition and nutritional deprivation, can have latent effects on susceptibility to pathogens in subsequent adult stages [20,37]. Here, we found that predator exposure during immature mosquito developmental stages does not modify adult susceptibility to malaria parasites, suggesting that in this system there is no trade-off between anti-predatory and antimalaria defences.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

Evidence for carry-over effects of predator exposure on pathogen transmission potential

et al. 2015

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Accumulating evidence indicates that species interactions such as competition and predation can indirectly alter interactions with other community members, including parasites. For example, presence of predators can induce behavioural defences in the prey, resulting in a change in susceptibility to parasites. Such predator-induced phenotypic changes may be especially pervasive in prey with discrete larval and adult stages, for which exposure to predators during larval development can have strong carry-over effects on adult phenotypes. To the best of our knowledge, no study to date has examined possible carry-over effects of predator exposure on pathogen transmission. We addressed this question using a natural food web consisting of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum, the mosquito vector Anopheles coluzzii and a backswimmer, an aquatic predator of mosquito larvae. Although predator exposure did not significantly alter mosquito susceptibility to P. falciparum, it incurred strong fitness costs on other key mosquito life-history traits, including larval development, adult size, fecundity and longevity. Using an epidemiological model, we show that larval predator exposure should overall significantly decrease malaria transmission. These results highlight the importance of taking into account the effect of environmental stressors on disease ecology and epidemiology.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

Evidence for carry-over effects of predator exposure on pathogen transmission potential

et al. 2015

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“…Similar conditions are observed in Aedes mosquitoes in other natural larval habitats (BRADSHAW & HOLZAPFEL 1992, CLEMENTS 1992, RENSHAW et al 1994, which affects larval development and population growth (BROADIE & BRADSHAW 1991, RENSHAW et al 1994, MUNSTERMANN & CONN 1997, LORD 1998. Such competitive interactions and resultant effects on the prospective viral role have been established by different studies (ALTO et al 2008a, 2008b, PADMANABHA et al 2011, MUTURI et al 2012. Exploration of resourcebased competition and its effect on the life history traits of Ae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…aegypti (MOORE & FISHER 1969), or of Ae. albopictus, and in a few instances, both species were equal as competitors (BLACK et al 1989, HO et al 1989, DAUGHERTY et al 2000, LOUNIBOS et al 2002, ALTO et al 2005, 2008a, MURRELL & JULIANO 2008. On a comparative scale, the outcome of competitive interactions is context-dependent, with the presence of one food type favouring one of the two species (DAUGHERTY et al 2000, MURRELL & JULIANO 2008.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…aegypti and Ae. albopictus to a considerable extent (AGNEW et al 2002, JULIANO 2009 and can thus be considered a vital factor for disease transmission potential (ALTO et al 2008a(ALTO et al , 2008b. The disease transmission potential of dengue vectors is linked with the fitness of the mosquitoes (JULIANO et al 2014), reflected through body size and various life history traits that are influenced by larval development and the resources acquired during the larval stages.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of food types on competitive interaction between Aedes aegypti (LINNAEUS, 1762) and Ae. albopictus (SKUSE, 1894) (Diptera, Culicidae): a proximate level appraisal

Mohan¹,

Pramanik²,

Banerjee³

et al. 2017

Polish Journal of Entomology

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ABSTRACT. Competitive interactions between coexistingAedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus have been implied as a crucial factor shaping life history traits and population characteristics. The overlap in resource requirements and similarities in the life history strategies of the two Aedes mosquitoes form a basis for competitive interactions. In the present study, the role of the food quality of the larval habitats in influencing the outcome of competition between Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus is evaluated to highlight food quality as a basis for asymmetric competitive outcomes. Instar I larvae of the two mosquitoes were reared using conspecifics or heterospecifics of constant size and equal ratio with four different food types: boiled rice, boiled pulses, a mixture of boiled rice and pulses, and fish food. Competitive interactions were evaluated using age at pupation (AP), pupal weight (PW), dry adult weight (AW) and wing length (WL) with respect to intra-and interspecific competition for the two sexes of each mosquito species. The results show that Ae. albopictus developed faster but achieved a smaller size compared to Ae. aegypti under interspecific competition conditions, the extent of the difference varying significantly with the food type. Given the variety of food resources available in the small container larval habitats, the results of the study imply that food quality may act differentially with respect to larval development and adult body size, depending on the conspecifics or heterospecifics and on the sex of the species concerned. The dominance of one species over the other may also be a consequence of the resource utilization pattern that varies in the larval habitats.

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“…aegypti development time to pupation but not infection barriers such as immune system function. Alto et al (2008) also documented species-specific differences in effects of larval competition on DENV-2 infection rates in Ae. aegypti and Ae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Larval Temperature–Food Effects on Adult Mosquito Infection and Vertical Transmission of Dengue-1 Virus

2015

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Temperature-food interactions in the larval environment can affect life history and population growth of container mosquitoes Aedes aegypti (L.) and Aedes albopictus Skuse, the primary vectors of chikungunya and dengue viruses. We used Ae. aegypti, Ae. albopictus, and dengue-1 virus (DENV-1) from Florida to investigate whether larval rearing temperature can alter the effects of larval food levels on Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus life history and DENV-1 infection and vertical transmission. Although we found no effect of larval treatments on survivorship to adulthood, DENV-1 titer, or DENV-1 vertical transmission, rates of vertical transmission up to 16-24% were observed in Ae. albopictus and Ae. aegypti, which may contribute to maintenance of this virus in nature. Larval treatments had no effect on number of progeny and DENV-1 infection in Ae. aegypti, but the interaction between temperature and food affected number of progeny and DENV-1 infection of the female Ae. albopictus parent. The cooler temperature (24 C) yielded the most progeny and this effect was accentuated by high food relative to the other conditions. Low and high food led to the highest ($90%) and lowest ($65%) parental infection at the cooler temperature, respectively, whereas intermediate infection rates ($75-80%) were observed for all food conditions at the elevated temperature. These results suggest that temperature and food availability have minimal influence on rate of vertical transmission and a stronger influence on adults of Ae. albopictus than of Ae. aegypti, which could have consequences for dengue virus epidemiology.

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Larval competition alters susceptibility of adultAedesmosquitoes to dengue infection

Cited by 194 publications

References 56 publications

Evidence for carry-over effects of predator exposure on pathogen transmission potential

Evidence for carry-over effects of predator exposure on pathogen transmission potential

Effect of food types on competitive interaction between Aedes aegypti (LINNAEUS, 1762) and Ae. albopictus (SKUSE, 1894) (Diptera, Culicidae): a proximate level appraisal

Larval Temperature–Food Effects on Adult Mosquito Infection and Vertical Transmission of Dengue-1 Virus

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