Large earthquake-triggered landslides and mountain belt erosion: The Tsaoling case, Taiwan

Simulation of Tsaoling landslide, Taiwan, based on Saint Venant equations over general topography

“…The evidence includes chaotic distribution of large rock blocks, flow morphology and internal structure and relative thinness in comparison to large aerial extent, high porosity, angularity of fragments, and the lobate forms etc. Although extensive report documented the geomorphological evolution, rock material properties, and risk analysis (Hung et al, 2002;Chen et al, 2003Chen et al, , 2005, there are yet no conclusive reports on the duration of the landslide, velocity and impact response of the sliding mass into the deposit valley.…”

Recent Landslide Movement in Tsaoling, Taiwan Tracked by TerraSAR-X/TanDEM-X DEM Time Series

“…In general, lots of studies have been done to obtain the dynamic activities i.e., volume changing, of Tsaoling landslide in the past decade based on DEMs derived from LiDAR or optical images [2,3,7,8,11]. Unlike these methods, this study used an iterated differential interferometry SAR method described in Section 3 to generate TSX/TDX DEM time-series with high spatial resolution (~3 m) and relative precision (~1.2 m) over the period from November of 2011 to April of 2014.…”

“…Cholan formation, which conformably rests on the Chingshui Shale, not only consists of greenish-gray fine-grained sandstones and intercalated shales with high permeability and friability, but also constitutes most of the landslide mass. In addition, landslides before 1979 all occurred in the weak interfaces distributed along Chingshui Shale and Cholan formation [2,8,10]. The alluvial deposit, debris deposit and terrace deposit that constitute the latest Holocene with a high compressibility and permeability are the potential localities of collapses and landslides.…”

“…Moreover, the induced landslide lakes also pose threat to life and property nearby [3]. Related researches have been extensively conducted, such as the cause of landslides [4][5][6], volumetric changes [2,7,8], the evolution of topography [1] and the mechanism behind landsides [9,10]. However, a series of small-scale landslides occurred after 1999 with significant soil transport was not well studied, which can aslo lead to secondary disasters such as rockslide, dammed lakes and river incision [3,11].…”

The mechanism of the 1941 Tsaoling landslide, Taiwan: insight from a 2D discrete element simulation

“…Tsaoling has experienced five large landslides in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries (Table 1). Previous studies on Tsaoling landslides (Kawada 1942;Chang 1951;Hsu 1951;Hsu and Leung 1977;Chang 1984;Hung et al 2002;Chen et al 2005) have revealed four characteristics of Tsaoling landslides: (1) they tend to reoccur, (2) multi-landslide surfaces, (3) huge landslide blocks, and (4) local people survived after sliding 2 km. The last point suggests that the strata were not seriously disturbed and the uppermost strata remained on top during the landslide.…”