Larval and Early Post-Larval Development of Arctica Islandica

Hoare, K.; Davenport, John

doi:10.1017/s0025315400044039

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…A similar structure has been described in several bivalve families including Articidae (Lutz et al, 1982), Cardiidae (Creek, 1960), Laternulidae (Ansell and Harvey, 1997), Lucinidae (Alatalo et al, 1984;Gros et al, 1997), Pandoridae (Allen, 1961), Pectinidae (Hodgson and Burke, 1988), Semelidae (Hughes, 1971;Frenkiel and Moueza, 1979), Solemyidae Reid, 1986, 1988a;Gustafson and Lutz, 1992), Thyasiridae (Blacknell and Ansell, 1974), and Veneridae (Loosanoff and Davis, 1950;Ansell, 1961). In L. aequizonata, the jelly coat appears to be composed of only one layer whereas in C. orbicularis the jelly coat was composed of an inner layer overlying the vitelline membrane and an outer layer distinguishable using phase contrast .…”

Section: Embryonic Developmentsupporting

confidence: 70%

Embryonic development and endosymbiont transmission mode in the symbiotic clamLucinoma aequizonata(Bivalvia: Lucinidae)

Gros¹,

Duplessis

Felbeck

1999

Invertebrate Reproduction & Development

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Lucinoma aequizonata is a large lucinid clam which lives in reducing mud around 500m deep. Adults harbor intracellular chemoautotrophic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria in specialized gill cells called bacteriocytes. The embryonic and early larval development of L. aequizonata is described by using light and scanning electron microscopy. Gametes were obtained by injection of 0.2ml of 4 mM serotonin solution in seawater into the posterior adductor muscle. The oocytes, 200 ym in diameter, are surrounded by a glycoprotein capsule which gives to the egg a total diameter of 500ym. The development which occurs at 10°C is slow. The first polar body is detected 2.5 h after contact between sperm and oocytes (T0+2.5 h), and the first cleavage begins 10 h later (T,+12.5 h). The following successive cleavages produce a nonciliated morula, then a ciliated gastrula which begins to rotate within the egg-capsule at T0+4.5 days. At this stage, the first shell pellicle appears on the dorsal side of the embryo. At T0+8 days, the trochophore larvae develop discrete ciliary bands which constitute the prototroch. Typical straight-hinge veligers, D-shaped larvae, hatch from the egg-capsule 12 days after fertilization. The newly hatched larvae are 240 ym in length and 200 ym in height, and the straight hinge 150pm long. To elucidate the symbiont transmission mode, two symbiont-specific primers were designed and used in amplifications by PCR. This primer set was unsuccessful in amplifying symbiont DNA targets from mature gonads, spawned oocytes, eggs, and veligers whereas successful amplifications were obtained from symbiont-containing gill tissues. These data rule out the vertical transmission mode and strongly suggest that the symbionts are environmentally transmitted to the new host generation in L. aequizonata as for all tropical lucinids examined to date. 94 0. Gros et al. / IRD 36 (1 999) 93-1 03Introduction laboratory without symbionts using sterilized sand.

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Section: Embryonic Developmentsupporting

confidence: 70%

Embryonic development and endosymbiont transmission mode in the symbiotic clamLucinoma aequizonata(Bivalvia: Lucinidae)

Gros¹,

Duplessis

Felbeck

1999

Invertebrate Reproduction & Development

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“…The reduction in copper tolerance to the adult level is gradual and completed when a shell length of about 5 mm is reached (Hoare & Davenport 1994). Sub-lethal effects occur at much lower concentrations; Beaumont et al ( l 9871 found a small but significant reduction in vel~ger shell growth at 20 ppb added copper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of exposure and previous exposure to copper on growth of veliger larvae and survivorship of Mytilus edulis juveniles

Hoare¹,

Davenport²,

Beaumont³

1995

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Exposure of Mytilus edulis L. (Molluscs: Bivalvia) to 8 ppb (ppb = 1-lg I-') added copper during the vellger larval or post-larval (spat) stages has no significant effects on survivorship or shell growth However, previous exposure to 8 ppb added copper d u r~n g the embryo stage significantly Increases veliger growth rate and decreases spat survivorship in a population from the Menal S t r a~t , Wales, UK, in which this level of copper causes a slgnlflcant increase in embryo abnormality No such effects of pre-exposure are seen in a population from the Westerschelde, The Netherlands, where 8 ppb added copper does not constitute a stress on the embryo. These 'pre-incubation' (embryo exposure) effects far outweigh any direct influence of 8 ppb copper exposure d u n n g the later stages a n d have a substantial effect on estimates of the toxlcity of copper over the llfe cycle of M e d u l~s

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“…In previous examinations (Le Pennec, 1973Pennec, ,1980Lutz & Hidu, 1979;Lutz et al, 1982;Ramorino & Campos, 1983;, details of hinge structures revealed with scanning electron microscopy proved to be of great value in discriminating between larval bivalves. The simple structure of the larval venerid hinge, however, prohibited positive identification of the studied larvae at taxonomic levels below that of family.…”

Section: Larvaementioning

confidence: 94%

“…The shell length of the prodissoconch I was not significantly different (P>0-05) between the taxa. The ligament pit, indicative of competence for metamorphosis (Lutz et al, 1982),…”

Section: Larvae Chioninaementioning

confidence: 99%

Larval and early postlarval shell morphology of several venerid clams

Goodsell

Fuller²,

Eversole

et al. 1992

J. Mar. Biol. Ass.

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Shell morphological features of the larvae and early postlarvae of species from two venerid (Mollusca: Lamellibranchia) subfamilies, Chioninae (Mercenaria mercenaria, M. campechiensis,M. campechiensis texana and Chionecancellata) and Pitarinae (Pitar morrhuanus),were examined using scanning electron microscopy. A single elongated fold on the anterior half of the left valve became more robust and a small fold in the centre of the right valve increased in length along the hinge line throughout the larval period. A MANOVA of shell length, shell height and provinculum length detected statistically significant (P<005) differences between the larval shells of Chioninae and Pitarinae, and within the Mercenaria.Subtle differences in shape of the postlarval shell margin and the four hinge teeth are documented with scanning electron micrographs. Comparison of micrographs of similarly sized postlarvae allowed for discrimination between postlarval Chioninae and Pitarinae. Postlarvae of P. morrhuanus were the smallest and postlarvae of Mercenaria taxa the largest at tooth emergence. No significant differences in the relationships of shell length to shell height of postlarvae were found between the species examined with MANOVA.

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Larval and Early Post-Larval Development of Arctica Islandica

Cited by 15 publications

References 19 publications

Embryonic development and endosymbiont transmission mode in the symbiotic clamLucinoma aequizonata(Bivalvia: Lucinidae)

Embryonic development and endosymbiont transmission mode in the symbiotic clamLucinoma aequizonata(Bivalvia: Lucinidae)

Effects of exposure and previous exposure to copper on growth of veliger larvae and survivorship of Mytilus edulis juveniles

Larval and early postlarval shell morphology of several venerid clams

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