Large-scale changes in dendritic structure during reorganization of adult somatosensory cortex

Hickmott, P. W.; Steen, Patricia A.

doi:10.1038/nn1384

Cited by 76 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Although previous histologic and acute imaging studies have shown that sensory deprivation or stroke can alter the overall appearance of mature dendrites (Brown et al, 2007;Hickmott and Steen, 2005;Tailby et al, 2005), direct time-lapse images, showing the process by which these structures change, are lacking. Therefore, we analyzed changes in the length of each dendritic branch tip over time and grouped each one according to their location relative to the infarct (four groups, see Figure 5A).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, few studies have reported large-scale changes in the structure of mature dendritic arbors (particularly the apical tree), although histologic studies have reported changes in basilar dendrite complexity and orientation in response to enriched environments (Wallace et al, 1992), sensory deprivation (Hickmott and Steen, 2005;Tailby et al, 2005), and stroke (Biernaskie and Corbett, 2001;Gonzalez and Kolb, 2003;Jones and Schallert, 1992). One potential limitation of previous studies has been that they relied on static images of the neuronal structure (using Golgi-Cox staining or ex vivo filling of neurons) to estimate the dynamic structural processes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These conclusions have recently been supported by longitudinal in vivo imaging studies in the olfactory bulb, and in the somatosensory and visual cortices (Lee et al, 2006;Mizrahi and Katz, 2003;Trachtenberg et al, 2002). However, there does seem to be some exceptions to this rule of dendritic stability, as changes in basilar dendrite complexity have been observed in the cortex after brain damage (Biernaskie and Corbett, 2001;Jones and Schallert, 1992), sensory denervation (Hickmott and Steen, 2005;Tailby et al, 2005), or exposure to enriched environments (Wallace et al, 1992). Although these studies have significantly enhanced our understanding of dendritic arbor plasticity, no study has directly tracked patterns of dendrite growth/retraction within the same neuron over time, in an intact animal while it is recovering from an ischemic event.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

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Longitudinal in vivo Imaging Reveals Balanced and Branch-Specific Remodeling of Mature Cortical Pyramidal Dendritic Arbors after Stroke

Brown

Boyd

Murphy

2009

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

109

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The manner in which fully mature peri-infarct cortical dendritic arbors remodel after stroke, and thus may possibly contribute to stroke-induced changes in cortical receptive fields, is unknown. In this study, we used longitudinal in vivo two-photon imaging to investigate the extent to which brain ischemia can trigger dendritic remodeling of pyramidal neurons in the adult mouse somatosensory cortex, and to determine the nature by which remodeling proceeds over time and space. Before the induction of stroke, dendritic arbors were relatively stable over several weeks. However, after stroke, apical dendritic arbor remodeling increased significantly (dendritic tip growth and retraction), particularly within the first 2 weeks after stroke. Despite a threefold increase in structural remodeling, the net length of arbors did not change significantly over time because dendrite extensions away from the stroke were balanced by the shortening of tips near the infarct. Therefore, fully mature cortical pyramidal neurons retain the capacity for extensive structural plasticity and remodel in a balanced and branch-specific manner.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Longitudinal in vivo Imaging Reveals Balanced and Branch-Specific Remodeling of Mature Cortical Pyramidal Dendritic Arbors after Stroke

Brown

Boyd

Murphy

2009

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

109

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The technique we applied is extremely reliable and sensitive to measure cortical thickness differences 21 even in submillimeters with improved spatial localization, and uses of more stable structural parameters. 22 Functional and structural plasticity in the so-matosensory cortex have been noticed in rats 23 after altered sensory experience. In humans, a comparable thickening of the SSC at the border between the postcentral gyrus and sulcus has recently been reported in chronic stroke patients when compared with HCs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thickening in the somatosensory cortex of patients with migraine

et al. 2007

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Objective-To examine morphologic changes in the somatosensory cortex (SSC) of patients with migraine.Methods-Cortical thickness of the SSC of patients with migraine was measured in vivo and compared with age-and sex-matched healthy subjects. The cohort was composed of 24 patients with migraine, subdivided into 12 patients who had migraine with aura, 12 patients who had migraine without aura, and 12 controls. Group and individual analyses were performed in the SSC and shown as average maps of significant changes in cortical thickness.Results-Migraineurs had on average thicker SSCs than the control group. The most significant thickness changes were noticed in the caudal SSC, where the trigeminal area, including head and face, is somatotopically represented.Conclusions-Our findings indicate the presence of interictal structural changes in the somatosensory cortex (SSC) of migraineurs. The SSC plays a crucial role in the noxious and nonnoxious somatosensory processing. Thickening in the SSC is in line with diffusional abnormalities observed in the subcortical trigeminal somatosensory pathway of the same migraine cohort in a previous study. Repetitive migraine attacks may lead to, or be the result of, neuroplastic changes in cortical and subcortical structures of the trigeminal somatosensory system. Migraine is a chronic painful disease in which frequent headache attacks affect a great part of the patient's life, from childhood to late adulthood. The consequences of such persistent suffering on the cortex of migraineurs are not known. Using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), we have recently shown interictal alterations in trigeminal somatosensory pathway in patients who have migraine with aura (MWA) and migraine without aura (MWoA), confirming the involvement of the somatosensory system in the migraine pathophysiology. 1 Based on that evidence, and taking advantage of the large somatotopic representation of the head in the somatosensory cortex (SSC) that receives trigeminal noxious and innocuous sensory inputs, we examined for the presence of cortical thickness changes in the same group of patients.

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“…Indeed, axonal sprouting in central (Darian-Smith and Gilbert, 1994;Florence et al, 1998) and peripheral (Darian-Smith and Brown, 2000;Darian-Smith, 2004) sensory systems in response to peripheral lesions have been reported. Dendritic reorganization also occurs in response to sensory denervation (Hickmott and Steen, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wiring Stability of the AdultDrosophilaOlfactory Circuit after Lesion

Berdnik¹,

Chihara²,

Couto³

et al. 2006

J. Neurosci.

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Neuronal wiring plasticity in response to experience or injury has been reported in many parts of the adult nervous system. For instance, visual or somatosensory cortical maps can reorganize significantly in response to peripheral lesions, yet a certain degree of stability is essential for neuronal circuits to perform their dedicated functions. Previous studies on lesion-induced neuronal reorganization have primarily focused on systems that use continuous neural maps. Here, we assess wiring plasticity in a discrete neural map represented by the adult Drosophila olfactory circuit. Using conditional expression of toxins, we genetically ablated specific classes of neurons and examined the consequences on their synaptic partners or neighboring classes in the adult antennal lobe. We find no alteration of connection specificity between olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) and their postsynaptic targets, the projection neurons (PNs). Ablating an ORN class maintains PN dendrites within their glomerular borders, and ORN axons normally innervating an adjacent target do not expand. Likewise, ablating PN classes does not alter their partner ORN axon connectivity. Interestingly, an increase in the contralateral ORN axon terminal density occurs in response to the removal of competing ipsilateral ORNs. Therefore, plasticity in this circuit can occur but is confined within a glomerulus, thereby retaining the wiring specificity of ORNs and PNs. We conclude that, although adult olfactory neurons can undergo plastic changes in response to the loss of competition, the olfactory circuit overall is extremely stable in preserving segregated information channels in this discrete map.

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Large-scale changes in dendritic structure during reorganization of adult somatosensory cortex

Cited by 76 publications

References 15 publications

Longitudinal in vivo Imaging Reveals Balanced and Branch-Specific Remodeling of Mature Cortical Pyramidal Dendritic Arbors after Stroke

Longitudinal in vivo Imaging Reveals Balanced and Branch-Specific Remodeling of Mature Cortical Pyramidal Dendritic Arbors after Stroke

Thickening in the somatosensory cortex of patients with migraine

Wiring Stability of the AdultDrosophilaOlfactory Circuit after Lesion

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