Large deformation and energy absorption of additively manufactured auxetic materials and structures: A review

Zhang, Jianjun; Lu, Guoxing; Zhang, You

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2020.108340

Cited by 358 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 271 publications

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“…Based on the various existing auxetic patterns studied in the literature and their mechanical performance [43], a tetra-petal star-shaped unit cell (Figure 1) [44][45][46] was selected for the design and investigation in this study due to its symmetry and mechanical performance. The auxetic response of petal structures is attributed to a hinge and elastic support system similar to the response of star shape structures, with the advancement of avoiding sharp edges, which lead to stress concentrations and discontinuities during production under additive manufacturing technologies.…”

Section: Simulation-driven Parametric Design Of Auxetic Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Numerical Analysis of 3D Printed Polymer Tetra-Petal Auxetic Structures under Compression

Photiou¹,

Avraam²,

Sillani

et al. 2021

Applied Sciences

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Auxetic structures possess a negative Poisson ratio (ν < 0) as a result of their geometrical configuration, which exhibits enhanced indentation resistance, fracture toughness, and impact resistance, as well as exceptional mechanical response advantages for applications in defense, biomedical, automotive, aerospace, sports, consumer goods, and personal protective equipment sectors. With the advent of additive manufacturing, it has become possible to produce complex shapes with auxetic properties, which could not have been possible with traditional manufacturing. Three-dimensional printing enables easy and precise control of the geometry and material composition of the creation of desirable shapes, providing the opportunity to explore different geometric aspects of auxetic structures with a variety of different materials. This study investigated the geometrical and material combinations that can be jointly tailored to optimize the auxetic effects of 2D and 3D complex structures by integrating design, modelling approaches, 3D printing, and mechanical testing. The simulation-driven design methodology allowed for the identification and creation of optimum auxetic prototype samples manufactured by 3D printing with different polymer materials. Compression tests were performed to characterize the auxetic behavior of the different system configurations. The experimental investigation demonstrated a Poisson’s ration reaching a value of ν = −0.6 for certain shape and material combinations, thus providing support for preliminary finite element studies on unit cells. Finally, based on the experimental tests, 3D finite element models with elastic material formulations were generated to replicate the mechanical performance of the auxetic structures by means of simulations. The findings showed a coherent deformation behavior with experimental measurements and image analysis.

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Section: Simulation-driven Parametric Design Of Auxetic Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Numerical Analysis of 3D Printed Polymer Tetra-Petal Auxetic Structures under Compression

Photiou¹,

Avraam²,

Sillani

et al. 2021

Applied Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…AM can create intricate structures, which are usually hard or even impossible to manufacture with traditional methods. For example, AM can manufacture topologically optimized structures and auxetic structures [ 4 ]. AM can also significantly simplify the transfer from the results gained in the lab to the industrial product [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personalized Mass Production by Hybridization of Additive Manufacturing and Injection Molding

2021

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The new trend in the composites industry, as dictated by Industry 4.0, is the personalization of mass production to match every customer’s individual needs. Such synergy can be achieved when several traditional manufacturing techniques are combined within the production of a single part. One of the most promising combinations is additive manufacturing (AM) with injection molding. AM offers higher production freedom in comparison with traditional techniques. As a result, even very sophisticated geometries can be manufactured by AM at a reasonable price. The bottleneck of AM is the production rate, which is several orders of magnitude slower than that of traditional plastic mass production technologies. On the other hand, injection molding is a manufacturing technique for high-volume production with little possibility of customization. The customization of injection-molded parts is usually very expensive and time-consuming. In this research, we offered a solution for the individualization of mass production, which includes 3D printing a baseplate with the subsequent overmolding of a rib element on it. We examined the bonding between the additive-manufactured component and the injection-molded component. As bonding strength between the coupled elements is significantly lower than the strength of the material, we proposed five strategies to improve bonding strength. The strategies are optimizing the printing parameters to obtain high surface roughness, creating an infill density in fused filament fabrication (FFF) parts, creating local infill density, creating microstructures, and incorporating fibers into the bonding area. We observed that the two most effective methods to increase bonding strength are the creation of local infill density and the creation of a microstructure at the contact area of FFF-printed and injection-molded elements. This increase was attributed to the porous structures that both methods created. The melt during injection molding flowed into these pores and formed micro-mechanical interlocking.

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“…The auxetic metamaterials with negative Poisson's ratio pioneered by Lakes [1] have exhibited distinctive physical characteristics such as low density, light mass, high energy absorption, abnormal deformation, and excellent impact resistance, [2,3] so they can be used in the fields of medicine, sport, aerospace, and transportation. [4][5][6] Currently, the designed auxetic structures can be roughly classified into three categories: the beam-dominated structures, including reentrant structures, star-shaped structures, and chiral structures; [7][8][9] the perforated structures with orthogonally aligned holes; [10][11][12][13] and the kirigami structures consisting of rotating rigid units connected through joints. [14,15] It has been demonstrated that the perforated structures are relatively easy to be produced and also can lead to stable auxetic deformation than the beam-dominated auxetic structures and the kirigami structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Planar Auxetic Metamaterial Perforated with Orthogonally Aligned Oval‐Shaped Holes and Machine Learning Solutions

2021

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Auxetic metamaterials with negative Poisson's ratio have attracted much attention due to their counterintuitive deformation behavior over the conventional engineering materials. However, it is difficult to describe the complex correlation between microstructure parameters and auxeticity by analytical or empirical solutions in the form of math expressions. Herein, the machine learning (ML) model with artificial neural network (ANN) is developed to analyze a novel planar auxetic metamaterial designed by introducing orthogonally aligned oval‐shaped perforations in solid base material, and its feasibility is demonstrated through the experimental and finite element method (FEM) solutions. It is found that the proposed structure involving less design parameters exhibits the best performance at the aspects of auxetic behavior and stress level than those with peanut‐shaped holes and elliptic holes. Moreover, the results of parameter analysis demonstrate that the present ML solution model can provide accurate predicting results rapidly for this problem, without the limitations of explicit solution expressions which are typically not available in practice. The ML model allows one to obtain the desired auxetic property by tailoring the geometric parameters effectively and accelerate auxetic metamaterial design.

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Large deformation and energy absorption of additively manufactured auxetic materials and structures: A review

Cited by 358 publications

References 271 publications

Experimental and Numerical Analysis of 3D Printed Polymer Tetra-Petal Auxetic Structures under Compression

Experimental and Numerical Analysis of 3D Printed Polymer Tetra-Petal Auxetic Structures under Compression

Personalized Mass Production by Hybridization of Additive Manufacturing and Injection Molding

Novel Planar Auxetic Metamaterial Perforated with Orthogonally Aligned Oval‐Shaped Holes and Machine Learning Solutions

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