Large Sunflower Seeds are Characterized by Low Embryo Vigor

Saranga, Yehoshua; Levi, Avishag; Horčička, P.; Wolf, Shmuel

doi:10.21273/jashs.123.3.470

Cited by 10 publications

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“…Neither very small (15 to 20 mg) nor very large (>40 mg) seeds of the cultivar 'Noy Yizre'el' germinated well (Table 5 and unpresented data). Many reports, especially in field crops, show the advantages of large seeds over small ones (de Marco, 1990;Kolawole and Kang, 1997;Naylor, 1993), but there are contradictory data as well (Saranga et al, 1998). The results presented here indicate that in muskmelons there was no significant effect of the seed size on germination as long as they were not extremely small or extremely large.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 46%

Relationship Between Plant Density and Fruit and Seed Production in Muskmelon

Nerson¹

2002

jashs

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Field experiments were conducted in 1996 and 1997 to examine the effects of plant density on yield and quality of fruit and seeds of muskmelons (Cucumis melo L.). Two open-pollinated cultivars, Noy Yizre'el (Ha'Ogen type) and TopMark (western U.S. shipper type), were grown at plant densities ranging from 0.5 to 16.0 plants/m2 under commercial conditions. The highest marketable fruit yields were achieved with plant densities of 2 to 4 plants/m2. In contrast, the highest seed yields were obtained at 8 to 12 plants/m2. Seed yield index [seed yield (g)/fruit yield (kg)] was used as a parameter to define seed production efficiency. High seed yield was closely related to high value of the seed yield index. High seed yield indexes resulted from high plant densities (up to 12 plants/m2), at which the crops produced many, but relatively small fruit. In all cases, the seed yield per fruit (seed number and seed size) increased with increasing fruit weight. However, the sum of the seed yield of two small fruit was always greater than the seed yield of one, double-sized fruit. There was a clear exception with extremely small fruit (<500 g), which produced both low seed yields and poor seed quality. A positive relationship was found between fruit size and seed size in both cultivars. Nevertheless, relatively small seeds (25 to 30 mg) extracted from relatively small fruit (500 to 1000 g) showed the best performance in terms of germination and emergence percentages and rates, and in the vegetative development vigor of the seedlings.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 46%

Relationship Between Plant Density and Fruit and Seed Production in Muskmelon

Nerson¹

2002

jashs

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“…Previous works on wheat have shown that grain weight or size had no significant effect on germination [29,30], while other papers have reported that seed size was correlated with final seed germination and vigorous seedlings [31,32]. In sunflower it has been shown that the effect of seed size was significant on germination percentage, the germination of large seeds being less important [33,34]. Our results show that there is no correlation between vigor parameters and seed weight in sunflower.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Correlative Study of Sunflower Seed Vigor Components as Related to Genetic Background

Saux

Bleys²,

André³

et al. 2020

Plants

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Seed vigor is an important trait that determines seed performance in the field, which corresponds to seed germination rate and seedling establishment. Previous works brought helpful equations to calculate several parameters allowing vigor characterization. In this work we used base water potential (Ψb), base temperature (Tb) and seed lot (Ki) constants to characterize the vigor of 44 sunflower seed lots. Contrasting responses to water or temperature stress and storage potential were recorded within this population, the most interesting being the opposite responses between Ψb and Ki. The genotypes that were resistant to water stress presented low ability for storage and vice versa. Furthermore, Ψb and Ki presented narrow ranges while Tb showed important variability within the 44 genotypes. The analysis of the whole dataset showed that these constants are not correlated to each other or to the seed size, suggesting that genetic background is the most important determining factor in seed performance. Consequently, vigor characterization of genotypes is needed in the crop selection process in order to optimize agricultural productivity.

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“…Although unusual, such findings are not unprecedented. Small seeds of crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum), wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum), Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum), and sunflower (Helianthus annuus) had higher germination levels than large seeds (Moore 1943;Hewston 1964;Naylor 1981;Saranga et al 1998). As mentioned earlier, extreme cold winter temperatures during seed matura- (a) A germinated seed with a holdfast (at unlabeled black arrow) formed at the base of a jack pine spur shoot; (b) same seed as in (a) but in longitudinal section; and (c) same longitudinal section but at higher magnification.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Germination, penetration, and infection by Arceuthobium americanum on Pinus banksiana

Brandt¹,

Hiratsuka²

2005

Can. J. For. Res.

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Information on the establishment of Arceuthobium americanum Nutt. ex Engelm. on its host, jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.), is required to improve knowledge of this critical development stage and improve pest management. Laboratory and field observations on four populations of A. americanum seeds from Alberta collected in 2000 and 2001 and histological observations on one population were used to determine the timing and histopathology of parasite establishment on jack pine. Seed germination remained near zero until 110 d after placing seeds in storage; germination peaked after 230 d in 2001 and between 230 and 320 d in 2002. Interannual variation in germination timing at study sites was high. Interannual variation in percentage of germination was low, as was variation in percentage of germination from different seed sources. Germinated seeds of each seed source were significantly larger (48%) than seeds that did not germinate. Penetration at the base of spur shoots began during June-August and usually continued until June-July of the next year. The odds of infection when the germinant survived until the second growing season were 26-55 times greater than the odds of infection when the germinant withered in the first growing season. Symptoms of infection usually occurred 13-15 months after germination and were consistent for all seed sources and sites. Résumé: Il est nécessaire d'acquérir de l'information au sujet de l'établissement d'Arceuthobium americanum Nutt. ex Engelm. sur son hôte, Pinus banksiana Lamb., pour avoir une meilleure connaissance de ce stade critique de dévelop-pement et améliorer la gestion des ravageurs. Des observations en laboratoire et sur le terrain portant sur quatre populations de graines d'A. americanum, faites en 2000 et 2001 en Alberta, et des observations histologiques dans une population ont servi à déterminer le moment et l'histopathologie de l'établissement de ce parasite sur le pin gris. La germination des graines est demeurée presque nulle jusqu'à 110 j après que les graines eurent été entreposées. Elle a atteint un sommet après 230 j en 2001 et entre 230 et 320 j en 2002.La variation dans le moment de la germination était élevée dans les sites à l'étude. La variation interannuelle du pourcentage de germination était faible, ainsi que la variation dans le pourcentage de germination entre les différents lots de graines. Dans chaque lot de graines, les graines qui ont germé étaient significativement (48 %) plus grosses que celles qui n'ont pas germé. La pénétration à la base des branches fruitières commençait en juin-août et continuait habituellement jusqu'en juin-juillet de l'année suivante. Lorsque le germinat survivait jusqu'à la deuxième saison de croissance, les chances d'infection étaient 26-55 fois plus élevées que s'il flétrissait durant la première saison de croissance. Les symptômes de l'infection apparaissaient habituellement 13-15 mois après la germination et étaient consistants pour tous les lots de graines et tous les sites.[Traduit par la Rédaction] Brandt et al. 1...

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Large Sunflower Seeds are Characterized by Low Embryo Vigor

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Relationship Between Plant Density and Fruit and Seed Production in Muskmelon

Relationship Between Plant Density and Fruit and Seed Production in Muskmelon

A Correlative Study of Sunflower Seed Vigor Components as Related to Genetic Background

Germination, penetration, and infection by Arceuthobium americanum on Pinus banksiana

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