Large-area CdS/CdTe photovoltaic cells

Jordan, J.F.; Albright, S.P.

doi:10.1016/0379-6787(88)90010-5

Cited by 41 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…183 The materials used to obtain ohmic contact in superstrate CdTe devices are graphite paste, Te/Au, Sb/Au, Ni, PbTe, SnTe, HgTe, ZnTe, Cu/Au, Cu/graphite, Cu doped ZnTe with metallization and Cu/Mo. [184][185][186][187][188][189][190][191][192][193][194][195][196] The most commonly used metal to make a non-rectifying contact with CdTe is Cu. There are various methods to apply Cu at the CdTe back surface; evaporation of thin Cu lms onto the CdTe surface; application of graphite paste containing Cu powder/Cu salts or Cu doped alloys; and dipping or spraying the Te-rich surface with Cu salt solutions.…”

Section: Optical Absorption Lossesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physics and chemistry of CdTe/CdS thin film heterojunction photovoltaic devices: fundamental and critical aspects

Kumar

Rao

2014

Energy Environ. Sci.

365

209

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Section: Optical Absorption Lossesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physics and chemistry of CdTe/CdS thin film heterojunction photovoltaic devices: fundamental and critical aspects

Kumar

Rao

2014

Energy Environ. Sci.

365

209

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“…Fluorine [53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60]) shows that the kinetics observed in the actual study are quite 400 times quicker.…”

Section: Discussion and Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 97%

SnxSy compounds growth by controlled sulfurisation of SnO2

Khelia¹,

Boubaker²,

Amlouk³

2011

Journal of Alloys and Compounds

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“…There have been relatively few reports of spray deposition of CdTe materials. − While knowledge of the CdTe spray deposition precursor chemistry in much of this work is unpublished, ,− a few reports document the composition of the spray solution. Aqueous precursor solutions of (NH 4 ) 2 TeO 4 , CdCl 2 , and HCl 14 or TeO 2 , CdCl 2 , NH 4 OH, N 2 H 4 , and HCl 9 have been sprayed at temperatures from 350 to 500 °C in the deposition of CdTe thin films.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CdTe Thin Films from Nanoparticle Precursors by Spray Deposition

et al. 1997

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The formation of CdTe thin films by spray deposition using nanoparticle colloids has been investigated. Employing a metathesis approach, cadmium iodide is reacted with sodium telluride in methanol solvent, resulting in the formation of soluble NaI and insoluble CdTe nanoparticles. After appropriate chemical workup, methanol-capped CdTe colloids were isolated. CdTe colloids prepared by this method exhibit a dependence of the nanoparticle diameter upon reaction temperature as determined by UV−visible spectroscopy (UV−vis), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). CdTe thin-film formation was performed by spray depositing the 25−75 Å diameter nanoparticle colloids according to a one- or two-step method. Films derived from a one-step approach were sprayed onto substrates at elevated temperatures (T dep = 280−440 °C) with no further thermal treatment. Two-step films were sprayed at lower temperatures (T dep = 25−125 °C) and were subjected to subsequent thermal treatments (T anneal = 250−500 °C) in argon or forming gas (10% H2 in N2) ambients. The effects of a CdCl2 treatment were also investigated for CdTe films on both 7059 glass and CdS on SnO2-coated 7059 glass. The CdTe films were characterized by XRD, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Phase-pure cubic CdTe formation was observed by XRD for two-step derived films (400 °C in forming gas) while one-step films were composed of the cubic CdTe and an oxide phase. XPS analysis of five films processed at 400 °C and a variety of conditions showed that while CdTe films produced by the one-step method contained no Na or C and substantial O, two-step films subjected to a CdCl2 treatment showed reduced O but increased C content. AFM gave CdTe grain sizes of ∼0.1−0.3 and ∼0.3−0.7 μm for a one-step film sprayed at 400 °C and a two-step film annealed at 400 °C, respectively. The potential of employing CdTe nanoparticles toward photovoltaic technologies is discussed.

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Large-area CdS/CdTe photovoltaic cells

Cited by 41 publications

References 4 publications

Physics and chemistry of CdTe/CdS thin film heterojunction photovoltaic devices: fundamental and critical aspects

Physics and chemistry of CdTe/CdS thin film heterojunction photovoltaic devices: fundamental and critical aspects

SnxSy compounds growth by controlled sulfurisation of SnO2

CdTe Thin Films from Nanoparticle Precursors by Spray Deposition

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