Large zonal and temporal shifts in crops and cultivars coincide with warmer growing seasons in Finland

Peltonen‐Sainio, Pirjo; Jauhiainen, Lauri

doi:10.1007/s10113-020-01682-x

Cited by 31 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(61 reference statements)

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“…3c and 4b). There was a moderately strong and uniform agreement among respondents that agricultural expansion and intensification in boreal and Arctic regions increases the risks of GHG emissions, which is in line to recent research results (King et al 2018;Peltonen-Sainio and Jauhiainen 2020;. The impact of an expanding agriculture on environmental quality and biodiversity at local and global scales ranked particularly high by respondents having no connection to research and to a lesser extent by researchers (Fig.…”

Section: Future Challenges Prioritized By Expertssupporting

confidence: 85%

Agriculture in boreal and Arctic regions requires an integrated global approach for research and policy

Altdorff

Borchard

Young

et al. 2021

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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Under food security concerns and accelerated global warming, northern regions are becoming new agricultural frontiers. While diverse regional, national, and local policies support northern agricultural intensification and expansion through land use conversion, the scope and environmental consequences of northern agriculture are yet to be fully understood. As northern agriculture is poised to increase its role in both the local and global food production, its sustainable growth depends on a comprehensive understanding of opportunities and challenges. To evaluate the current perception of the status of northern agricultural research and the extent to which there is a need for a coordinated approach to its growth, we developed a targeted survey delivered online. Questions are aimed at revealing similarities and discrepancies in the awareness of northern agriculture and obtaining feedback on the need for a global synchronization of research and development. Out of 309 respondents, a curated dataset of 238 respondents was employed for analysis. This included respondents with knowledge and expertise in boreal and/or Arctic agriculture (41%), of temperate and/or alpine agriculture (37%), and other respondents (22%). Most are involved in agricultural (60%) or applied environmental (23.5%) sciences. Results revealed that scientists working in the northern regions are cautiously optimistic about climate change-driven expansion of northern agriculture while also realistic about the need for environmentally sustainable agricultural systems. Respondents with limited exposure to northern agriculture were more pessimistic about its expansion. Surprisingly, there was a limited and inconsistent knowledge of extant networks and research entities focusing on northern agriculture research. Nevertheless, there was a strong consensus that a concerted approach among multiple disciplines and across global regions would benefit northern agriculture and its ongoing growth. The survey's results illuminate for the very first time the need for better coordination and a greater emphasis on northern agriculture under climate change.

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Section: Future Challenges Prioritized By Expertssupporting

confidence: 85%

Agriculture in boreal and Arctic regions requires an integrated global approach for research and policy

Altdorff

Borchard

Young

et al. 2021

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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show abstract

“…However, success with CCs is highly condition dependent, and thereby, it calls for an understanding of how the benefits provided by CCs can be attained in each region [6]. Decision support systems need to acknowledge special local features of the farming systems-and high-latitude conditions bring with plenty of specialties for agricultural production, e.g., concerning crop choices, crop growth dynamics, production risks [7][8][9][10] and risks to environment [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Come Out of a Hiding Place: How Are Cover Crops Allocated on Finnish Farms?

Peltonen‐Sainio

Jauhiainen

2022

Sustainability

Self Cite

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Cover crops (CCs) may provide many ecosystem services for crop production systems, and interest has increased in the cultivation of CCs among Finnish farmers. Piloting farmers applied for agricultural payments to support the cultivation of CCs (AP-CCs) in 2020. Novel data with a total of 34,515 field parcels with CCs from 5747 farms was used to assess how farmers allocated CCs depending on farm and parcel characteristics. Pioneering farmers often had conventional, large farms with cereal areas exceeding 25%, and expertise with special crop(s). Conventional farmers seemed to allocate CCs to large parcels. The allocation of CCs was not solely dictated by cash crops. Cover crops were planted more frequently in parcels close to waterways. Conventional farmers allocated CCs to parcels with a history of highly monotonous cereal sequencing. Hence, farmers seem to benefit from ecosystem services provided by CCs: increasing spatial diversity, reducing the environmental footprint, and improving soil health. This novel understanding is used to support the implementation of CCs beyond pilot farms and to develop a decision support system for their allocation. The ultimate goal is to support a transition towards more sustainable crop production systems with currently underutilized CCs in high-latitude conditions.

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“…rapa . Among these, different types of rape, oilseed rape and turnip rape are widely cultivated in all the three countries from which the honey samples originate [ 88 , 89 ]. Our data would suggests that the honeybee uses Brassica frequently and abundantly, and Brassica is thus a large contributor to honey crops.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconstructing the ecosystem context of a species: Honey-borne DNA reveals the roles of the honeybee

et al. 2022

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To assess a species’ impact on its environment–and the environment’s impact upon a species–we need to pinpoint its links to surrounding taxa. The honeybee (Apis mellifera) provides a promising model system for such an exercise. While pollination is an important ecosystem service, recent studies suggest that honeybees can also provide disservices. Developing a comprehensive understanding of the full suite of services and disservices that honeybees provide is a key priority for such a ubiquitous species. In this perspective paper, we propose that the DNA contents of honey can be used to establish the honeybee’s functional niche, as reflected by ecosystem services and disservices. Drawing upon previously published genomic data, we analysed the DNA found within 43 honey samples from Northern Europe. Based on metagenomic analysis, we find that the taxonomic composition of DNA is dominated by a low pathogenicity bee virus with 40.2% of the reads, followed by bacteria (16.7%), plants (9.4%) and only 1.1% from fungi. In terms of ecological roles of taxa associated with the bees or taxa in their environment, bee gut microbes dominate the honey DNA, with plants as the second most abundant group. A range of pathogens associated with plants, bees and other animals occur frequently, but with lower relative read abundance, across the samples. The associations found here reflect a versatile the honeybee’s role in the North-European ecosystem. Feeding on nectar and pollen, the honeybee interacts with plants–in particular with cultivated crops. In doing so, the honeybee appears to disperse common pathogens of plants, pollinators and other animals, but also microbes potentially protective of these pathogens. Thus, honey-borne DNA helps us define the honeybee’s functional niche, offering directions to expound the benefits and drawbacks of the associations to the honeybee itself and its interacting organisms.

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Large zonal and temporal shifts in crops and cultivars coincide with warmer growing seasons in Finland

Cited by 31 publications

References 46 publications

Agriculture in boreal and Arctic regions requires an integrated global approach for research and policy

Agriculture in boreal and Arctic regions requires an integrated global approach for research and policy

Come Out of a Hiding Place: How Are Cover Crops Allocated on Finnish Farms?

Reconstructing the ecosystem context of a species: Honey-borne DNA reveals the roles of the honeybee

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