Large-Scale Laboratory Maintenance of Schistosoma mansoni, with Observations on Three Schistosome/Snail Host Combinations

Lewis, Fred A.; Stirewált, M. A.; Souza, Cecília Pereira de; Gazzinelli, Giovanni

doi:10.2307/3281829

Cited by 119 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…When rearing snails, it is sometimes seen that inadvertent selection can lower susceptibility to the parasite (Lewis et al, 1986). This results in a need for greater numbers of personnel and more space to offset this lower susceptibility.…”

Section: Snail/parasite Strain Combinationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Schistosomiasis

Lewis

1998

CP in Immunology

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Schistosomiasis is the second most important parasitic disease in the world in terms of public health impact. Globally, it is estimated that the disease affects over 200 million people and is responsible for 200,000 deaths each year. The three major schistosomes infecting humans are Schistosoma mansoni, S. japonicum, and S. haematobium. Much immunological research has focused on schistosomiasis because of the pathological effects of the disease, which include liver fibrosis and bladder dysfunction. This Unit covers a wide range of aspects of maintaining the life cycles of these parasites, including preparation of schistosome egg antigen, maintenance of intermediate snail hosts, infection of the definitive and intermediate hosts, and others. The Unit primariiy focues on S. mansoni, but also includes coverage of S. japonicum and S. haematobium life cycles.

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Section: Snail/parasite Strain Combinationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several detailed reviews have described the maintenance features of this snail for the most efficient production of the parasite (Bruce et al, 1971;Lewis et al, 1986;Liang et al, 1987). Reports in the literature have also described the maintenance of Oncomelania hupensis ssp.…”

Section: Support Protocol 4: Snail Propagation and Maintenancementioning

confidence: 99%

Schistosomiasis

Lewis

1998

CP in Immunology

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“…parasites or 'unexposed'. The success rate of exposure (defined as the percentage of snails that go on to develop patent infections) is 80-100% for B. glabrata exposed to S. mansoni (Lewis et al, 1986) and 30-70% for B. truncatus exposed to S. haematobium (Tucker et al, 2013). Not all exposed snails in the group develop full, patent infections, but we assumed that exposed snails were infected for some to all of the experimental period.…”

Section: Animals and Aquariamentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection with schistosome parasites in snails leads to increased predation by prawns: implications for human schistosomiasis control

Swartz

Leo

Wood

et al. 2015

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Schistosomiasis -a parasitic disease that affects over 200 million people across the globe -is primarily transmitted between human definitive hosts and snail intermediate hosts. To reduce schistosomiasis transmission, some have advocated disrupting the schistosome life cycle through biological control of snails, achieved by boosting the abundance of snails' natural predators. But little is known about the effect of parasitic infection on predator-prey interactions, especially in the case of schistosomiasis. Here, we present the results of laboratory experiments performed on Bulinus truncatus and Biomphalaria glabrata snails to investigate: (i) rates of predation on schistosome-infected versus uninfected snails by a sympatric native river prawn, Macrobrachium vollenhovenii, and (ii) differences in snail behavior (including movement, refuge-seeking and anti-predator behavior) between infected and uninfected snails. In predation trials, prawns showed a preference for consuming snails infected with schistosome larvae. In behavioral trials, infected snails moved less quickly and less often than uninfected snails, and were less likely to avoid predation by exiting the water or hiding under substrate. Although the mechanism by which the parasite alters snail behavior remains unknown, these results provide insight into the effects of parasitic infection on predator-prey dynamics and suggest that boosting natural rates of predation on snails may be a useful strategy for reducing transmission in schistosomiasis hotspots.

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“…Cercariae were collected 35-45 days postinfection by exposing the snails to continuous light for 2 hours at room temperature (RT). 17 Twenty-six, 6-week-old female C57Bl/6 mice were purchased from Charles River (St. Constant, Canada).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Constant, Canada). Twenty of the mice were infected by tail penetration (200 cercariae) as previously described, 17 and six uninfected animals served as controls. All animal experiments were performed in accordance with the guidelines of the Canadian Council on Animal Care and with approval of the Animal Care Committee of McGill University.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Carbonic Anhydrase 1 is a Biomarker for Diagnosis of Human Schistosoma mansoni Infection

Kardoush

Ward

Ndao

2017

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Schistosoma mansoni is a major public health threat in many parts of the world. The current diagnostic tests for schistosomiasis are suboptimal, particularly early in infection, when the parasite burden is low and with reinfection after treatment. We sought to identify novel biomarkers of active infection by studying serum proteins in a mouse model of schistosomiasis followed by confirmation in chronically infected patients. Acute (6 weeks) and chronic (12 weeks) sera from S. mansoni-infected C57Bl/6 mice as well as sera from chronically infected patients were assessed using two proteomic platforms: surface-enhanced, laser desorption and ionization, time-of-flight mass spectrometry and Velos Orbitrap mass spectrometry. Several candidate biomarkers were further evaluated by Western blot and/or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Among the most promising was carbonic anhydrase 1 (CA1), a host protein found primarily in red blood cells and enterocytes that proved to be a negative biomarker for schistosomiasis in both mouse and human samples. Reduced serum CA-1 levels were confirmed by both Western blot (murine and human: both P < 0.001) and ELISA (human: P < 0.01). Western blots of serial mouse sera revealed a progressive reduction in serum CA1 levels over the 12-week infection period. CA1 is a promising negative serum biomarker for the diagnosis of S. mansoni infection.

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Large-Scale Laboratory Maintenance of Schistosoma mansoni, with Observations on Three Schistosome/Snail Host Combinations

Cited by 119 publications

References 41 publications

Schistosomiasis

Schistosomiasis

Infection with schistosome parasites in snails leads to increased predation by prawns: implications for human schistosomiasis control

Serum Carbonic Anhydrase 1 is a Biomarker for Diagnosis of Human Schistosoma mansoni Infection

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